klingen — German conjugation

to sound

Frequency#264Irregular

Indicative

Present (Präsens) Irregular

Präsens is the default present for facts, habits, and near-future plans. German has no continuous aspect in the same way as English, so a single form often covers both “I work” and “I am working” when you add a time adverb or context.

Ich arbeite heute im Homeoffice.

PronounGermanEnglish
ichklingeI sound
duklingstyou sound
er/sie/esklingthe/she/it sounds
wirklingenwe sound
ihrklingtyou (pl.) sound
sie/Sieklingenthey sound

Simple past (Präteritum) Irregular

Präteritum is a narrative past, common in print and in northern speech, while southern speakers lean on the perfect in conversation. sein and haben keep their Präteritum even when you otherwise avoid the preterite.

Er war müde, aber er hatte keinen Kaffee mehr.

PronounGermanEnglish
ichklangI sounded
duklangstyou sounded
er/sie/esklanghe/she/it sounded
wirklangenwe sounded
ihrklangtyou (pl.) sounded
sie/Sieklangenthey sounded

Present perfect (Perfekt) Irregular

The Perfekt is the everyday past for finished events: auxiliary haben or sein plus participle, with sein for most motion, coming/going, and some change-of-state verbs.

Wir sind rechtzeitig angekommen und haben gefeiert.

PronounGermanEnglish
ichhabe geklungenI have sounded
duhast geklungenyou have sounded
er/sie/eshat geklungenhe/she/it has sounded
wirhaben geklungenwe have sounded
ihrhabt geklungenyou (pl.) have sounded
sie/Siehaben geklungenthey have sounded

Pluperfect (Plusquamperfekt) Irregular

The Plusquamperfekt is the pluperfect: it marks what had already completed before a later past episode in the same narrative.

Sie war schon gegangen, bevor er ankam.

PronounGermanEnglish
ichhatte geklungenI had sounded
duhattest geklungenyou had sounded
er/sie/eshatte geklungenhe/she/it had sounded
wirhatten geklungenwe had sounded
ihrhattet geklungenyou (pl.) had sounded
sie/Siehatten geklungenthey had sounded

Future I (Futur I) Irregular

Futur I is for predictions, firm promises, and also probability about the present in colloquial German. Everyday speech very often uses Präsens plus a time expression instead.

Morgen schneit es, sagt der Wetterbericht.

PronounGermanEnglish
ichwerde klingenI will sound
duwirst klingenyou will sound
er/sie/eswird klingenhe/she/it will sound
wirwerden klingenwe will sound
ihrwerdet klingenyou (pl.) will sound
sie/Siewerden klingenthey will sound

Future II (Futur II) Irregular

Futur II (werden + participle + haben/sein) names an action that will be completed before a later time, and can also express a guess that something must already have happened.

Bis Freitag werde ich alles gepackt haben.

PronounGermanEnglish
ichwerde geklungen habenI will have sounded
duwirst geklungen habenyou will have sounded
er/sie/eswird geklungen habenhe/she/it will have sounded
wirwerden geklungen habenwe will have sounded
ihrwerdet geklungen habenyou (pl.) will have sounded
sie/Siewerden geklungen habenthey will have sounded

Subjunctive

Subjunctive II (Konjunktiv II) Irregular

Konjunktiv II is the mood for politeness, contrary-to-fact if-clauses, and reported views. In speech, würde + infinitive often stands in for rarer preterit-based forms.

Könnten Sie mir bitte helfen?

PronounGerman
ichklänge
duklängest
er/sie/esklänge
wirklängen
ihrklänget
sie/Sieklängen

Other forms

Imperative (Imperativ) Irregular

The imperative uses the du, ihr, and Sie forms of command; the informal du form drops the -st of the present for many strong verbs, and separable-prefix verbs place the prefix at the end.

Mach bitte schnell, der Zug fährt gleich ab.

PronounGerman
duklinge
ihrklingt