nutrire — Italian conjugation
to nourish
Indicative
Present (Presente) Irregular
The presente covers habits, ongoing situations, and plans about to start — much like English “I study” and “I am studying”. One present tense does both in Italian.
Lavora da casa tre giorni a settimana.
| Pronoun | Italian | English |
|---|---|---|
| io | nutro | I nourish |
| tu | nutri | you nourish |
| lui/lei | nutre | he/she/it nourishes |
| noi | nutriamo | we nourish |
| voi | nutrite | you (pl.) nourish |
| loro | nutrono | they nourish |
Simple past (Passato remoto) Regular
The passato remoto tells a completed, narrative past, especially in the south and in literature. The passato prossimo is the normal spoken past in the north, so you choose register and region, not a difference in time alone.
Quella sera arrivò tardi, senza alibi.
| Pronoun | Italian | English |
|---|---|---|
| io | nutrii | I nourished |
| tu | nutristi | you nourished |
| lui/lei | nutrì | he/she/it nourished |
| noi | nutrimmo | we nourished |
| voi | nutriste | you (pl.) nourished |
| loro | nutrirono | they nourished |
Imperfect (Imperfetto) Regular
The imperfetto is for incomplete past actions, context, and repeated or habitual situations without a clear end. The passato prossimo, not the remoto, is its usual “event” partner in speech.
Da bambina passavo le estati al mare.
| Pronoun | Italian |
|---|---|
| io | nutrivo |
| tu | nutrivi |
| lui/lei | nutriva |
| noi | nutrivamo |
| voi | nutrivate |
| loro | nutrivano |
Conditional (Condizionale) Regular
The condizionale is for polite “would you…”, first-condition hypotheticals, and reported future from a past point of view. The classic if-chain is se + imperfetto → condizionale.
Potresti alzare un poco la voce?
| Pronoun | Italian | English |
|---|---|---|
| io | nutrirei | I would nourish |
| tu | nutriresti | you would nourish |
| lui/lei | nutrirebbe | he/she/it would nourish |
| noi | nutriremmo | we would nourish |
| voi | nutrireste | you (pl.) would nourish |
| loro | nutrirebbero | they would nourish |
Future (Futuro semplice) Regular
The futuro semplice is for predictions and far decisions. In speech you often hear the present (with a time adverb) or a paraphrase, and a famous trick is the futuro di probabilità for a present guess: saranno le tre.
Domani partiremo all'alba.
| Pronoun | Italian | English |
|---|---|---|
| io | nutrirò | I will nourish |
| tu | nutrirai | you will nourish |
| lui/lei | nutrirà | he/she/it will nourish |
| noi | nutriremo | we will nourish |
| voi | nutrirete | you (pl.) will nourish |
| loro | nutriranno | they will nourish |
Present perfect (Passato prossimo) Regular
The passato prossimo is the workhorse preterit-like past in the north and in everyday Italian: avere/essere + participle, essere for reflexives, motion, and other change-of-state patterns.
Siamo andati a piedi, poi abbiamo preso l'autobus.
| Pronoun | Italian | English |
|---|---|---|
| io | ho nutrito | I have nourished |
| tu | hai nutrito | you have nourished |
| lui/lei | ha nutrito | he/she/it has nourished |
| noi | abbiamo nutrito | we have nourished |
| voi | avete nutrito | you (pl.) have nourished |
| loro | hanno nutrito | they have nourished |
Pluperfect (Trapassato prossimo) Regular
The trapassato prossimo is “further in the past than another past” — the Italian pluperfect. It pairs with a main past clause to mark sequence.
Avevamo già mangiato quando suonò il telefono.
| Pronoun | Italian | English |
|---|---|---|
| io | avevo nutrito | I had nourished |
| tu | avevi nutrito | you had nourished |
| lui/lei | aveva nutrito | he/she/it had nourished |
| noi | avevamo nutrito | we had nourished |
| voi | avevate nutrito | you (pl.) had nourished |
| loro | avevano nutrito | they had nourished |
Conditional perfect (Condizionale passato) Regular
The condizionale passato is for unreal or missed past results and often appears with se + trapassato prossimo in the protasis.
Avrei accettato, se mi avessero avvisato in tempo.
| Pronoun | Italian |
|---|---|
| io | avrei nutrito |
| tu | avresti nutrito |
| lui/lei | avrebbe nutrito |
| noi | avremmo nutrito |
| voi | avreste nutrito |
| loro | avrebbero nutrito |
Future perfect (Futuro anteriore) Regular
The futuro anteriore says something will already be over before a still-later future, or, like the French, can express a logical guess about a past result.
Entro le cinque, avrà già lasciato l'ufficio.
| Pronoun | Italian | English |
|---|---|---|
| io | avrò nutrito | I will have nourished |
| tu | avrai nutrito | you will have nourished |
| lui/lei | avrà nutrito | he/she/it will have nourished |
| noi | avremo nutrito | we will have nourished |
| voi | avrete nutrito | you (pl.) will have nourished |
| loro | avranno nutrito | they will have nourished |
Subjunctive
Present subjunctive (Congiuntivo presente) Irregular
The congiuntivo presente is required after many verbs and fixed phrases of will, fear, purpose, and doubt. Impersonal and semi-impersonal triggers (è importante che) also force the subjunctive mood.
Penso che sia la scelta giusta.
| Pronoun | Italian |
|---|---|
| io | nutra |
| tu | nutra |
| lui/lei | nutra |
| noi | nutriamo |
| voi | nutriate |
| loro | nutrano |
Imperfect subjunctive (Congiuntivo imperfetto) Regular
The congiuntivo imperfetto is the past of the congiuntivo system after a past matrix clause and in se + congi. imperf. → condizionale with unreal conditions.
Se avessi più tempo, viaggerei ogni mese.
| Pronoun | Italian |
|---|---|
| io | nutrissi |
| tu | nutrissi |
| lui/lei | nutrisse |
| noi | nutrissimo |
| voi | nutriste |
| loro | nutrissero |
Other forms
Imperative (affirmative) (Imperativo) Regular
The affirmative imperativo reuses the tu form as 3sg for -are verbs, while other conjugations use the normal tu present. It is the direct command register.
Raccontami com'è andata l'esame.
| Pronoun | Italian |
|---|---|
| tu | nutri |
| lui/lei | nutra |
| noi | nutriamo |
| voi | nutrite |
| loro | nutrano |
Imperative (negative) (Imperativo negativo) Regular
Negative commands use non + full infinitive in modern Italian, which is a distinctive rule compared to other Romance languages. Polite or indirect “please don’t” can still soften the tone in context.
Non aprire quella finestra, per favore.
| Pronoun | Italian |
|---|---|
| tu | non nutrire |
| lui/lei | non nutra |
| noi | non nutriamo |
| voi | non nutrite |
| loro | non nutrano |