applicare — Italian conjugation
to apply, to put, to stick, to spread
Indicative
Present (Presente) Irregular
The presente covers habits, ongoing situations, and plans about to start — much like English “I study” and “I am studying”. One present tense does both in Italian.
Lavora da casa tre giorni a settimana.
| Pronoun | Italian | English |
|---|---|---|
| io | applico | I apply |
| tu | applichi | you apply |
| lui/lei | applica | he/she/it applies |
| noi | applichiamo | we apply |
| voi | applicate | you (pl.) apply |
| loro | applicano | they apply |
Simple past (Passato remoto) Regular
The passato remoto tells a completed, narrative past, especially in the south and in literature. The passato prossimo is the normal spoken past in the north, so you choose register and region, not a difference in time alone.
Quella sera arrivò tardi, senza alibi.
| Pronoun | Italian | English |
|---|---|---|
| io | applicai | I applied |
| tu | applicasti | you applied |
| lui/lei | applicò | he/she/it applied |
| noi | applicammo | we applied |
| voi | applicaste | you (pl.) applied |
| loro | applicarono | they applied |
Imperfect (Imperfetto) Regular
The imperfetto is for incomplete past actions, context, and repeated or habitual situations without a clear end. The passato prossimo, not the remoto, is its usual “event” partner in speech.
Da bambina passavo le estati al mare.
| Pronoun | Italian |
|---|---|
| io | applicavo |
| tu | applicavi |
| lui/lei | applicava |
| noi | applicavamo |
| voi | applicavate |
| loro | applicavano |
Conditional (Condizionale) Regular
The condizionale is for polite “would you…”, first-condition hypotheticals, and reported future from a past point of view. The classic if-chain is se + imperfetto → condizionale.
Potresti alzare un poco la voce?
| Pronoun | Italian | English |
|---|---|---|
| io | applicherei | I would apply |
| tu | applicheresti | you would apply |
| lui/lei | applicherebbe | he/she/it would apply |
| noi | applicheremmo | we would apply |
| voi | applichereste | you (pl.) would apply |
| loro | applicherebbero | they would apply |
Future (Futuro semplice) Irregular
The futuro semplice is for predictions and far decisions. In speech you often hear the present (with a time adverb) or a paraphrase, and a famous trick is the futuro di probabilità for a present guess: saranno le tre.
Domani partiremo all'alba.
| Pronoun | Italian | English |
|---|---|---|
| io | applicherò | I will apply |
| tu | applicherai | you will apply |
| lui/lei | applicherà | he/she/it will apply |
| noi | applicheremo | we will apply |
| voi | applicherete | you (pl.) will apply |
| loro | applicheranno | they will apply |
Present perfect (Passato prossimo) Regular
The passato prossimo is the workhorse preterit-like past in the north and in everyday Italian: avere/essere + participle, essere for reflexives, motion, and other change-of-state patterns.
Siamo andati a piedi, poi abbiamo preso l'autobus.
| Pronoun | Italian | English |
|---|---|---|
| io | ho applicato | I have applied |
| tu | hai applicato | you have applied |
| lui/lei | ha applicato | he/she/it has applied |
| noi | abbiamo applicato | we have applied |
| voi | avete applicato | you (pl.) have applied |
| loro | hanno applicato | they have applied |
Pluperfect (Trapassato prossimo) Regular
The trapassato prossimo is “further in the past than another past” — the Italian pluperfect. It pairs with a main past clause to mark sequence.
Avevamo già mangiato quando suonò il telefono.
| Pronoun | Italian | English |
|---|---|---|
| io | avevo applicato | I had applied |
| tu | avevi applicato | you had applied |
| lui/lei | aveva applicato | he/she/it had applied |
| noi | avevamo applicato | we had applied |
| voi | avevate applicato | you (pl.) had applied |
| loro | avevano applicato | they had applied |
Conditional perfect (Condizionale passato) Regular
The condizionale passato is for unreal or missed past results and often appears with se + trapassato prossimo in the protasis.
Avrei accettato, se mi avessero avvisato in tempo.
| Pronoun | Italian |
|---|---|
| io | avrei applicato |
| tu | avresti applicato |
| lui/lei | avrebbe applicato |
| noi | avremmo applicato |
| voi | avreste applicato |
| loro | avrebbero applicato |
Future perfect (Futuro anteriore) Regular
The futuro anteriore says something will already be over before a still-later future, or, like the French, can express a logical guess about a past result.
Entro le cinque, avrà già lasciato l'ufficio.
| Pronoun | Italian | English |
|---|---|---|
| io | avrò applicato | I will have applied |
| tu | avrai applicato | you will have applied |
| lui/lei | avrà applicato | he/she/it will have applied |
| noi | avremo applicato | we will have applied |
| voi | avrete applicato | you (pl.) will have applied |
| loro | avranno applicato | they will have applied |
Subjunctive
Present subjunctive (Congiuntivo presente) Irregular
The congiuntivo presente is required after many verbs and fixed phrases of will, fear, purpose, and doubt. Impersonal and semi-impersonal triggers (è importante che) also force the subjunctive mood.
Penso che sia la scelta giusta.
| Pronoun | Italian |
|---|---|
| io | applichi |
| tu | applichi |
| lui/lei | applichi |
| noi | applichiamo |
| voi | applichiate |
| loro | applichino |
Imperfect subjunctive (Congiuntivo imperfetto) Regular
The congiuntivo imperfetto is the past of the congiuntivo system after a past matrix clause and in se + congi. imperf. → condizionale with unreal conditions.
Se avessi più tempo, viaggerei ogni mese.
| Pronoun | Italian |
|---|---|
| io | applicassi |
| tu | applicassi |
| lui/lei | applicasse |
| noi | applicassimo |
| voi | applicaste |
| loro | applicassero |
Other forms
Imperative (affirmative) (Imperativo) Irregular
The affirmative imperativo reuses the tu form as 3sg for -are verbs, while other conjugations use the normal tu present. It is the direct command register.
Raccontami com'è andata l'esame.
| Pronoun | Italian |
|---|---|
| tu | applica |
| lui/lei | applichi |
| noi | applichiamo |
| voi | applicate |
| loro | applichino |
Imperative (negative) (Imperativo negativo) Irregular
Negative commands use non + full infinitive in modern Italian, which is a distinctive rule compared to other Romance languages. Polite or indirect “please don’t” can still soften the tone in context.
Non aprire quella finestra, per favore.
| Pronoun | Italian |
|---|---|
| tu | non applicare |
| lui/lei | non applichi |
| noi | non applichiamo |
| voi | non applicate |
| loro | non applichino |