sous-estimer — French conjugation

to underestimate

Indicative

Present (Présent) Regular

Use the présent for habits, what is true now, and what is about to happen soon. A single set of endings covers what English often splits into “I speak” and “I am speaking”.

Elle parle arabe et français.

PronounFrenchEnglish
jesous-estimeI underestimate
tusous-estimesyou underestimate
il/ellesous-estimehe/she/it underestimates
noussous-estimonswe underestimate
voussous-estimezyou (pl.) underestimate
ils/ellessous-estimentthey underestimate

Simple past (Passé simple) Regular

The passé simple narrates completed past events in a literary or very formal style. In everyday conversation people use the passé composé instead, so you mostly meet this form in books and journalism.

Ils virent le roi s'approcher.

PronounFrenchEnglish
jesous-estimaiI underestimated
tusous-estimasyou underestimated
il/ellesous-estimahe/she/it underestimated
noussous-estimâmeswe underestimated
voussous-estimâtesyou (pl.) underestimated
ils/ellessous-estimèrentthey underestimated

Imperfect (Imparfait) Regular

The imparfait describes ongoing or repeated past actions and sets the background — how things were, what used to happen, weather, feelings. The passé composé, by contrast, marks single completed events.

Quand j'étais petit, j'allais souvent à la piscine.

PronounFrench
jesous-estimais
tusous-estimais
il/ellesous-estimait
noussous-estimions
voussous-estimiez
ils/ellessous-estimaient

Conditional (Conditionnel) Regular

The conditionnel is for polite questions and requests, “would”-type hypotheticals, and what someone said would happen. It is also the usual consequent clause in si + imparfait → conditionnel patterns.

Pourriez-vous répéter, s'il vous plaît ?

PronounFrenchEnglish
jesous-estimeraisI would underestimate
tusous-estimeraisyou would underestimate
il/ellesous-estimeraithe/she/it would underestimate
noussous-estimerionswe would underestimate
voussous-estimeriezyou (pl.) would underestimate
ils/ellessous-estimeraientthey would underestimate

Future (Futur) Regular

The futur is for future plans and objective predictions. In speech, aller + infinitive is often clearer for the immediate future, while the simple future is common for facts further ahead or in writing.

Demain, nous dînerons chez eux.

PronounFrenchEnglish
jesous-estimeraiI will underestimate
tusous-estimerasyou will underestimate
il/ellesous-estimerahe/she/it will underestimate
noussous-estimeronswe will underestimate
voussous-estimerezyou (pl.) will underestimate
ils/ellessous-estimerontthey will underestimate

Present perfect (Passé composé) Regular

The passé composé is the main spoken past for completed, bounded actions (often with a time adverb). Use avoir with most verbs; être is required for a fixed group of motion/inchange and all pronominal verbs, with participle agreement when necessary.

Elle est venue tôt, puis elle a téléphoné.

PronounFrenchEnglish
jej'ai sous-estiméI have underestimated
tutu as sous-estiméyou have underestimated
il/elleil/elle a sous-estiméhe/she/it has underestimated
nousnous avons sous-estiméwe have underestimated
vousvous avez sous-estiméyou (pl.) have underestimated
ils/ellesils/elles ont sous-estiméthey have underestimated

Pluperfect (Plus-que-parfait) Regular

The plus-que-parfait is the “earlier past”: one action was already over before another past moment. It answers “had already” when a story is anchored in a past time.

Déjà, il avait fini quand je suis arrivé.

PronounFrenchEnglish
jej'avais sous-estiméI had underestimated
tutu avais sous-estiméyou had underestimated
il/elleil/elle avait sous-estiméhe/she/it had underestimated
nousnous avions sous-estiméwe had underestimated
vousvous aviez sous-estiméyou (pl.) had underestimated
ils/ellesils/elles avaient sous-estiméthey had underestimated

Conditional perfect (Conditionnel passé) Regular

The conditionnel passé states what would have been true, plans that failed, and unreal past if-clauses (often with si + plus-que-parfait in the apodose).

J'aurais dit oui, mais c'était impossible.

PronounFrench
jej'aurais sous-estimé
tutu aurais sous-estimé
il/elleil/elle aurait sous-estimé
nousnous aurions sous-estimé
vousvous auriez sous-estimé
ils/ellesils/elles auraient sous-estimé

Future perfect (Futur antérieur) Regular

The futur antérieur marks an action that will be finished before a later future moment (by then I will have…). It can also suggest a conjecture about a recent past fact in formal or literary use.

D'ici samedi, j'aurai lu le rapport.

PronounFrenchEnglish
jej'aurai sous-estiméI will have underestimated
tutu auras sous-estiméyou will have underestimated
il/elleil/elle aura sous-estiméhe/she/it will have underestimated
nousnous aurons sous-estiméwe will have underestimated
vousvous aurez sous-estiméyou (pl.) will have underestimated
ils/ellesils/elles auront sous-estiméthey will have underestimated

Subjunctive

Present subjunctive (Subjonctif présent) Regular

The present subjunctive appears in subordinate clauses after desire, doubt, fear, need, and many impersonals, usually when the subject of the subordinate is different. Learn common triggers: il faut que, je veux que, je doute que…

Il faut qu'il parte avant midi.

PronounFrench
jesous-estime
tusous-estimes
il/ellesous-estime
noussous-estimions
voussous-estimiez
ils/ellessous-estiment

Imperfect subjunctive (Subjonctif imparfait) Regular

The imparfait du subjonctif is a literary and formal past subjunctive. In modern speech, the present subjunctive usually replaces it for the same meaning.

Bien qu'il fût fatigué, il continua.

PronounFrench
jesous-estimasse
tusous-estimasses
il/ellesous-estimât
noussous-estimassions
voussous-estimassiez
ils/ellessous-estimassent

Other forms

Imperative (Impératif) Regular

The imperative is for direct orders and advice to tu, nous, and vous. For many -er verbs, the tu form drops the final -s of the present (parle!); negatives use the subjunctive-like forms in practice.

Fermons la porte, s'il vous plaît !

PronounFrench
tusous-estime
noussous-estimons
voussous-estimez