anstrengen — German conjugation

to exert (oneself)

Frequency#459Regular

Indicative

Present (Präsens) Regular

Präsens is the default present for facts, habits, and near-future plans. German has no continuous aspect in the same way as English, so a single form often covers both “I work” and “I am working” when you add a time adverb or context.

Ich arbeite heute im Homeoffice.

PronounGermanEnglish
ichstrenge anI exert
dustrengst anyou exert
er/sie/esstrengt anhe/she/it exerts
wirstrengen anwe exert
ihrstrengt anyou (pl.) exert
sie/Siestrengen anthey exert

Simple past (Präteritum) Regular

Präteritum is a narrative past, common in print and in northern speech, while southern speakers lean on the perfect in conversation. sein and haben keep their Präteritum even when you otherwise avoid the preterite.

Er war müde, aber er hatte keinen Kaffee mehr.

PronounGermanEnglish
ichstrengte anI exerted
dustrengtest anyou exerted
er/sie/esstrengte anhe/she/it exerted
wirstrengten anwe exerted
ihrstrengtet anyou (pl.) exerted
sie/Siestrengten anthey exerted

Present perfect (Perfekt) Regular

The Perfekt is the everyday past for finished events: auxiliary haben or sein plus participle, with sein for most motion, coming/going, and some change-of-state verbs.

Wir sind rechtzeitig angekommen und haben gefeiert.

PronounGermanEnglish
ichhabe angestrengtI have exerted
duhast angestrengtyou have exerted
er/sie/eshat angestrengthe/she/it has exerted
wirhaben angestrengtwe have exerted
ihrhabt angestrengtyou (pl.) have exerted
sie/Siehaben angestrengtthey have exerted

Pluperfect (Plusquamperfekt) Regular

The Plusquamperfekt is the pluperfect: it marks what had already completed before a later past episode in the same narrative.

Sie war schon gegangen, bevor er ankam.

PronounGermanEnglish
ichhatte angestrengtI had exerted
duhattest angestrengtyou had exerted
er/sie/eshatte angestrengthe/she/it had exerted
wirhatten angestrengtwe had exerted
ihrhattet angestrengtyou (pl.) had exerted
sie/Siehatten angestrengtthey had exerted

Future I (Futur I) Regular

Futur I is for predictions, firm promises, and also probability about the present in colloquial German. Everyday speech very often uses Präsens plus a time expression instead.

Morgen schneit es, sagt der Wetterbericht.

PronounGermanEnglish
ichwerde anstrengenI will exert
duwirst anstrengenyou will exert
er/sie/eswird anstrengenhe/she/it will exert
wirwerden anstrengenwe will exert
ihrwerdet anstrengenyou (pl.) will exert
sie/Siewerden anstrengenthey will exert

Future II (Futur II) Regular

Futur II (werden + participle + haben/sein) names an action that will be completed before a later time, and can also express a guess that something must already have happened.

Bis Freitag werde ich alles gepackt haben.

PronounGermanEnglish
ichwerde angestrengt habenI will have exerted
duwirst angestrengt habenyou will have exerted
er/sie/eswird angestrengt habenhe/she/it will have exerted
wirwerden angestrengt habenwe will have exerted
ihrwerdet angestrengt habenyou (pl.) will have exerted
sie/Siewerden angestrengt habenthey will have exerted

Subjunctive

Subjunctive II (Konjunktiv II) Regular

Konjunktiv II is the mood for politeness, contrary-to-fact if-clauses, and reported views. In speech, würde + infinitive often stands in for rarer preterit-based forms.

Könnten Sie mir bitte helfen?

PronounGerman
ichstrengte an
dustrengtest an
er/sie/esstrengte an
wirstrengten an
ihrstrengtet an
sie/Siestrengten an

Other forms

Imperative (Imperativ) Regular

The imperative uses the du, ihr, and Sie forms of command; the informal du form drops the -st of the present for many strong verbs, and separable-prefix verbs place the prefix at the end.

Mach bitte schnell, der Zug fährt gleich ab.

PronounGerman
dustrenge an
ihrstrengt an