orchestrare — Italian conjugation
to orchestrate
Indicative
Present (Presente) Regular
The presente covers habits, ongoing situations, and plans about to start — much like English “I study” and “I am studying”. One present tense does both in Italian.
Lavora da casa tre giorni a settimana.
| Pronoun | Italian | English |
|---|---|---|
| io | orchestro | I orchestrate |
| tu | orchestri | you orchestrate |
| lui/lei | orchestra | he/she/it orchestrates |
| noi | orchestriamo | we orchestrate |
| voi | orchestrate | you (pl.) orchestrate |
| loro | orchestrano | they orchestrate |
Simple past (Passato remoto) Regular
The passato remoto tells a completed, narrative past, especially in the south and in literature. The passato prossimo is the normal spoken past in the north, so you choose register and region, not a difference in time alone.
Quella sera arrivò tardi, senza alibi.
| Pronoun | Italian | English |
|---|---|---|
| io | orchestrai | I orchestrated |
| tu | orchestrasti | you orchestrated |
| lui/lei | orchestrò | he/she/it orchestrated |
| noi | orchestrammo | we orchestrated |
| voi | orchestraste | you (pl.) orchestrated |
| loro | orchestrarono | they orchestrated |
Imperfect (Imperfetto) Regular
The imperfetto is for incomplete past actions, context, and repeated or habitual situations without a clear end. The passato prossimo, not the remoto, is its usual “event” partner in speech.
Da bambina passavo le estati al mare.
| Pronoun | Italian |
|---|---|
| io | orchestravo |
| tu | orchestravi |
| lui/lei | orchestrava |
| noi | orchestravamo |
| voi | orchestravate |
| loro | orchestravano |
Conditional (Condizionale) Regular
The condizionale is for polite “would you…”, first-condition hypotheticals, and reported future from a past point of view. The classic if-chain is se + imperfetto → condizionale.
Potresti alzare un poco la voce?
| Pronoun | Italian | English |
|---|---|---|
| io | orchestrerei | I would orchestrate |
| tu | orchestreresti | you would orchestrate |
| lui/lei | orchestrerebbe | he/she/it would orchestrate |
| noi | orchestreremmo | we would orchestrate |
| voi | orchestrereste | you (pl.) would orchestrate |
| loro | orchestrerebbero | they would orchestrate |
Future (Futuro semplice) Regular
The futuro semplice is for predictions and far decisions. In speech you often hear the present (with a time adverb) or a paraphrase, and a famous trick is the futuro di probabilità for a present guess: saranno le tre.
Domani partiremo all'alba.
| Pronoun | Italian | English |
|---|---|---|
| io | orchestrerò | I will orchestrate |
| tu | orchestrerai | you will orchestrate |
| lui/lei | orchestrerà | he/she/it will orchestrate |
| noi | orchestreremo | we will orchestrate |
| voi | orchestrerete | you (pl.) will orchestrate |
| loro | orchestreranno | they will orchestrate |
Present perfect (Passato prossimo) Regular
The passato prossimo is the workhorse preterit-like past in the north and in everyday Italian: avere/essere + participle, essere for reflexives, motion, and other change-of-state patterns.
Siamo andati a piedi, poi abbiamo preso l'autobus.
| Pronoun | Italian | English |
|---|---|---|
| io | ho orchestrato | I have orchestrated |
| tu | hai orchestrato | you have orchestrated |
| lui/lei | ha orchestrato | he/she/it has orchestrated |
| noi | abbiamo orchestrato | we have orchestrated |
| voi | avete orchestrato | you (pl.) have orchestrated |
| loro | hanno orchestrato | they have orchestrated |
Pluperfect (Trapassato prossimo) Regular
The trapassato prossimo is “further in the past than another past” — the Italian pluperfect. It pairs with a main past clause to mark sequence.
Avevamo già mangiato quando suonò il telefono.
| Pronoun | Italian | English |
|---|---|---|
| io | avevo orchestrato | I had orchestrated |
| tu | avevi orchestrato | you had orchestrated |
| lui/lei | aveva orchestrato | he/she/it had orchestrated |
| noi | avevamo orchestrato | we had orchestrated |
| voi | avevate orchestrato | you (pl.) had orchestrated |
| loro | avevano orchestrato | they had orchestrated |
Conditional perfect (Condizionale passato) Regular
The condizionale passato is for unreal or missed past results and often appears with se + trapassato prossimo in the protasis.
Avrei accettato, se mi avessero avvisato in tempo.
| Pronoun | Italian |
|---|---|
| io | avrei orchestrato |
| tu | avresti orchestrato |
| lui/lei | avrebbe orchestrato |
| noi | avremmo orchestrato |
| voi | avreste orchestrato |
| loro | avrebbero orchestrato |
Future perfect (Futuro anteriore) Regular
The futuro anteriore says something will already be over before a still-later future, or, like the French, can express a logical guess about a past result.
Entro le cinque, avrà già lasciato l'ufficio.
| Pronoun | Italian | English |
|---|---|---|
| io | avrò orchestrato | I will have orchestrated |
| tu | avrai orchestrato | you will have orchestrated |
| lui/lei | avrà orchestrato | he/she/it will have orchestrated |
| noi | avremo orchestrato | we will have orchestrated |
| voi | avrete orchestrato | you (pl.) will have orchestrated |
| loro | avranno orchestrato | they will have orchestrated |
Subjunctive
Present subjunctive (Congiuntivo presente) Regular
The congiuntivo presente is required after many verbs and fixed phrases of will, fear, purpose, and doubt. Impersonal and semi-impersonal triggers (è importante che) also force the subjunctive mood.
Penso che sia la scelta giusta.
| Pronoun | Italian |
|---|---|
| io | orchestri |
| tu | orchestri |
| lui/lei | orchestri |
| noi | orchestriamo |
| voi | orchestriate |
| loro | orchestrino |
Imperfect subjunctive (Congiuntivo imperfetto) Regular
The congiuntivo imperfetto is the past of the congiuntivo system after a past matrix clause and in se + congi. imperf. → condizionale with unreal conditions.
Se avessi più tempo, viaggerei ogni mese.
| Pronoun | Italian |
|---|---|
| io | orchestrassi |
| tu | orchestrassi |
| lui/lei | orchestrasse |
| noi | orchestrassimo |
| voi | orchestraste |
| loro | orchestrassero |
Other forms
Imperative (affirmative) (Imperativo) Regular
The affirmative imperativo reuses the tu form as 3sg for -are verbs, while other conjugations use the normal tu present. It is the direct command register.
Raccontami com'è andata l'esame.
| Pronoun | Italian |
|---|---|
| tu | orchestra |
| lui/lei | orchestri |
| noi | orchestriamo |
| voi | orchestrate |
| loro | orchestrino |
Imperative (negative) (Imperativo negativo) Regular
Negative commands use non + full infinitive in modern Italian, which is a distinctive rule compared to other Romance languages. Polite or indirect “please don’t” can still soften the tone in context.
Non aprire quella finestra, per favore.
| Pronoun | Italian |
|---|---|
| tu | non orchestrare |
| lui/lei | non orchestri |
| noi | non orchestriamo |
| voi | non orchestrate |
| loro | non orchestrino |