irriter — French conjugation

to irritate

Frequency#478Regular

Indicative

Present (Présent) Regular

Use the présent for habits, what is true now, and what is about to happen soon. A single set of endings covers what English often splits into “I speak” and “I am speaking”.

Elle parle arabe et français.

PronounFrenchEnglish
jeirriteI irritate
tuirritesyou irritate
il/elleirritehe/she/it irritates
nousirritonswe irritate
vousirritezyou (pl.) irritate
ils/ellesirritentthey irritate

Simple past (Passé simple) Regular

The passé simple narrates completed past events in a literary or very formal style. In everyday conversation people use the passé composé instead, so you mostly meet this form in books and journalism.

Ils virent le roi s'approcher.

PronounFrenchEnglish
jeirritaiI irritated
tuirritasyou irritated
il/elleirritahe/she/it irritated
nousirritâmeswe irritated
vousirritâtesyou (pl.) irritated
ils/ellesirritèrentthey irritated

Imperfect (Imparfait) Regular

The imparfait describes ongoing or repeated past actions and sets the background — how things were, what used to happen, weather, feelings. The passé composé, by contrast, marks single completed events.

Quand j'étais petit, j'allais souvent à la piscine.

PronounFrench
jeirritais
tuirritais
il/elleirritait
nousirritions
vousirritiez
ils/ellesirritaient

Conditional (Conditionnel) Regular

The conditionnel is for polite questions and requests, “would”-type hypotheticals, and what someone said would happen. It is also the usual consequent clause in si + imparfait → conditionnel patterns.

Pourriez-vous répéter, s'il vous plaît ?

PronounFrenchEnglish
jeirriteraisI would irritate
tuirriteraisyou would irritate
il/elleirriteraithe/she/it would irritate
nousirriterionswe would irritate
vousirriteriezyou (pl.) would irritate
ils/ellesirriteraientthey would irritate

Future (Futur) Regular

The futur is for future plans and objective predictions. In speech, aller + infinitive is often clearer for the immediate future, while the simple future is common for facts further ahead or in writing.

Demain, nous dînerons chez eux.

PronounFrenchEnglish
jeirriteraiI will irritate
tuirriterasyou will irritate
il/elleirriterahe/she/it will irritate
nousirriteronswe will irritate
vousirriterezyou (pl.) will irritate
ils/ellesirriterontthey will irritate

Present perfect (Passé composé) Regular

The passé composé is the main spoken past for completed, bounded actions (often with a time adverb). Use avoir with most verbs; être is required for a fixed group of motion/inchange and all pronominal verbs, with participle agreement when necessary.

Elle est venue tôt, puis elle a téléphoné.

PronounFrenchEnglish
jej'ai irritéI have irritated
tutu as irritéyou have irritated
il/elleil/elle a irritéhe/she/it has irritated
nousnous avons irritéwe have irritated
vousvous avez irritéyou (pl.) have irritated
ils/ellesils/elles ont irritéthey have irritated

Pluperfect (Plus-que-parfait) Regular

The plus-que-parfait is the “earlier past”: one action was already over before another past moment. It answers “had already” when a story is anchored in a past time.

Déjà, il avait fini quand je suis arrivé.

PronounFrenchEnglish
jej'avais irritéI had irritated
tutu avais irritéyou had irritated
il/elleil/elle avait irritéhe/she/it had irritated
nousnous avions irritéwe had irritated
vousvous aviez irritéyou (pl.) had irritated
ils/ellesils/elles avaient irritéthey had irritated

Conditional perfect (Conditionnel passé) Regular

The conditionnel passé states what would have been true, plans that failed, and unreal past if-clauses (often with si + plus-que-parfait in the apodose).

J'aurais dit oui, mais c'était impossible.

PronounFrench
jej'aurais irrité
tutu aurais irrité
il/elleil/elle aurait irrité
nousnous aurions irrité
vousvous auriez irrité
ils/ellesils/elles auraient irrité

Future perfect (Futur antérieur) Regular

The futur antérieur marks an action that will be finished before a later future moment (by then I will have…). It can also suggest a conjecture about a recent past fact in formal or literary use.

D'ici samedi, j'aurai lu le rapport.

PronounFrenchEnglish
jej'aurai irritéI will have irritated
tutu auras irritéyou will have irritated
il/elleil/elle aura irritéhe/she/it will have irritated
nousnous aurons irritéwe will have irritated
vousvous aurez irritéyou (pl.) will have irritated
ils/ellesils/elles auront irritéthey will have irritated

Subjunctive

Present subjunctive (Subjonctif présent) Regular

The present subjunctive appears in subordinate clauses after desire, doubt, fear, need, and many impersonals, usually when the subject of the subordinate is different. Learn common triggers: il faut que, je veux que, je doute que…

Il faut qu'il parte avant midi.

PronounFrench
jeirrite
tuirrites
il/elleirrite
nousirritions
vousirritiez
ils/ellesirritent

Imperfect subjunctive (Subjonctif imparfait) Regular

The imparfait du subjonctif is a literary and formal past subjunctive. In modern speech, the present subjunctive usually replaces it for the same meaning.

Bien qu'il fût fatigué, il continua.

PronounFrench
jeirritasse
tuirritasses
il/elleirritât
nousirritassions
vousirritassiez
ils/ellesirritassent

Other forms

Imperative (Impératif) Regular

The imperative is for direct orders and advice to tu, nous, and vous. For many -er verbs, the tu form drops the final -s of the present (parle!); negatives use the subjunctive-like forms in practice.

Fermons la porte, s'il vous plaît !

PronounFrench
tuirrite
nousirritons
vousirritez