navigare — Italian conjugation
to navigate, to sail
Indicative
Present (Presente) Irregular
The presente covers habits, ongoing situations, and plans about to start — much like English “I study” and “I am studying”. One present tense does both in Italian.
Lavora da casa tre giorni a settimana.
| Pronoun | Italian | English |
|---|---|---|
| io | navigo | I navigate |
| tu | navighi | you navigate |
| lui/lei | naviga | he/she/it navigates |
| noi | navighiamo | we navigate |
| voi | navigate | you (pl.) navigate |
| loro | navigano | they navigate |
Simple past (Passato remoto) Regular
The passato remoto tells a completed, narrative past, especially in the south and in literature. The passato prossimo is the normal spoken past in the north, so you choose register and region, not a difference in time alone.
Quella sera arrivò tardi, senza alibi.
| Pronoun | Italian | English |
|---|---|---|
| io | navigai | I navigated |
| tu | navigasti | you navigated |
| lui/lei | navigò | he/she/it navigated |
| noi | navigammo | we navigated |
| voi | navigaste | you (pl.) navigated |
| loro | navigarono | they navigated |
Imperfect (Imperfetto) Regular
The imperfetto is for incomplete past actions, context, and repeated or habitual situations without a clear end. The passato prossimo, not the remoto, is its usual “event” partner in speech.
Da bambina passavo le estati al mare.
| Pronoun | Italian |
|---|---|
| io | navigavo |
| tu | navigavi |
| lui/lei | navigava |
| noi | navigavamo |
| voi | navigavate |
| loro | navigavano |
Conditional (Condizionale) Regular
The condizionale is for polite “would you…”, first-condition hypotheticals, and reported future from a past point of view. The classic if-chain is se + imperfetto → condizionale.
Potresti alzare un poco la voce?
| Pronoun | Italian | English |
|---|---|---|
| io | navigherei | I would navigate |
| tu | navigheresti | you would navigate |
| lui/lei | navigherebbe | he/she/it would navigate |
| noi | navigheremmo | we would navigate |
| voi | navighereste | you (pl.) would navigate |
| loro | navigherebbero | they would navigate |
Future (Futuro semplice) Irregular
The futuro semplice is for predictions and far decisions. In speech you often hear the present (with a time adverb) or a paraphrase, and a famous trick is the futuro di probabilità for a present guess: saranno le tre.
Domani partiremo all'alba.
| Pronoun | Italian | English |
|---|---|---|
| io | navigherò | I will navigate |
| tu | navigherai | you will navigate |
| lui/lei | navigherà | he/she/it will navigate |
| noi | navigheremo | we will navigate |
| voi | navigherete | you (pl.) will navigate |
| loro | navigheranno | they will navigate |
Present perfect (Passato prossimo) Regular
The passato prossimo is the workhorse preterit-like past in the north and in everyday Italian: avere/essere + participle, essere for reflexives, motion, and other change-of-state patterns.
Siamo andati a piedi, poi abbiamo preso l'autobus.
| Pronoun | Italian | English |
|---|---|---|
| io | ho navigato | I have navigated |
| tu | hai navigato | you have navigated |
| lui/lei | ha navigato | he/she/it has navigated |
| noi | abbiamo navigato | we have navigated |
| voi | avete navigato | you (pl.) have navigated |
| loro | hanno navigato | they have navigated |
Pluperfect (Trapassato prossimo) Regular
The trapassato prossimo is “further in the past than another past” — the Italian pluperfect. It pairs with a main past clause to mark sequence.
Avevamo già mangiato quando suonò il telefono.
| Pronoun | Italian | English |
|---|---|---|
| io | avevo navigato | I had navigated |
| tu | avevi navigato | you had navigated |
| lui/lei | aveva navigato | he/she/it had navigated |
| noi | avevamo navigato | we had navigated |
| voi | avevate navigato | you (pl.) had navigated |
| loro | avevano navigato | they had navigated |
Conditional perfect (Condizionale passato) Regular
The condizionale passato is for unreal or missed past results and often appears with se + trapassato prossimo in the protasis.
Avrei accettato, se mi avessero avvisato in tempo.
| Pronoun | Italian |
|---|---|
| io | avrei navigato |
| tu | avresti navigato |
| lui/lei | avrebbe navigato |
| noi | avremmo navigato |
| voi | avreste navigato |
| loro | avrebbero navigato |
Future perfect (Futuro anteriore) Regular
The futuro anteriore says something will already be over before a still-later future, or, like the French, can express a logical guess about a past result.
Entro le cinque, avrà già lasciato l'ufficio.
| Pronoun | Italian | English |
|---|---|---|
| io | avrò navigato | I will have navigated |
| tu | avrai navigato | you will have navigated |
| lui/lei | avrà navigato | he/she/it will have navigated |
| noi | avremo navigato | we will have navigated |
| voi | avrete navigato | you (pl.) will have navigated |
| loro | avranno navigato | they will have navigated |
Subjunctive
Present subjunctive (Congiuntivo presente) Irregular
The congiuntivo presente is required after many verbs and fixed phrases of will, fear, purpose, and doubt. Impersonal and semi-impersonal triggers (è importante che) also force the subjunctive mood.
Penso che sia la scelta giusta.
| Pronoun | Italian |
|---|---|
| io | navighi |
| tu | navighi |
| lui/lei | navighi |
| noi | navighiamo |
| voi | navighiate |
| loro | navighino |
Imperfect subjunctive (Congiuntivo imperfetto) Regular
The congiuntivo imperfetto is the past of the congiuntivo system after a past matrix clause and in se + congi. imperf. → condizionale with unreal conditions.
Se avessi più tempo, viaggerei ogni mese.
| Pronoun | Italian |
|---|---|
| io | navigassi |
| tu | navigassi |
| lui/lei | navigasse |
| noi | navigassimo |
| voi | navigaste |
| loro | navigassero |
Other forms
Imperative (affirmative) (Imperativo) Irregular
The affirmative imperativo reuses the tu form as 3sg for -are verbs, while other conjugations use the normal tu present. It is the direct command register.
Raccontami com'è andata l'esame.
| Pronoun | Italian |
|---|---|
| tu | naviga |
| lui/lei | navighi |
| noi | navighiamo |
| voi | navigate |
| loro | navighino |
Imperative (negative) (Imperativo negativo) Irregular
Negative commands use non + full infinitive in modern Italian, which is a distinctive rule compared to other Romance languages. Polite or indirect “please don’t” can still soften the tone in context.
Non aprire quella finestra, per favore.
| Pronoun | Italian |
|---|---|
| tu | non navigare |
| lui/lei | non navighi |
| noi | non navighiamo |
| voi | non navigate |
| loro | non navighino |