invocare — Italian conjugation
to invoke
Indicative
Present (Presente) Irregular
The presente covers habits, ongoing situations, and plans about to start — much like English “I study” and “I am studying”. One present tense does both in Italian.
Lavora da casa tre giorni a settimana.
| Pronoun | Italian | English |
|---|---|---|
| io | invoco | I invoke |
| tu | invochi | you invoke |
| lui/lei | invoca | he/she/it invokes |
| noi | invochiamo | we invoke |
| voi | invocate | you (pl.) invoke |
| loro | invocano | they invoke |
Simple past (Passato remoto) Regular
The passato remoto tells a completed, narrative past, especially in the south and in literature. The passato prossimo is the normal spoken past in the north, so you choose register and region, not a difference in time alone.
Quella sera arrivò tardi, senza alibi.
| Pronoun | Italian | English |
|---|---|---|
| io | invocai | I invoked |
| tu | invocasti | you invoked |
| lui/lei | invocò | he/she/it invoked |
| noi | invocammo | we invoked |
| voi | invocaste | you (pl.) invoked |
| loro | invocarono | they invoked |
Imperfect (Imperfetto) Regular
The imperfetto is for incomplete past actions, context, and repeated or habitual situations without a clear end. The passato prossimo, not the remoto, is its usual “event” partner in speech.
Da bambina passavo le estati al mare.
| Pronoun | Italian |
|---|---|
| io | invocavo |
| tu | invocavi |
| lui/lei | invocava |
| noi | invocavamo |
| voi | invocavate |
| loro | invocavano |
Conditional (Condizionale) Regular
The condizionale is for polite “would you…”, first-condition hypotheticals, and reported future from a past point of view. The classic if-chain is se + imperfetto → condizionale.
Potresti alzare un poco la voce?
| Pronoun | Italian | English |
|---|---|---|
| io | invocherei | I would invoke |
| tu | invocheresti | you would invoke |
| lui/lei | invocherebbe | he/she/it would invoke |
| noi | invocheremmo | we would invoke |
| voi | invochereste | you (pl.) would invoke |
| loro | invocherebbero | they would invoke |
Future (Futuro semplice) Irregular
The futuro semplice is for predictions and far decisions. In speech you often hear the present (with a time adverb) or a paraphrase, and a famous trick is the futuro di probabilità for a present guess: saranno le tre.
Domani partiremo all'alba.
| Pronoun | Italian | English |
|---|---|---|
| io | invocherò | I will invoke |
| tu | invocherai | you will invoke |
| lui/lei | invocherà | he/she/it will invoke |
| noi | invocheremo | we will invoke |
| voi | invocherete | you (pl.) will invoke |
| loro | invocheranno | they will invoke |
Present perfect (Passato prossimo) Regular
The passato prossimo is the workhorse preterit-like past in the north and in everyday Italian: avere/essere + participle, essere for reflexives, motion, and other change-of-state patterns.
Siamo andati a piedi, poi abbiamo preso l'autobus.
| Pronoun | Italian | English |
|---|---|---|
| io | ho invocato | I have invoked |
| tu | hai invocato | you have invoked |
| lui/lei | ha invocato | he/she/it has invoked |
| noi | abbiamo invocato | we have invoked |
| voi | avete invocato | you (pl.) have invoked |
| loro | hanno invocato | they have invoked |
Pluperfect (Trapassato prossimo) Regular
The trapassato prossimo is “further in the past than another past” — the Italian pluperfect. It pairs with a main past clause to mark sequence.
Avevamo già mangiato quando suonò il telefono.
| Pronoun | Italian | English |
|---|---|---|
| io | avevo invocato | I had invoked |
| tu | avevi invocato | you had invoked |
| lui/lei | aveva invocato | he/she/it had invoked |
| noi | avevamo invocato | we had invoked |
| voi | avevate invocato | you (pl.) had invoked |
| loro | avevano invocato | they had invoked |
Conditional perfect (Condizionale passato) Regular
The condizionale passato is for unreal or missed past results and often appears with se + trapassato prossimo in the protasis.
Avrei accettato, se mi avessero avvisato in tempo.
| Pronoun | Italian |
|---|---|
| io | avrei invocato |
| tu | avresti invocato |
| lui/lei | avrebbe invocato |
| noi | avremmo invocato |
| voi | avreste invocato |
| loro | avrebbero invocato |
Future perfect (Futuro anteriore) Regular
The futuro anteriore says something will already be over before a still-later future, or, like the French, can express a logical guess about a past result.
Entro le cinque, avrà già lasciato l'ufficio.
| Pronoun | Italian | English |
|---|---|---|
| io | avrò invocato | I will have invoked |
| tu | avrai invocato | you will have invoked |
| lui/lei | avrà invocato | he/she/it will have invoked |
| noi | avremo invocato | we will have invoked |
| voi | avrete invocato | you (pl.) will have invoked |
| loro | avranno invocato | they will have invoked |
Subjunctive
Present subjunctive (Congiuntivo presente) Irregular
The congiuntivo presente is required after many verbs and fixed phrases of will, fear, purpose, and doubt. Impersonal and semi-impersonal triggers (è importante che) also force the subjunctive mood.
Penso che sia la scelta giusta.
| Pronoun | Italian |
|---|---|
| io | invochi |
| tu | invochi |
| lui/lei | invochi |
| noi | invochiamo |
| voi | invochiate |
| loro | invochino |
Imperfect subjunctive (Congiuntivo imperfetto) Regular
The congiuntivo imperfetto is the past of the congiuntivo system after a past matrix clause and in se + congi. imperf. → condizionale with unreal conditions.
Se avessi più tempo, viaggerei ogni mese.
| Pronoun | Italian |
|---|---|
| io | invocassi |
| tu | invocassi |
| lui/lei | invocasse |
| noi | invocassimo |
| voi | invocaste |
| loro | invocassero |
Other forms
Imperative (affirmative) (Imperativo) Irregular
The affirmative imperativo reuses the tu form as 3sg for -are verbs, while other conjugations use the normal tu present. It is the direct command register.
Raccontami com'è andata l'esame.
| Pronoun | Italian |
|---|---|
| tu | invoca |
| lui/lei | invochi |
| noi | invochiamo |
| voi | invocate |
| loro | invochino |
Imperative (negative) (Imperativo negativo) Irregular
Negative commands use non + full infinitive in modern Italian, which is a distinctive rule compared to other Romance languages. Polite or indirect “please don’t” can still soften the tone in context.
Non aprire quella finestra, per favore.
| Pronoun | Italian |
|---|---|
| tu | non invocare |
| lui/lei | non invochi |
| noi | non invochiamo |
| voi | non invocate |
| loro | non invochino |