passer — French conjugation

to pass

Frequency#18RegularAuxiliaryêtre

Indicative

Present (Présent) Regular

Use the présent for habits, what is true now, and what is about to happen soon. A single set of endings covers what English often splits into “I speak” and “I am speaking”.

Elle parle arabe et français.

PronounFrenchEnglish
jepasseI pass
tupassesyou pass
il/ellepassehe/she/it passes
nouspassonswe pass
vouspassezyou (pl.) pass
ils/ellespassentthey pass

Simple past (Passé simple) Regular

The passé simple narrates completed past events in a literary or very formal style. In everyday conversation people use the passé composé instead, so you mostly meet this form in books and journalism.

Ils virent le roi s'approcher.

PronounFrenchEnglish
jepassaiI passed
tupassasyou passed
il/ellepassahe/she/it passed
nouspassâmeswe passed
vouspassâtesyou (pl.) passed
ils/ellespassèrentthey passed

Imperfect (Imparfait) Regular

The imparfait describes ongoing or repeated past actions and sets the background — how things were, what used to happen, weather, feelings. The passé composé, by contrast, marks single completed events.

Quand j'étais petit, j'allais souvent à la piscine.

PronounFrench
jepassais
tupassais
il/ellepassait
nouspassions
vouspassiez
ils/ellespassaient

Conditional (Conditionnel) Regular

The conditionnel is for polite questions and requests, “would”-type hypotheticals, and what someone said would happen. It is also the usual consequent clause in si + imparfait → conditionnel patterns.

Pourriez-vous répéter, s'il vous plaît ?

PronounFrenchEnglish
jepasseraisI would pass
tupasseraisyou would pass
il/ellepasseraithe/she/it would pass
nouspasserionswe would pass
vouspasseriezyou (pl.) would pass
ils/ellespasseraientthey would pass

Future (Futur) Regular

The futur is for future plans and objective predictions. In speech, aller + infinitive is often clearer for the immediate future, while the simple future is common for facts further ahead or in writing.

Demain, nous dînerons chez eux.

PronounFrenchEnglish
jepasseraiI will pass
tupasserasyou will pass
il/ellepasserahe/she/it will pass
nouspasseronswe will pass
vouspasserezyou (pl.) will pass
ils/ellespasserontthey will pass

Present perfect (Passé composé) Regular

The passé composé is the main spoken past for completed, bounded actions (often with a time adverb). Use avoir with most verbs; être is required for a fixed group of motion/inchange and all pronominal verbs, with participle agreement when necessary.

Elle est venue tôt, puis elle a téléphoné.

PronounFrenchEnglish
jeje suis passé(e)I have passed
tutu es passé(e)you have passed
il/elleil/elle est passé(e)he/she/it has passed
nousnous sommes passé(e)swe have passed
vousvous êtes passé(e)(s)you (pl.) have passed
ils/ellesils/elles sont passé(e)sthey have passed

Pluperfect (Plus-que-parfait) Regular

The plus-que-parfait is the “earlier past”: one action was already over before another past moment. It answers “had already” when a story is anchored in a past time.

Déjà, il avait fini quand je suis arrivé.

PronounFrenchEnglish
jej'étais passé(e)I had passed
tutu étais passé(e)you had passed
il/elleil/elle était passé(e)he/she/it had passed
nousnous étions passé(e)swe had passed
vousvous étiez passé(e)(s)you (pl.) had passed
ils/ellesils/elles étaient passé(e)sthey had passed

Conditional perfect (Conditionnel passé) Regular

The conditionnel passé states what would have been true, plans that failed, and unreal past if-clauses (often with si + plus-que-parfait in the apodose).

J'aurais dit oui, mais c'était impossible.

PronounFrench
jeje serais passé(e)
tutu serais passé(e)
il/elleil/elle serait passé(e)
nousnous serions passé(e)s
vousvous seriez passé(e)(s)
ils/ellesils/elles seraient passé(e)s

Future perfect (Futur antérieur) Regular

The futur antérieur marks an action that will be finished before a later future moment (by then I will have…). It can also suggest a conjecture about a recent past fact in formal or literary use.

D'ici samedi, j'aurai lu le rapport.

PronounFrenchEnglish
jeje serai passé(e)I will have passed
tutu seras passé(e)you will have passed
il/elleil/elle sera passé(e)he/she/it will have passed
nousnous serons passé(e)swe will have passed
vousvous serez passé(e)(s)you (pl.) will have passed
ils/ellesils/elles seront passé(e)sthey will have passed

Subjunctive

Present subjunctive (Subjonctif présent) Regular

The present subjunctive appears in subordinate clauses after desire, doubt, fear, need, and many impersonals, usually when the subject of the subordinate is different. Learn common triggers: il faut que, je veux que, je doute que…

Il faut qu'il parte avant midi.

PronounFrench
jepasse
tupasses
il/ellepasse
nouspassions
vouspassiez
ils/ellespassent

Imperfect subjunctive (Subjonctif imparfait) Regular

The imparfait du subjonctif is a literary and formal past subjunctive. In modern speech, the present subjunctive usually replaces it for the same meaning.

Bien qu'il fût fatigué, il continua.

PronounFrench
jepassasse
tupassasses
il/ellepassât
nouspassassions
vouspassassiez
ils/ellespassassent

Other forms

Imperative (Impératif) Regular

The imperative is for direct orders and advice to tu, nous, and vous. For many -er verbs, the tu form drops the final -s of the present (parle!); negatives use the subjunctive-like forms in practice.

Fermons la porte, s'il vous plaît !

PronounFrench
tupasse
nouspassons
vouspassez