crescere — Italian conjugation

to grow

Frequency#140IrregularAuxiliaryessere

Indicative

Present (Presente) Regular

The presente covers habits, ongoing situations, and plans about to start — much like English “I study” and “I am studying”. One present tense does both in Italian.

Lavora da casa tre giorni a settimana.

PronounItalianEnglish
iocrescoI grow
tucresciyou grow
lui/leicrescehe/she/it grows
noicresciamowe grow
voicresceteyou (pl.) grow
lorocresconothey grow

Simple past (Passato remoto) Irregular

The passato remoto tells a completed, narrative past, especially in the south and in literature. The passato prossimo is the normal spoken past in the north, so you choose register and region, not a difference in time alone.

Quella sera arrivò tardi, senza alibi.

PronounItalianEnglish
iocrebbiI grew
tucrescestiyou grew
lui/leicrebbehe/she/it grew
noicrescemmowe grew
voicrescesteyou (pl.) grew
lorocrebberothey grew

Imperfect (Imperfetto) Regular

The imperfetto is for incomplete past actions, context, and repeated or habitual situations without a clear end. The passato prossimo, not the remoto, is its usual “event” partner in speech.

Da bambina passavo le estati al mare.

PronounItalian
iocrescevo
tucrescevi
lui/leicresceva
noicrescevamo
voicrescevate
lorocrescevano

Conditional (Condizionale) Regular

The condizionale is for polite “would you…”, first-condition hypotheticals, and reported future from a past point of view. The classic if-chain is se + imperfetto → condizionale.

Potresti alzare un poco la voce?

PronounItalianEnglish
iocrescereiI would grow
tucrescerestiyou would grow
lui/leicrescerebbehe/she/it would grow
noicresceremmowe would grow
voicresceresteyou (pl.) would grow
lorocrescerebberothey would grow

Future (Futuro semplice) Regular

The futuro semplice is for predictions and far decisions. In speech you often hear the present (with a time adverb) or a paraphrase, and a famous trick is the futuro di probabilità for a present guess: saranno le tre.

Domani partiremo all'alba.

PronounItalianEnglish
iocresceròI will grow
tucresceraiyou will grow
lui/leicresceràhe/she/it will grow
noicresceremowe will grow
voicrescereteyou (pl.) will grow
lorocrescerannothey will grow

Present perfect (Passato prossimo) Regular

The passato prossimo is the workhorse preterit-like past in the north and in everyday Italian: avere/essere + participle, essere for reflexives, motion, and other change-of-state patterns.

Siamo andati a piedi, poi abbiamo preso l'autobus.

PronounItalianEnglish
iosono cresciuto/aI have grown
tusei cresciuto/ayou have grown
lui/leiè cresciuto/ahe/she/it has grown
noisiamo cresciuti/ewe have grown
voisiete cresciuti/eyou (pl.) have grown
lorosono cresciuti/ethey have grown

Pluperfect (Trapassato prossimo) Regular

The trapassato prossimo is “further in the past than another past” — the Italian pluperfect. It pairs with a main past clause to mark sequence.

Avevamo già mangiato quando suonò il telefono.

PronounItalianEnglish
ioero cresciuto/aI had grown
tueri cresciuto/ayou had grown
lui/leiera cresciuto/ahe/she/it had grown
noieravamo cresciuti/ewe had grown
voieravate cresciuti/eyou (pl.) had grown
loroerano cresciuti/ethey had grown

Conditional perfect (Condizionale passato) Regular

The condizionale passato is for unreal or missed past results and often appears with se + trapassato prossimo in the protasis.

Avrei accettato, se mi avessero avvisato in tempo.

PronounItalian
iosarei cresciuto/a
tusaresti cresciuto/a
lui/leisarebbe cresciuto/a
noisaremmo cresciuti/e
voisareste cresciuti/e
lorosarebbero cresciuti/e

Future perfect (Futuro anteriore) Regular

The futuro anteriore says something will already be over before a still-later future, or, like the French, can express a logical guess about a past result.

Entro le cinque, avrà già lasciato l'ufficio.

PronounItalianEnglish
iosarò cresciuto/aI will have grown
tusarai cresciuto/ayou will have grown
lui/leisarà cresciuto/ahe/she/it will have grown
noisaremo cresciuti/ewe will have grown
voisarete cresciuti/eyou (pl.) will have grown
lorosaranno cresciuti/ethey will have grown

Subjunctive

Present subjunctive (Congiuntivo presente) Regular

The congiuntivo presente is required after many verbs and fixed phrases of will, fear, purpose, and doubt. Impersonal and semi-impersonal triggers (è importante che) also force the subjunctive mood.

Penso che sia la scelta giusta.

PronounItalian
iocresca
tucresca
lui/leicresca
noicresciamo
voicresciate
lorocrescano

Imperfect subjunctive (Congiuntivo imperfetto) Regular

The congiuntivo imperfetto is the past of the congiuntivo system after a past matrix clause and in se + congi. imperf. → condizionale with unreal conditions.

Se avessi più tempo, viaggerei ogni mese.

PronounItalian
iocrescessi
tucrescessi
lui/leicrescesse
noicrescessimo
voicresceste
lorocrescessero

Other forms

Imperative (affirmative) (Imperativo) Regular

The affirmative imperativo reuses the tu form as 3sg for -are verbs, while other conjugations use the normal tu present. It is the direct command register.

Raccontami com'è andata l'esame.

PronounItalian
tucresci
lui/leicresca
noicresciamo
voicrescete
lorocrescano

Imperative (negative) (Imperativo negativo) Regular

Negative commands use non + full infinitive in modern Italian, which is a distinctive rule compared to other Romance languages. Polite or indirect “please don’t” can still soften the tone in context.

Non aprire quella finestra, per favore.

PronounItalian
tunon crescere
lui/leinon cresca
noinon cresciamo
voinon crescete
loronon crescano