ostacolare — Italian conjugation
to hinder
Indicative
Present (Presente) Regular
The presente covers habits, ongoing situations, and plans about to start — much like English “I study” and “I am studying”. One present tense does both in Italian.
Lavora da casa tre giorni a settimana.
| Pronoun | Italian | English |
|---|---|---|
| io | ostacolo | I hinder |
| tu | ostacoli | you hinder |
| lui/lei | ostacola | he/she/it hinders |
| noi | ostacoliamo | we hinder |
| voi | ostacolate | you (pl.) hinder |
| loro | ostacolano | they hinder |
Simple past (Passato remoto) Regular
The passato remoto tells a completed, narrative past, especially in the south and in literature. The passato prossimo is the normal spoken past in the north, so you choose register and region, not a difference in time alone.
Quella sera arrivò tardi, senza alibi.
| Pronoun | Italian | English |
|---|---|---|
| io | ostacolai | I hindered |
| tu | ostacolasti | you hindered |
| lui/lei | ostacolò | he/she/it hindered |
| noi | ostacolammo | we hindered |
| voi | ostacolaste | you (pl.) hindered |
| loro | ostacolarono | they hindered |
Imperfect (Imperfetto) Regular
The imperfetto is for incomplete past actions, context, and repeated or habitual situations without a clear end. The passato prossimo, not the remoto, is its usual “event” partner in speech.
Da bambina passavo le estati al mare.
| Pronoun | Italian |
|---|---|
| io | ostacolavo |
| tu | ostacolavi |
| lui/lei | ostacolava |
| noi | ostacolavamo |
| voi | ostacolavate |
| loro | ostacolavano |
Conditional (Condizionale) Regular
The condizionale is for polite “would you…”, first-condition hypotheticals, and reported future from a past point of view. The classic if-chain is se + imperfetto → condizionale.
Potresti alzare un poco la voce?
| Pronoun | Italian | English |
|---|---|---|
| io | ostacolerei | I would hinder |
| tu | ostacoleresti | you would hinder |
| lui/lei | ostacolerebbe | he/she/it would hinder |
| noi | ostacoleremmo | we would hinder |
| voi | ostacolereste | you (pl.) would hinder |
| loro | ostacolerebbero | they would hinder |
Future (Futuro semplice) Regular
The futuro semplice is for predictions and far decisions. In speech you often hear the present (with a time adverb) or a paraphrase, and a famous trick is the futuro di probabilità for a present guess: saranno le tre.
Domani partiremo all'alba.
| Pronoun | Italian | English |
|---|---|---|
| io | ostacolerò | I will hinder |
| tu | ostacolerai | you will hinder |
| lui/lei | ostacolerà | he/she/it will hinder |
| noi | ostacoleremo | we will hinder |
| voi | ostacolerete | you (pl.) will hinder |
| loro | ostacoleranno | they will hinder |
Present perfect (Passato prossimo) Regular
The passato prossimo is the workhorse preterit-like past in the north and in everyday Italian: avere/essere + participle, essere for reflexives, motion, and other change-of-state patterns.
Siamo andati a piedi, poi abbiamo preso l'autobus.
| Pronoun | Italian | English |
|---|---|---|
| io | ho ostacolato | I have hindered |
| tu | hai ostacolato | you have hindered |
| lui/lei | ha ostacolato | he/she/it has hindered |
| noi | abbiamo ostacolato | we have hindered |
| voi | avete ostacolato | you (pl.) have hindered |
| loro | hanno ostacolato | they have hindered |
Pluperfect (Trapassato prossimo) Regular
The trapassato prossimo is “further in the past than another past” — the Italian pluperfect. It pairs with a main past clause to mark sequence.
Avevamo già mangiato quando suonò il telefono.
| Pronoun | Italian | English |
|---|---|---|
| io | avevo ostacolato | I had hindered |
| tu | avevi ostacolato | you had hindered |
| lui/lei | aveva ostacolato | he/she/it had hindered |
| noi | avevamo ostacolato | we had hindered |
| voi | avevate ostacolato | you (pl.) had hindered |
| loro | avevano ostacolato | they had hindered |
Conditional perfect (Condizionale passato) Regular
The condizionale passato is for unreal or missed past results and often appears with se + trapassato prossimo in the protasis.
Avrei accettato, se mi avessero avvisato in tempo.
| Pronoun | Italian |
|---|---|
| io | avrei ostacolato |
| tu | avresti ostacolato |
| lui/lei | avrebbe ostacolato |
| noi | avremmo ostacolato |
| voi | avreste ostacolato |
| loro | avrebbero ostacolato |
Future perfect (Futuro anteriore) Regular
The futuro anteriore says something will already be over before a still-later future, or, like the French, can express a logical guess about a past result.
Entro le cinque, avrà già lasciato l'ufficio.
| Pronoun | Italian | English |
|---|---|---|
| io | avrò ostacolato | I will have hindered |
| tu | avrai ostacolato | you will have hindered |
| lui/lei | avrà ostacolato | he/she/it will have hindered |
| noi | avremo ostacolato | we will have hindered |
| voi | avrete ostacolato | you (pl.) will have hindered |
| loro | avranno ostacolato | they will have hindered |
Subjunctive
Present subjunctive (Congiuntivo presente) Regular
The congiuntivo presente is required after many verbs and fixed phrases of will, fear, purpose, and doubt. Impersonal and semi-impersonal triggers (è importante che) also force the subjunctive mood.
Penso che sia la scelta giusta.
| Pronoun | Italian |
|---|---|
| io | ostacoli |
| tu | ostacoli |
| lui/lei | ostacoli |
| noi | ostacoliamo |
| voi | ostacoliate |
| loro | ostacolino |
Imperfect subjunctive (Congiuntivo imperfetto) Regular
The congiuntivo imperfetto is the past of the congiuntivo system after a past matrix clause and in se + congi. imperf. → condizionale with unreal conditions.
Se avessi più tempo, viaggerei ogni mese.
| Pronoun | Italian |
|---|---|
| io | ostacolassi |
| tu | ostacolassi |
| lui/lei | ostacolasse |
| noi | ostacolassimo |
| voi | ostacolaste |
| loro | ostacolassero |
Other forms
Imperative (affirmative) (Imperativo) Regular
The affirmative imperativo reuses the tu form as 3sg for -are verbs, while other conjugations use the normal tu present. It is the direct command register.
Raccontami com'è andata l'esame.
| Pronoun | Italian |
|---|---|
| tu | ostacola |
| lui/lei | ostacoli |
| noi | ostacoliamo |
| voi | ostacolate |
| loro | ostacolino |
Imperative (negative) (Imperativo negativo) Regular
Negative commands use non + full infinitive in modern Italian, which is a distinctive rule compared to other Romance languages. Polite or indirect “please don’t” can still soften the tone in context.
Non aprire quella finestra, per favore.
| Pronoun | Italian |
|---|---|
| tu | non ostacolare |
| lui/lei | non ostacoli |
| noi | non ostacoliamo |
| voi | non ostacolate |
| loro | non ostacolino |