grauen — German conjugation

to be afraid

Frequency#1156Regular

Indicative

Present (Präsens) Regular

Präsens is the default present for facts, habits, and near-future plans. German has no continuous aspect in the same way as English, so a single form often covers both “I work” and “I am working” when you add a time adverb or context.

Ich arbeite heute im Homeoffice.

PronounGermanEnglish
ichgraueI am afraid
dugraustyou are afraid
er/sie/esgrauthe/she/it is afraid
wirgrauenwe are afraid
ihrgrautyou (pl.) are afraid
sie/Siegrauenthey are afraid

Simple past (Präteritum) Regular

Präteritum is a narrative past, common in print and in northern speech, while southern speakers lean on the perfect in conversation. sein and haben keep their Präteritum even when you otherwise avoid the preterite.

Er war müde, aber er hatte keinen Kaffee mehr.

PronounGermanEnglish
ichgrauteI was afraid
dugrautestyou were afraid
er/sie/esgrautehe/she/it was afraid
wirgrautenwe were afraid
ihrgrautetyou (pl.) were afraid
sie/Siegrautenthey were afraid

Present perfect (Perfekt) Regular

The Perfekt is the everyday past for finished events: auxiliary haben or sein plus participle, with sein for most motion, coming/going, and some change-of-state verbs.

Wir sind rechtzeitig angekommen und haben gefeiert.

PronounGermanEnglish
ichhabe gegrautI have been afraid
duhast gegrautyou have been afraid
er/sie/eshat gegrauthe/she/it has been afraid
wirhaben gegrautwe have been afraid
ihrhabt gegrautyou (pl.) have been afraid
sie/Siehaben gegrautthey have been afraid

Pluperfect (Plusquamperfekt) Regular

The Plusquamperfekt is the pluperfect: it marks what had already completed before a later past episode in the same narrative.

Sie war schon gegangen, bevor er ankam.

PronounGermanEnglish
ichhatte gegrautI had been afraid
duhattest gegrautyou had been afraid
er/sie/eshatte gegrauthe/she/it had been afraid
wirhatten gegrautwe had been afraid
ihrhattet gegrautyou (pl.) had been afraid
sie/Siehatten gegrautthey had been afraid

Future I (Futur I) Regular

Futur I is for predictions, firm promises, and also probability about the present in colloquial German. Everyday speech very often uses Präsens plus a time expression instead.

Morgen schneit es, sagt der Wetterbericht.

PronounGermanEnglish
ichwerde grauenI will be afraid
duwirst grauenyou will be afraid
er/sie/eswird grauenhe/she/it will be afraid
wirwerden grauenwe will be afraid
ihrwerdet grauenyou (pl.) will be afraid
sie/Siewerden grauenthey will be afraid

Future II (Futur II) Regular

Futur II (werden + participle + haben/sein) names an action that will be completed before a later time, and can also express a guess that something must already have happened.

Bis Freitag werde ich alles gepackt haben.

PronounGermanEnglish
ichwerde gegraut habenI will have been afraid
duwirst gegraut habenyou will have been afraid
er/sie/eswird gegraut habenhe/she/it will have been afraid
wirwerden gegraut habenwe will have been afraid
ihrwerdet gegraut habenyou (pl.) will have been afraid
sie/Siewerden gegraut habenthey will have been afraid

Subjunctive

Subjunctive II (Konjunktiv II) Regular

Konjunktiv II is the mood for politeness, contrary-to-fact if-clauses, and reported views. In speech, würde + infinitive often stands in for rarer preterit-based forms.

Könnten Sie mir bitte helfen?

PronounGerman
ichgraute
dugrautest
er/sie/esgraute
wirgrauten
ihrgrautet
sie/Siegrauten

Other forms

Imperative (Imperativ) Regular

The imperative uses the du, ihr, and Sie forms of command; the informal du form drops the -st of the present for many strong verbs, and separable-prefix verbs place the prefix at the end.

Mach bitte schnell, der Zug fährt gleich ab.

PronounGerman
dugraue
ihrgraut