suffire — French conjugation

to suffice

Frequency#179Irregular

Indicative

Present (Présent) Irregular

Use the présent for habits, what is true now, and what is about to happen soon. A single set of endings covers what English often splits into “I speak” and “I am speaking”.

Elle parle arabe et français.

PronounFrenchEnglish
jesuffisI suffice
tusuffisyou suffice
il/ellesuffithe/she/it suffices
noussuffisonswe suffice
voussuffisezyou (pl.) suffice
ils/ellessuffisentthey suffice

Simple past (Passé simple) Irregular

The passé simple narrates completed past events in a literary or very formal style. In everyday conversation people use the passé composé instead, so you mostly meet this form in books and journalism.

Ils virent le roi s'approcher.

PronounFrenchEnglish
jesuffisI sufficed
tusuffisyou sufficed
il/ellesuffithe/she/it sufficed
noussuffîmeswe sufficed
voussuffîtesyou (pl.) sufficed
ils/ellessuffirentthey sufficed

Imperfect (Imparfait) Irregular

The imparfait describes ongoing or repeated past actions and sets the background — how things were, what used to happen, weather, feelings. The passé composé, by contrast, marks single completed events.

Quand j'étais petit, j'allais souvent à la piscine.

PronounFrench
jesuffisais
tusuffisais
il/ellesuffisait
noussuffisions
voussuffisiez
ils/ellessuffisaient

Conditional (Conditionnel) Regular

The conditionnel is for polite questions and requests, “would”-type hypotheticals, and what someone said would happen. It is also the usual consequent clause in si + imparfait → conditionnel patterns.

Pourriez-vous répéter, s'il vous plaît ?

PronounFrenchEnglish
jesuffiraisI would suffice
tusuffiraisyou would suffice
il/ellesuffiraithe/she/it would suffice
noussuffirionswe would suffice
voussuffiriezyou (pl.) would suffice
ils/ellessuffiraientthey would suffice

Future (Futur) Regular

The futur is for future plans and objective predictions. In speech, aller + infinitive is often clearer for the immediate future, while the simple future is common for facts further ahead or in writing.

Demain, nous dînerons chez eux.

PronounFrenchEnglish
jesuffiraiI will suffice
tusuffirasyou will suffice
il/ellesuffirahe/she/it will suffice
noussuffironswe will suffice
voussuffirezyou (pl.) will suffice
ils/ellessuffirontthey will suffice

Present perfect (Passé composé) Regular

The passé composé is the main spoken past for completed, bounded actions (often with a time adverb). Use avoir with most verbs; être is required for a fixed group of motion/inchange and all pronominal verbs, with participle agreement when necessary.

Elle est venue tôt, puis elle a téléphoné.

PronounFrenchEnglish
jej'ai suffiI have sufficed
tutu as suffiyou have sufficed
il/elleil/elle a suffihe/she/it has sufficed
nousnous avons suffiwe have sufficed
vousvous avez suffiyou (pl.) have sufficed
ils/ellesils/elles ont suffithey have sufficed

Pluperfect (Plus-que-parfait) Regular

The plus-que-parfait is the “earlier past”: one action was already over before another past moment. It answers “had already” when a story is anchored in a past time.

Déjà, il avait fini quand je suis arrivé.

PronounFrenchEnglish
jej'avais suffiI had sufficed
tutu avais suffiyou had sufficed
il/elleil/elle avait suffihe/she/it had sufficed
nousnous avions suffiwe had sufficed
vousvous aviez suffiyou (pl.) had sufficed
ils/ellesils/elles avaient suffithey had sufficed

Conditional perfect (Conditionnel passé) Regular

The conditionnel passé states what would have been true, plans that failed, and unreal past if-clauses (often with si + plus-que-parfait in the apodose).

J'aurais dit oui, mais c'était impossible.

PronounFrench
jej'aurais suffi
tutu aurais suffi
il/elleil/elle aurait suffi
nousnous aurions suffi
vousvous auriez suffi
ils/ellesils/elles auraient suffi

Future perfect (Futur antérieur) Regular

The futur antérieur marks an action that will be finished before a later future moment (by then I will have…). It can also suggest a conjecture about a recent past fact in formal or literary use.

D'ici samedi, j'aurai lu le rapport.

PronounFrenchEnglish
jej'aurai suffiI will have sufficed
tutu auras suffiyou will have sufficed
il/elleil/elle aura suffihe/she/it will have sufficed
nousnous aurons suffiwe will have sufficed
vousvous aurez suffiyou (pl.) will have sufficed
ils/ellesils/elles auront suffithey will have sufficed

Subjunctive

Present subjunctive (Subjonctif présent) Irregular

The present subjunctive appears in subordinate clauses after desire, doubt, fear, need, and many impersonals, usually when the subject of the subordinate is different. Learn common triggers: il faut que, je veux que, je doute que…

Il faut qu'il parte avant midi.

PronounFrench
jesuffise
tusuffises
il/ellesuffise
noussuffisions
voussuffisiez
ils/ellessuffisent

Imperfect subjunctive (Subjonctif imparfait) Regular

The imparfait du subjonctif is a literary and formal past subjunctive. In modern speech, the present subjunctive usually replaces it for the same meaning.

Bien qu'il fût fatigué, il continua.

PronounFrench
jesuffisse
tusuffisses
il/ellesuffît
noussuffissions
voussuffissiez
ils/ellessuffissent

Other forms

Imperative (Impératif) Regular

The imperative is for direct orders and advice to tu, nous, and vous. For many -er verbs, the tu form drops the final -s of the present (parle!); negatives use the subjunctive-like forms in practice.

Fermons la porte, s'il vous plaît !

PronounFrench
tusuffis
noussuffisons
voussuffisez