infrangere — Italian conjugation
to infringe
Indicative
Present (Presente) Regular
The presente covers habits, ongoing situations, and plans about to start — much like English “I study” and “I am studying”. One present tense does both in Italian.
Lavora da casa tre giorni a settimana.
| Pronoun | Italian | English |
|---|---|---|
| io | infrango | I infringe |
| tu | infrangi | you infringe |
| lui/lei | infrange | he/she/it infringes |
| noi | infrangiamo | we infringe |
| voi | infrangete | you (pl.) infringe |
| loro | infrangono | they infringe |
Simple past (Passato remoto) Irregular
The passato remoto tells a completed, narrative past, especially in the south and in literature. The passato prossimo is the normal spoken past in the north, so you choose register and region, not a difference in time alone.
Quella sera arrivò tardi, senza alibi.
| Pronoun | Italian | English |
|---|---|---|
| io | infransi | I infringed |
| tu | infrangesti | you infringed |
| lui/lei | infranse | he/she/it infringed |
| noi | infrangemmo | we infringed |
| voi | infrangeste | you (pl.) infringed |
| loro | infransero | they infringed |
Imperfect (Imperfetto) Regular
The imperfetto is for incomplete past actions, context, and repeated or habitual situations without a clear end. The passato prossimo, not the remoto, is its usual “event” partner in speech.
Da bambina passavo le estati al mare.
| Pronoun | Italian |
|---|---|
| io | infrangevo |
| tu | infrangevi |
| lui/lei | infrangeva |
| noi | infrangevamo |
| voi | infrangevate |
| loro | infrangevano |
Conditional (Condizionale) Regular
The condizionale is for polite “would you…”, first-condition hypotheticals, and reported future from a past point of view. The classic if-chain is se + imperfetto → condizionale.
Potresti alzare un poco la voce?
| Pronoun | Italian | English |
|---|---|---|
| io | infrangerei | I would infringe |
| tu | infrangeresti | you would infringe |
| lui/lei | infrangerebbe | he/she/it would infringe |
| noi | infrangeremmo | we would infringe |
| voi | infrangereste | you (pl.) would infringe |
| loro | infrangerebbero | they would infringe |
Future (Futuro semplice) Regular
The futuro semplice is for predictions and far decisions. In speech you often hear the present (with a time adverb) or a paraphrase, and a famous trick is the futuro di probabilità for a present guess: saranno le tre.
Domani partiremo all'alba.
| Pronoun | Italian | English |
|---|---|---|
| io | infrangerò | I will infringe |
| tu | infrangerai | you will infringe |
| lui/lei | infrangerà | he/she/it will infringe |
| noi | infrangeremo | we will infringe |
| voi | infrangerete | you (pl.) will infringe |
| loro | infrangeranno | they will infringe |
Present perfect (Passato prossimo) Regular
The passato prossimo is the workhorse preterit-like past in the north and in everyday Italian: avere/essere + participle, essere for reflexives, motion, and other change-of-state patterns.
Siamo andati a piedi, poi abbiamo preso l'autobus.
| Pronoun | Italian | English |
|---|---|---|
| io | ho infranto | I have infringed |
| tu | hai infranto | you have infringed |
| lui/lei | ha infranto | he/she/it has infringed |
| noi | abbiamo infranto | we have infringed |
| voi | avete infranto | you (pl.) have infringed |
| loro | hanno infranto | they have infringed |
Pluperfect (Trapassato prossimo) Regular
The trapassato prossimo is “further in the past than another past” — the Italian pluperfect. It pairs with a main past clause to mark sequence.
Avevamo già mangiato quando suonò il telefono.
| Pronoun | Italian | English |
|---|---|---|
| io | avevo infranto | I had infringed |
| tu | avevi infranto | you had infringed |
| lui/lei | aveva infranto | he/she/it had infringed |
| noi | avevamo infranto | we had infringed |
| voi | avevate infranto | you (pl.) had infringed |
| loro | avevano infranto | they had infringed |
Conditional perfect (Condizionale passato) Regular
The condizionale passato is for unreal or missed past results and often appears with se + trapassato prossimo in the protasis.
Avrei accettato, se mi avessero avvisato in tempo.
| Pronoun | Italian |
|---|---|
| io | avrei infranto |
| tu | avresti infranto |
| lui/lei | avrebbe infranto |
| noi | avremmo infranto |
| voi | avreste infranto |
| loro | avrebbero infranto |
Future perfect (Futuro anteriore) Regular
The futuro anteriore says something will already be over before a still-later future, or, like the French, can express a logical guess about a past result.
Entro le cinque, avrà già lasciato l'ufficio.
| Pronoun | Italian | English |
|---|---|---|
| io | avrò infranto | I will have infringed |
| tu | avrai infranto | you will have infringed |
| lui/lei | avrà infranto | he/she/it will have infringed |
| noi | avremo infranto | we will have infringed |
| voi | avrete infranto | you (pl.) will have infringed |
| loro | avranno infranto | they will have infringed |
Subjunctive
Present subjunctive (Congiuntivo presente) Regular
The congiuntivo presente is required after many verbs and fixed phrases of will, fear, purpose, and doubt. Impersonal and semi-impersonal triggers (è importante che) also force the subjunctive mood.
Penso che sia la scelta giusta.
| Pronoun | Italian |
|---|---|
| io | infranga |
| tu | infranga |
| lui/lei | infranga |
| noi | infrangiamo |
| voi | infrangiate |
| loro | infrangano |
Imperfect subjunctive (Congiuntivo imperfetto) Regular
The congiuntivo imperfetto is the past of the congiuntivo system after a past matrix clause and in se + congi. imperf. → condizionale with unreal conditions.
Se avessi più tempo, viaggerei ogni mese.
| Pronoun | Italian |
|---|---|
| io | infrangessi |
| tu | infrangessi |
| lui/lei | infrangesse |
| noi | infrangessimo |
| voi | infrangeste |
| loro | infrangessero |
Other forms
Imperative (affirmative) (Imperativo) Regular
The affirmative imperativo reuses the tu form as 3sg for -are verbs, while other conjugations use the normal tu present. It is the direct command register.
Raccontami com'è andata l'esame.
| Pronoun | Italian |
|---|---|
| tu | infrangi |
| lui/lei | infranga |
| noi | infrangiamo |
| voi | infrangete |
| loro | infrangano |
Imperative (negative) (Imperativo negativo) Regular
Negative commands use non + full infinitive in modern Italian, which is a distinctive rule compared to other Romance languages. Polite or indirect “please don’t” can still soften the tone in context.
Non aprire quella finestra, per favore.
| Pronoun | Italian |
|---|---|
| tu | non infrangere |
| lui/lei | non infranga |
| noi | non infrangiamo |
| voi | non infrangete |
| loro | non infrangano |