buttare — Italian conjugation
to throw
Indicative
Present (Presente) Regular
The presente covers habits, ongoing situations, and plans about to start — much like English “I study” and “I am studying”. One present tense does both in Italian.
Lavora da casa tre giorni a settimana.
| Pronoun | Italian | English |
|---|---|---|
| io | butto | I throw |
| tu | butti | you throw |
| lui/lei | butta | he/she/it throws |
| noi | buttiamo | we throw |
| voi | buttate | you (pl.) throw |
| loro | buttano | they throw |
Simple past (Passato remoto) Regular
The passato remoto tells a completed, narrative past, especially in the south and in literature. The passato prossimo is the normal spoken past in the north, so you choose register and region, not a difference in time alone.
Quella sera arrivò tardi, senza alibi.
| Pronoun | Italian | English |
|---|---|---|
| io | buttai | I threw |
| tu | buttasti | you threw |
| lui/lei | buttò | he/she/it threw |
| noi | buttammo | we threw |
| voi | buttaste | you (pl.) threw |
| loro | buttarono | they threw |
Imperfect (Imperfetto) Regular
The imperfetto is for incomplete past actions, context, and repeated or habitual situations without a clear end. The passato prossimo, not the remoto, is its usual “event” partner in speech.
Da bambina passavo le estati al mare.
| Pronoun | Italian |
|---|---|
| io | buttavo |
| tu | buttavi |
| lui/lei | buttava |
| noi | buttavamo |
| voi | buttavate |
| loro | buttavano |
Conditional (Condizionale) Regular
The condizionale is for polite “would you…”, first-condition hypotheticals, and reported future from a past point of view. The classic if-chain is se + imperfetto → condizionale.
Potresti alzare un poco la voce?
| Pronoun | Italian | English |
|---|---|---|
| io | butterei | I would throw |
| tu | butteresti | you would throw |
| lui/lei | butterebbe | he/she/it would throw |
| noi | butteremmo | we would throw |
| voi | buttereste | you (pl.) would throw |
| loro | butterebbero | they would throw |
Future (Futuro semplice) Regular
The futuro semplice is for predictions and far decisions. In speech you often hear the present (with a time adverb) or a paraphrase, and a famous trick is the futuro di probabilità for a present guess: saranno le tre.
Domani partiremo all'alba.
| Pronoun | Italian | English |
|---|---|---|
| io | butterò | I will throw |
| tu | butterai | you will throw |
| lui/lei | butterà | he/she/it will throw |
| noi | butteremo | we will throw |
| voi | butterete | you (pl.) will throw |
| loro | butteranno | they will throw |
Present perfect (Passato prossimo) Regular
The passato prossimo is the workhorse preterit-like past in the north and in everyday Italian: avere/essere + participle, essere for reflexives, motion, and other change-of-state patterns.
Siamo andati a piedi, poi abbiamo preso l'autobus.
| Pronoun | Italian | English |
|---|---|---|
| io | ho buttato | I have thrown |
| tu | hai buttato | you have thrown |
| lui/lei | ha buttato | he/she/it has thrown |
| noi | abbiamo buttato | we have thrown |
| voi | avete buttato | you (pl.) have thrown |
| loro | hanno buttato | they have thrown |
Pluperfect (Trapassato prossimo) Regular
The trapassato prossimo is “further in the past than another past” — the Italian pluperfect. It pairs with a main past clause to mark sequence.
Avevamo già mangiato quando suonò il telefono.
| Pronoun | Italian | English |
|---|---|---|
| io | avevo buttato | I had thrown |
| tu | avevi buttato | you had thrown |
| lui/lei | aveva buttato | he/she/it had thrown |
| noi | avevamo buttato | we had thrown |
| voi | avevate buttato | you (pl.) had thrown |
| loro | avevano buttato | they had thrown |
Conditional perfect (Condizionale passato) Regular
The condizionale passato is for unreal or missed past results and often appears with se + trapassato prossimo in the protasis.
Avrei accettato, se mi avessero avvisato in tempo.
| Pronoun | Italian |
|---|---|
| io | avrei buttato |
| tu | avresti buttato |
| lui/lei | avrebbe buttato |
| noi | avremmo buttato |
| voi | avreste buttato |
| loro | avrebbero buttato |
Future perfect (Futuro anteriore) Regular
The futuro anteriore says something will already be over before a still-later future, or, like the French, can express a logical guess about a past result.
Entro le cinque, avrà già lasciato l'ufficio.
| Pronoun | Italian | English |
|---|---|---|
| io | avrò buttato | I will have thrown |
| tu | avrai buttato | you will have thrown |
| lui/lei | avrà buttato | he/she/it will have thrown |
| noi | avremo buttato | we will have thrown |
| voi | avrete buttato | you (pl.) will have thrown |
| loro | avranno buttato | they will have thrown |
Subjunctive
Present subjunctive (Congiuntivo presente) Regular
The congiuntivo presente is required after many verbs and fixed phrases of will, fear, purpose, and doubt. Impersonal and semi-impersonal triggers (è importante che) also force the subjunctive mood.
Penso che sia la scelta giusta.
| Pronoun | Italian |
|---|---|
| io | butti |
| tu | butti |
| lui/lei | butti |
| noi | buttiamo |
| voi | buttiate |
| loro | buttino |
Imperfect subjunctive (Congiuntivo imperfetto) Regular
The congiuntivo imperfetto is the past of the congiuntivo system after a past matrix clause and in se + congi. imperf. → condizionale with unreal conditions.
Se avessi più tempo, viaggerei ogni mese.
| Pronoun | Italian |
|---|---|
| io | buttassi |
| tu | buttassi |
| lui/lei | buttasse |
| noi | buttassimo |
| voi | buttaste |
| loro | buttassero |
Other forms
Imperative (affirmative) (Imperativo) Regular
The affirmative imperativo reuses the tu form as 3sg for -are verbs, while other conjugations use the normal tu present. It is the direct command register.
Raccontami com'è andata l'esame.
| Pronoun | Italian |
|---|---|
| tu | butta |
| lui/lei | butti |
| noi | buttiamo |
| voi | buttate |
| loro | buttino |
Imperative (negative) (Imperativo negativo) Regular
Negative commands use non + full infinitive in modern Italian, which is a distinctive rule compared to other Romance languages. Polite or indirect “please don’t” can still soften the tone in context.
Non aprire quella finestra, per favore.
| Pronoun | Italian |
|---|---|
| tu | non buttare |
| lui/lei | non butti |
| noi | non buttiamo |
| voi | non buttate |
| loro | non buttino |