brûler — French conjugation
to burn
Indicative
Present (Présent) Regular
Use the présent for habits, what is true now, and what is about to happen soon. A single set of endings covers what English often splits into “I speak” and “I am speaking”.
Elle parle arabe et français.
| Pronoun | French | English |
|---|---|---|
| je | brûle | I burn |
| tu | brûles | you burn |
| il/elle | brûle | he/she/it burns |
| nous | brûlons | we burn |
| vous | brûlez | you (pl.) burn |
| ils/elles | brûlent | they burn |
Simple past (Passé simple) Regular
The passé simple narrates completed past events in a literary or very formal style. In everyday conversation people use the passé composé instead, so you mostly meet this form in books and journalism.
Ils virent le roi s'approcher.
| Pronoun | French | English |
|---|---|---|
| je | brûlai | I burned |
| tu | brûlas | you burned |
| il/elle | brûla | he/she/it burned |
| nous | brûlâmes | we burned |
| vous | brûlâtes | you (pl.) burned |
| ils/elles | brûlèrent | they burned |
Imperfect (Imparfait) Regular
The imparfait describes ongoing or repeated past actions and sets the background — how things were, what used to happen, weather, feelings. The passé composé, by contrast, marks single completed events.
Quand j'étais petit, j'allais souvent à la piscine.
| Pronoun | French |
|---|---|
| je | brûlais |
| tu | brûlais |
| il/elle | brûlait |
| nous | brûlions |
| vous | brûliez |
| ils/elles | brûlaient |
Conditional (Conditionnel) Regular
The conditionnel is for polite questions and requests, “would”-type hypotheticals, and what someone said would happen. It is also the usual consequent clause in si + imparfait → conditionnel patterns.
Pourriez-vous répéter, s'il vous plaît ?
| Pronoun | French | English |
|---|---|---|
| je | brûlerais | I would burn |
| tu | brûlerais | you would burn |
| il/elle | brûlerait | he/she/it would burn |
| nous | brûlerions | we would burn |
| vous | brûleriez | you (pl.) would burn |
| ils/elles | brûleraient | they would burn |
Future (Futur) Regular
The futur is for future plans and objective predictions. In speech, aller + infinitive is often clearer for the immediate future, while the simple future is common for facts further ahead or in writing.
Demain, nous dînerons chez eux.
| Pronoun | French | English |
|---|---|---|
| je | brûlerai | I will burn |
| tu | brûleras | you will burn |
| il/elle | brûlera | he/she/it will burn |
| nous | brûlerons | we will burn |
| vous | brûlerez | you (pl.) will burn |
| ils/elles | brûleront | they will burn |
Present perfect (Passé composé) Regular
The passé composé is the main spoken past for completed, bounded actions (often with a time adverb). Use avoir with most verbs; être is required for a fixed group of motion/inchange and all pronominal verbs, with participle agreement when necessary.
Elle est venue tôt, puis elle a téléphoné.
| Pronoun | French | English |
|---|---|---|
| je | j'ai brûlé | I have burned |
| tu | tu as brûlé | you have burned |
| il/elle | il/elle a brûlé | he/she/it has burned |
| nous | nous avons brûlé | we have burned |
| vous | vous avez brûlé | you (pl.) have burned |
| ils/elles | ils/elles ont brûlé | they have burned |
Pluperfect (Plus-que-parfait) Regular
The plus-que-parfait is the “earlier past”: one action was already over before another past moment. It answers “had already” when a story is anchored in a past time.
Déjà, il avait fini quand je suis arrivé.
| Pronoun | French | English |
|---|---|---|
| je | j'avais brûlé | I had burned |
| tu | tu avais brûlé | you had burned |
| il/elle | il/elle avait brûlé | he/she/it had burned |
| nous | nous avions brûlé | we had burned |
| vous | vous aviez brûlé | you (pl.) had burned |
| ils/elles | ils/elles avaient brûlé | they had burned |
Conditional perfect (Conditionnel passé) Regular
The conditionnel passé states what would have been true, plans that failed, and unreal past if-clauses (often with si + plus-que-parfait in the apodose).
J'aurais dit oui, mais c'était impossible.
| Pronoun | French |
|---|---|
| je | j'aurais brûlé |
| tu | tu aurais brûlé |
| il/elle | il/elle aurait brûlé |
| nous | nous aurions brûlé |
| vous | vous auriez brûlé |
| ils/elles | ils/elles auraient brûlé |
Future perfect (Futur antérieur) Regular
The futur antérieur marks an action that will be finished before a later future moment (by then I will have…). It can also suggest a conjecture about a recent past fact in formal or literary use.
D'ici samedi, j'aurai lu le rapport.
| Pronoun | French | English |
|---|---|---|
| je | j'aurai brûlé | I will have burned |
| tu | tu auras brûlé | you will have burned |
| il/elle | il/elle aura brûlé | he/she/it will have burned |
| nous | nous aurons brûlé | we will have burned |
| vous | vous aurez brûlé | you (pl.) will have burned |
| ils/elles | ils/elles auront brûlé | they will have burned |
Subjunctive
Present subjunctive (Subjonctif présent) Regular
The present subjunctive appears in subordinate clauses after desire, doubt, fear, need, and many impersonals, usually when the subject of the subordinate is different. Learn common triggers: il faut que, je veux que, je doute que…
Il faut qu'il parte avant midi.
| Pronoun | French |
|---|---|
| je | brûle |
| tu | brûles |
| il/elle | brûle |
| nous | brûlions |
| vous | brûliez |
| ils/elles | brûlent |
Imperfect subjunctive (Subjonctif imparfait) Regular
The imparfait du subjonctif is a literary and formal past subjunctive. In modern speech, the present subjunctive usually replaces it for the same meaning.
Bien qu'il fût fatigué, il continua.
| Pronoun | French |
|---|---|
| je | brûlasse |
| tu | brûlasses |
| il/elle | brûlât |
| nous | brûlassions |
| vous | brûlassiez |
| ils/elles | brûlassent |
Other forms
Imperative (Impératif) Regular
The imperative is for direct orders and advice to tu, nous, and vous. For many -er verbs, the tu form drops the final -s of the present (parle!); negatives use the subjunctive-like forms in practice.
Fermons la porte, s'il vous plaît !
| Pronoun | French |
|---|---|
| tu | brûle |
| nous | brûlons |
| vous | brûlez |