justifier — French conjugation

to justify

Frequency#593RegularReflexivese justifier — to justify oneself

Indicative

Present (Présent) Regular

Use the présent for habits, what is true now, and what is about to happen soon. A single set of endings covers what English often splits into “I speak” and “I am speaking”.

Elle parle arabe et français.

PronounFrenchEnglish
jejustifieI justify
tujustifiesyou justify
il/ellejustifiehe/she/it justifies
nousjustifionswe justify
vousjustifiezyou (pl.) justify
ils/ellesjustifientthey justify

Simple past (Passé simple) Regular

The passé simple narrates completed past events in a literary or very formal style. In everyday conversation people use the passé composé instead, so you mostly meet this form in books and journalism.

Ils virent le roi s'approcher.

PronounFrenchEnglish
jejustifiaiI justified
tujustifiasyou justified
il/ellejustifiahe/she/it justified
nousjustifiâmeswe justified
vousjustifiâtesyou (pl.) justified
ils/ellesjustifièrentthey justified

Imperfect (Imparfait) Regular

The imparfait describes ongoing or repeated past actions and sets the background — how things were, what used to happen, weather, feelings. The passé composé, by contrast, marks single completed events.

Quand j'étais petit, j'allais souvent à la piscine.

PronounFrench
jejustifiais
tujustifiais
il/ellejustifiait
nousjustifiions
vousjustifiiez
ils/ellesjustifiaient

Conditional (Conditionnel) Regular

The conditionnel is for polite questions and requests, “would”-type hypotheticals, and what someone said would happen. It is also the usual consequent clause in si + imparfait → conditionnel patterns.

Pourriez-vous répéter, s'il vous plaît ?

PronounFrenchEnglish
jejustifieraisI would justify
tujustifieraisyou would justify
il/ellejustifieraithe/she/it would justify
nousjustifierionswe would justify
vousjustifieriezyou (pl.) would justify
ils/ellesjustifieraientthey would justify

Future (Futur) Regular

The futur is for future plans and objective predictions. In speech, aller + infinitive is often clearer for the immediate future, while the simple future is common for facts further ahead or in writing.

Demain, nous dînerons chez eux.

PronounFrenchEnglish
jejustifieraiI will justify
tujustifierasyou will justify
il/ellejustifierahe/she/it will justify
nousjustifieronswe will justify
vousjustifierezyou (pl.) will justify
ils/ellesjustifierontthey will justify

Present perfect (Passé composé) Regular

The passé composé is the main spoken past for completed, bounded actions (often with a time adverb). Use avoir with most verbs; être is required for a fixed group of motion/inchange and all pronominal verbs, with participle agreement when necessary.

Elle est venue tôt, puis elle a téléphoné.

PronounFrenchEnglish
jej'ai justifiéI have justified
tutu as justifiéyou have justified
il/elleil/elle a justifiéhe/she/it has justified
nousnous avons justifiéwe have justified
vousvous avez justifiéyou (pl.) have justified
ils/ellesils/elles ont justifiéthey have justified

Pluperfect (Plus-que-parfait) Regular

The plus-que-parfait is the “earlier past”: one action was already over before another past moment. It answers “had already” when a story is anchored in a past time.

Déjà, il avait fini quand je suis arrivé.

PronounFrenchEnglish
jej'avais justifiéI had justified
tutu avais justifiéyou had justified
il/elleil/elle avait justifiéhe/she/it had justified
nousnous avions justifiéwe had justified
vousvous aviez justifiéyou (pl.) had justified
ils/ellesils/elles avaient justifiéthey had justified

Conditional perfect (Conditionnel passé) Regular

The conditionnel passé states what would have been true, plans that failed, and unreal past if-clauses (often with si + plus-que-parfait in the apodose).

J'aurais dit oui, mais c'était impossible.

PronounFrench
jej'aurais justifié
tutu aurais justifié
il/elleil/elle aurait justifié
nousnous aurions justifié
vousvous auriez justifié
ils/ellesils/elles auraient justifié

Future perfect (Futur antérieur) Regular

The futur antérieur marks an action that will be finished before a later future moment (by then I will have…). It can also suggest a conjecture about a recent past fact in formal or literary use.

D'ici samedi, j'aurai lu le rapport.

PronounFrenchEnglish
jej'aurai justifiéI will have justified
tutu auras justifiéyou will have justified
il/elleil/elle aura justifiéhe/she/it will have justified
nousnous aurons justifiéwe will have justified
vousvous aurez justifiéyou (pl.) will have justified
ils/ellesils/elles auront justifiéthey will have justified

Subjunctive

Present subjunctive (Subjonctif présent) Regular

The present subjunctive appears in subordinate clauses after desire, doubt, fear, need, and many impersonals, usually when the subject of the subordinate is different. Learn common triggers: il faut que, je veux que, je doute que…

Il faut qu'il parte avant midi.

PronounFrench
jejustifie
tujustifies
il/ellejustifie
nousjustifiions
vousjustifiiez
ils/ellesjustifient

Imperfect subjunctive (Subjonctif imparfait) Regular

The imparfait du subjonctif is a literary and formal past subjunctive. In modern speech, the present subjunctive usually replaces it for the same meaning.

Bien qu'il fût fatigué, il continua.

PronounFrench
jejustifiasse
tujustifiasses
il/ellejustifiât
nousjustifiassions
vousjustifiassiez
ils/ellesjustifiassent

Other forms

Imperative (Impératif) Regular

The imperative is for direct orders and advice to tu, nous, and vous. For many -er verbs, the tu form drops the final -s of the present (parle!); negatives use the subjunctive-like forms in practice.

Fermons la porte, s'il vous plaît !

PronounFrench
tujustifie
nousjustifions
vousjustifiez