monitorare — Italian conjugation
to monitor
Indicative
Present (Presente) Regular
The presente covers habits, ongoing situations, and plans about to start — much like English “I study” and “I am studying”. One present tense does both in Italian.
Lavora da casa tre giorni a settimana.
| Pronoun | Italian | English |
|---|---|---|
| io | monitoro | I monitor |
| tu | monitori | you monitor |
| lui/lei | monitora | he/she/it monitors |
| noi | monitoriamo | we monitor |
| voi | monitorate | you (pl.) monitor |
| loro | monitorano | they monitor |
Simple past (Passato remoto) Regular
The passato remoto tells a completed, narrative past, especially in the south and in literature. The passato prossimo is the normal spoken past in the north, so you choose register and region, not a difference in time alone.
Quella sera arrivò tardi, senza alibi.
| Pronoun | Italian | English |
|---|---|---|
| io | monitorai | I monitored |
| tu | monitorasti | you monitored |
| lui/lei | monitorò | he/she/it monitored |
| noi | monitorammo | we monitored |
| voi | monitoraste | you (pl.) monitored |
| loro | monitorarono | they monitored |
Imperfect (Imperfetto) Regular
The imperfetto is for incomplete past actions, context, and repeated or habitual situations without a clear end. The passato prossimo, not the remoto, is its usual “event” partner in speech.
Da bambina passavo le estati al mare.
| Pronoun | Italian |
|---|---|
| io | monitoravo |
| tu | monitoravi |
| lui/lei | monitorava |
| noi | monitoravamo |
| voi | monitoravate |
| loro | monitoravano |
Conditional (Condizionale) Regular
The condizionale is for polite “would you…”, first-condition hypotheticals, and reported future from a past point of view. The classic if-chain is se + imperfetto → condizionale.
Potresti alzare un poco la voce?
| Pronoun | Italian | English |
|---|---|---|
| io | monitorerei | I would monitor |
| tu | monitoreresti | you would monitor |
| lui/lei | monitorerebbe | he/she/it would monitor |
| noi | monitoreremmo | we would monitor |
| voi | monitorereste | you (pl.) would monitor |
| loro | monitorerebbero | they would monitor |
Future (Futuro semplice) Regular
The futuro semplice is for predictions and far decisions. In speech you often hear the present (with a time adverb) or a paraphrase, and a famous trick is the futuro di probabilità for a present guess: saranno le tre.
Domani partiremo all'alba.
| Pronoun | Italian | English |
|---|---|---|
| io | monitorerò | I will monitor |
| tu | monitorerai | you will monitor |
| lui/lei | monitorerà | he/she/it will monitor |
| noi | monitoreremo | we will monitor |
| voi | monitorerete | you (pl.) will monitor |
| loro | monitoreranno | they will monitor |
Present perfect (Passato prossimo) Regular
The passato prossimo is the workhorse preterit-like past in the north and in everyday Italian: avere/essere + participle, essere for reflexives, motion, and other change-of-state patterns.
Siamo andati a piedi, poi abbiamo preso l'autobus.
| Pronoun | Italian | English |
|---|---|---|
| io | ho monitorato | I have monitored |
| tu | hai monitorato | you have monitored |
| lui/lei | ha monitorato | he/she/it has monitored |
| noi | abbiamo monitorato | we have monitored |
| voi | avete monitorato | you (pl.) have monitored |
| loro | hanno monitorato | they have monitored |
Pluperfect (Trapassato prossimo) Regular
The trapassato prossimo is “further in the past than another past” — the Italian pluperfect. It pairs with a main past clause to mark sequence.
Avevamo già mangiato quando suonò il telefono.
| Pronoun | Italian | English |
|---|---|---|
| io | avevo monitorato | I had monitored |
| tu | avevi monitorato | you had monitored |
| lui/lei | aveva monitorato | he/she/it had monitored |
| noi | avevamo monitorato | we had monitored |
| voi | avevate monitorato | you (pl.) had monitored |
| loro | avevano monitorato | they had monitored |
Conditional perfect (Condizionale passato) Regular
The condizionale passato is for unreal or missed past results and often appears with se + trapassato prossimo in the protasis.
Avrei accettato, se mi avessero avvisato in tempo.
| Pronoun | Italian |
|---|---|
| io | avrei monitorato |
| tu | avresti monitorato |
| lui/lei | avrebbe monitorato |
| noi | avremmo monitorato |
| voi | avreste monitorato |
| loro | avrebbero monitorato |
Future perfect (Futuro anteriore) Regular
The futuro anteriore says something will already be over before a still-later future, or, like the French, can express a logical guess about a past result.
Entro le cinque, avrà già lasciato l'ufficio.
| Pronoun | Italian | English |
|---|---|---|
| io | avrò monitorato | I will have monitored |
| tu | avrai monitorato | you will have monitored |
| lui/lei | avrà monitorato | he/she/it will have monitored |
| noi | avremo monitorato | we will have monitored |
| voi | avrete monitorato | you (pl.) will have monitored |
| loro | avranno monitorato | they will have monitored |
Subjunctive
Present subjunctive (Congiuntivo presente) Regular
The congiuntivo presente is required after many verbs and fixed phrases of will, fear, purpose, and doubt. Impersonal and semi-impersonal triggers (è importante che) also force the subjunctive mood.
Penso che sia la scelta giusta.
| Pronoun | Italian |
|---|---|
| io | monitori |
| tu | monitori |
| lui/lei | monitori |
| noi | monitoriamo |
| voi | monitoriate |
| loro | monitorino |
Imperfect subjunctive (Congiuntivo imperfetto) Regular
The congiuntivo imperfetto is the past of the congiuntivo system after a past matrix clause and in se + congi. imperf. → condizionale with unreal conditions.
Se avessi più tempo, viaggerei ogni mese.
| Pronoun | Italian |
|---|---|
| io | monitorassi |
| tu | monitorassi |
| lui/lei | monitorasse |
| noi | monitorassimo |
| voi | monitoraste |
| loro | monitorassero |
Other forms
Imperative (affirmative) (Imperativo) Regular
The affirmative imperativo reuses the tu form as 3sg for -are verbs, while other conjugations use the normal tu present. It is the direct command register.
Raccontami com'è andata l'esame.
| Pronoun | Italian |
|---|---|
| tu | monitora |
| lui/lei | monitori |
| noi | monitoriamo |
| voi | monitorate |
| loro | monitorino |
Imperative (negative) (Imperativo negativo) Regular
Negative commands use non + full infinitive in modern Italian, which is a distinctive rule compared to other Romance languages. Polite or indirect “please don’t” can still soften the tone in context.
Non aprire quella finestra, per favore.
| Pronoun | Italian |
|---|---|
| tu | non monitorare |
| lui/lei | non monitori |
| noi | non monitoriamo |
| voi | non monitorate |
| loro | non monitorino |