lier — French conjugation

to bind

Frequency#203RegularReflexivese lier — to make friends (se lier avec)

Indicative

Present (Présent) Regular

Use the présent for habits, what is true now, and what is about to happen soon. A single set of endings covers what English often splits into “I speak” and “I am speaking”.

Elle parle arabe et français.

PronounFrenchEnglish
jelieI bind
tuliesyou bind
il/elleliehe/she/it binds
nouslionswe bind
vousliezyou (pl.) bind
ils/elleslientthey bind

Simple past (Passé simple) Regular

The passé simple narrates completed past events in a literary or very formal style. In everyday conversation people use the passé composé instead, so you mostly meet this form in books and journalism.

Ils virent le roi s'approcher.

PronounFrenchEnglish
jeliaiI bound
tuliasyou bound
il/elleliahe/she/it bound
nousliâmeswe bound
vousliâtesyou (pl.) bound
ils/elleslièrentthey bound

Imperfect (Imparfait) Regular

The imparfait describes ongoing or repeated past actions and sets the background — how things were, what used to happen, weather, feelings. The passé composé, by contrast, marks single completed events.

Quand j'étais petit, j'allais souvent à la piscine.

PronounFrench
jeliais
tuliais
il/elleliait
nousliions
vousliiez
ils/ellesliaient

Conditional (Conditionnel) Regular

The conditionnel is for polite questions and requests, “would”-type hypotheticals, and what someone said would happen. It is also the usual consequent clause in si + imparfait → conditionnel patterns.

Pourriez-vous répéter, s'il vous plaît ?

PronounFrenchEnglish
jelieraisI would bind
tulieraisyou would bind
il/ellelieraithe/she/it would bind
nouslierionswe would bind
vouslieriezyou (pl.) would bind
ils/elleslieraientthey would bind

Future (Futur) Regular

The futur is for future plans and objective predictions. In speech, aller + infinitive is often clearer for the immediate future, while the simple future is common for facts further ahead or in writing.

Demain, nous dînerons chez eux.

PronounFrenchEnglish
jelieraiI will bind
tulierasyou will bind
il/ellelierahe/she/it will bind
nouslieronswe will bind
vouslierezyou (pl.) will bind
ils/elleslierontthey will bind

Present perfect (Passé composé) Regular

The passé composé is the main spoken past for completed, bounded actions (often with a time adverb). Use avoir with most verbs; être is required for a fixed group of motion/inchange and all pronominal verbs, with participle agreement when necessary.

Elle est venue tôt, puis elle a téléphoné.

PronounFrenchEnglish
jej'ai liéI have bound
tutu as liéyou have bound
il/elleil/elle a liéhe/she/it has bound
nousnous avons liéwe have bound
vousvous avez liéyou (pl.) have bound
ils/ellesils/elles ont liéthey have bound

Pluperfect (Plus-que-parfait) Regular

The plus-que-parfait is the “earlier past”: one action was already over before another past moment. It answers “had already” when a story is anchored in a past time.

Déjà, il avait fini quand je suis arrivé.

PronounFrenchEnglish
jej'avais liéI had bound
tutu avais liéyou had bound
il/elleil/elle avait liéhe/she/it had bound
nousnous avions liéwe had bound
vousvous aviez liéyou (pl.) had bound
ils/ellesils/elles avaient liéthey had bound

Conditional perfect (Conditionnel passé) Regular

The conditionnel passé states what would have been true, plans that failed, and unreal past if-clauses (often with si + plus-que-parfait in the apodose).

J'aurais dit oui, mais c'était impossible.

PronounFrench
jej'aurais lié
tutu aurais lié
il/elleil/elle aurait lié
nousnous aurions lié
vousvous auriez lié
ils/ellesils/elles auraient lié

Future perfect (Futur antérieur) Regular

The futur antérieur marks an action that will be finished before a later future moment (by then I will have…). It can also suggest a conjecture about a recent past fact in formal or literary use.

D'ici samedi, j'aurai lu le rapport.

PronounFrenchEnglish
jej'aurai liéI will have bound
tutu auras liéyou will have bound
il/elleil/elle aura liéhe/she/it will have bound
nousnous aurons liéwe will have bound
vousvous aurez liéyou (pl.) will have bound
ils/ellesils/elles auront liéthey will have bound

Subjunctive

Present subjunctive (Subjonctif présent) Regular

The present subjunctive appears in subordinate clauses after desire, doubt, fear, need, and many impersonals, usually when the subject of the subordinate is different. Learn common triggers: il faut que, je veux que, je doute que…

Il faut qu'il parte avant midi.

PronounFrench
jelie
tulies
il/ellelie
nousliions
vousliiez
ils/elleslient

Imperfect subjunctive (Subjonctif imparfait) Regular

The imparfait du subjonctif is a literary and formal past subjunctive. In modern speech, the present subjunctive usually replaces it for the same meaning.

Bien qu'il fût fatigué, il continua.

PronounFrench
jeliasse
tuliasses
il/elleliât
nousliassions
vousliassiez
ils/ellesliassent

Other forms

Imperative (Impératif) Regular

The imperative is for direct orders and advice to tu, nous, and vous. For many -er verbs, the tu form drops the final -s of the present (parle!); negatives use the subjunctive-like forms in practice.

Fermons la porte, s'il vous plaît !

PronounFrench
tulie
nouslions
vousliez