estorcere — Italian conjugation
to extort (something) (from someone)
Indicative
Present (Presente) Regular
The presente covers habits, ongoing situations, and plans about to start — much like English “I study” and “I am studying”. One present tense does both in Italian.
Lavora da casa tre giorni a settimana.
| Pronoun | Italian | English |
|---|---|---|
| io | estorco | I extort |
| tu | estorci | you extort |
| lui/lei | estorce | he/she/it extorts |
| noi | estorciamo | we extort |
| voi | estorcete | you (pl.) extort |
| loro | estorcono | they extort |
Simple past (Passato remoto) Regular
The passato remoto tells a completed, narrative past, especially in the south and in literature. The passato prossimo is the normal spoken past in the north, so you choose register and region, not a difference in time alone.
Quella sera arrivò tardi, senza alibi.
| Pronoun | Italian | English |
|---|---|---|
| io | estorsi | I extorted |
| tu | estorcesti | you extorted |
| lui/lei | estorse | he/she/it extorted |
| noi | estorcemmo | we extorted |
| voi | estorceste | you (pl.) extorted |
| loro | estorsero | they extorted |
Imperfect (Imperfetto) Regular
The imperfetto is for incomplete past actions, context, and repeated or habitual situations without a clear end. The passato prossimo, not the remoto, is its usual “event” partner in speech.
Da bambina passavo le estati al mare.
| Pronoun | Italian |
|---|---|
| io | estorcevo |
| tu | estorcevi |
| lui/lei | estorceva |
| noi | estorcevamo |
| voi | estorcevate |
| loro | estorcevano |
Conditional (Condizionale) Regular
The condizionale is for polite “would you…”, first-condition hypotheticals, and reported future from a past point of view. The classic if-chain is se + imperfetto → condizionale.
Potresti alzare un poco la voce?
| Pronoun | Italian | English |
|---|---|---|
| io | estorcerei | I would extort |
| tu | estorceresti | you would extort |
| lui/lei | estorcerebbe | he/she/it would extort |
| noi | estorceremmo | we would extort |
| voi | estorcereste | you (pl.) would extort |
| loro | estorcerebbero | they would extort |
Future (Futuro semplice) Regular
The futuro semplice is for predictions and far decisions. In speech you often hear the present (with a time adverb) or a paraphrase, and a famous trick is the futuro di probabilità for a present guess: saranno le tre.
Domani partiremo all'alba.
| Pronoun | Italian | English |
|---|---|---|
| io | estorcerò | I will extort |
| tu | estorcerai | you will extort |
| lui/lei | estorcerà | he/she/it will extort |
| noi | estorceremo | we will extort |
| voi | estorcerete | you (pl.) will extort |
| loro | estorceranno | they will extort |
Present perfect (Passato prossimo) Regular
The passato prossimo is the workhorse preterit-like past in the north and in everyday Italian: avere/essere + participle, essere for reflexives, motion, and other change-of-state patterns.
Siamo andati a piedi, poi abbiamo preso l'autobus.
| Pronoun | Italian | English |
|---|---|---|
| io | ho estorto | I have extorted |
| tu | hai estorto | you have extorted |
| lui/lei | ha estorto | he/she/it has extorted |
| noi | abbiamo estorto | we have extorted |
| voi | avete estorto | you (pl.) have extorted |
| loro | hanno estorto | they have extorted |
Pluperfect (Trapassato prossimo) Regular
The trapassato prossimo is “further in the past than another past” — the Italian pluperfect. It pairs with a main past clause to mark sequence.
Avevamo già mangiato quando suonò il telefono.
| Pronoun | Italian | English |
|---|---|---|
| io | avevo estorto | I had extorted |
| tu | avevi estorto | you had extorted |
| lui/lei | aveva estorto | he/she/it had extorted |
| noi | avevamo estorto | we had extorted |
| voi | avevate estorto | you (pl.) had extorted |
| loro | avevano estorto | they had extorted |
Conditional perfect (Condizionale passato) Regular
The condizionale passato is for unreal or missed past results and often appears with se + trapassato prossimo in the protasis.
Avrei accettato, se mi avessero avvisato in tempo.
| Pronoun | Italian |
|---|---|
| io | avrei estorto |
| tu | avresti estorto |
| lui/lei | avrebbe estorto |
| noi | avremmo estorto |
| voi | avreste estorto |
| loro | avrebbero estorto |
Future perfect (Futuro anteriore) Regular
The futuro anteriore says something will already be over before a still-later future, or, like the French, can express a logical guess about a past result.
Entro le cinque, avrà già lasciato l'ufficio.
| Pronoun | Italian | English |
|---|---|---|
| io | avrò estorto | I will have extorted |
| tu | avrai estorto | you will have extorted |
| lui/lei | avrà estorto | he/she/it will have extorted |
| noi | avremo estorto | we will have extorted |
| voi | avrete estorto | you (pl.) will have extorted |
| loro | avranno estorto | they will have extorted |
Subjunctive
Present subjunctive (Congiuntivo presente) Regular
The congiuntivo presente is required after many verbs and fixed phrases of will, fear, purpose, and doubt. Impersonal and semi-impersonal triggers (è importante che) also force the subjunctive mood.
Penso che sia la scelta giusta.
| Pronoun | Italian |
|---|---|
| io | estorca |
| tu | estorca |
| lui/lei | estorca |
| noi | estorciamo |
| voi | estorciate |
| loro | estorcano |
Imperfect subjunctive (Congiuntivo imperfetto) Regular
The congiuntivo imperfetto is the past of the congiuntivo system after a past matrix clause and in se + congi. imperf. → condizionale with unreal conditions.
Se avessi più tempo, viaggerei ogni mese.
| Pronoun | Italian |
|---|---|
| io | estorcessi |
| tu | estorcessi |
| lui/lei | estorcesse |
| noi | estorcessimo |
| voi | estorceste |
| loro | estorcessero |
Other forms
Imperative (affirmative) (Imperativo) Regular
The affirmative imperativo reuses the tu form as 3sg for -are verbs, while other conjugations use the normal tu present. It is the direct command register.
Raccontami com'è andata l'esame.
| Pronoun | Italian |
|---|---|
| tu | estorci |
| lui/lei | estorca |
| noi | estorciamo |
| voi | estorcete |
| loro | estorcano |
Imperative (negative) (Imperativo negativo) Regular
Negative commands use non + full infinitive in modern Italian, which is a distinctive rule compared to other Romance languages. Polite or indirect “please don’t” can still soften the tone in context.
Non aprire quella finestra, per favore.
| Pronoun | Italian |
|---|---|
| tu | non estorcere |
| lui/lei | non estorca |
| noi | non estorciamo |
| voi | non estorcete |
| loro | non estorcano |