recuperare — Italian conjugation
to recover
Indicative
Present (Presente) Regular
The presente covers habits, ongoing situations, and plans about to start — much like English “I study” and “I am studying”. One present tense does both in Italian.
Lavora da casa tre giorni a settimana.
| Pronoun | Italian | English |
|---|---|---|
| io | recupero | I recover |
| tu | recuperi | you recover |
| lui/lei | recupera | he/she/it recovers |
| noi | recuperiamo | we recover |
| voi | recuperate | you (pl.) recover |
| loro | recuperano | they recover |
Simple past (Passato remoto) Regular
The passato remoto tells a completed, narrative past, especially in the south and in literature. The passato prossimo is the normal spoken past in the north, so you choose register and region, not a difference in time alone.
Quella sera arrivò tardi, senza alibi.
| Pronoun | Italian | English |
|---|---|---|
| io | recuperai | I recovered |
| tu | recuperasti | you recovered |
| lui/lei | recuperò | he/she/it recovered |
| noi | recuperammo | we recovered |
| voi | recuperaste | you (pl.) recovered |
| loro | recuperarono | they recovered |
Imperfect (Imperfetto) Regular
The imperfetto is for incomplete past actions, context, and repeated or habitual situations without a clear end. The passato prossimo, not the remoto, is its usual “event” partner in speech.
Da bambina passavo le estati al mare.
| Pronoun | Italian |
|---|---|
| io | recuperavo |
| tu | recuperavi |
| lui/lei | recuperava |
| noi | recuperavamo |
| voi | recuperavate |
| loro | recuperavano |
Conditional (Condizionale) Regular
The condizionale is for polite “would you…”, first-condition hypotheticals, and reported future from a past point of view. The classic if-chain is se + imperfetto → condizionale.
Potresti alzare un poco la voce?
| Pronoun | Italian | English |
|---|---|---|
| io | recupererei | I would recover |
| tu | recupereresti | you would recover |
| lui/lei | recupererebbe | he/she/it would recover |
| noi | recupereremmo | we would recover |
| voi | recuperereste | you (pl.) would recover |
| loro | recupererebbero | they would recover |
Future (Futuro semplice) Regular
The futuro semplice is for predictions and far decisions. In speech you often hear the present (with a time adverb) or a paraphrase, and a famous trick is the futuro di probabilità for a present guess: saranno le tre.
Domani partiremo all'alba.
| Pronoun | Italian | English |
|---|---|---|
| io | recupererò | I will recover |
| tu | recupererai | you will recover |
| lui/lei | recupererà | he/she/it will recover |
| noi | recupereremo | we will recover |
| voi | recupererete | you (pl.) will recover |
| loro | recupereranno | they will recover |
Present perfect (Passato prossimo) Regular
The passato prossimo is the workhorse preterit-like past in the north and in everyday Italian: avere/essere + participle, essere for reflexives, motion, and other change-of-state patterns.
Siamo andati a piedi, poi abbiamo preso l'autobus.
| Pronoun | Italian | English |
|---|---|---|
| io | ho recuperato | I have recovered |
| tu | hai recuperato | you have recovered |
| lui/lei | ha recuperato | he/she/it has recovered |
| noi | abbiamo recuperato | we have recovered |
| voi | avete recuperato | you (pl.) have recovered |
| loro | hanno recuperato | they have recovered |
Pluperfect (Trapassato prossimo) Regular
The trapassato prossimo is “further in the past than another past” — the Italian pluperfect. It pairs with a main past clause to mark sequence.
Avevamo già mangiato quando suonò il telefono.
| Pronoun | Italian | English |
|---|---|---|
| io | avevo recuperato | I had recovered |
| tu | avevi recuperato | you had recovered |
| lui/lei | aveva recuperato | he/she/it had recovered |
| noi | avevamo recuperato | we had recovered |
| voi | avevate recuperato | you (pl.) had recovered |
| loro | avevano recuperato | they had recovered |
Conditional perfect (Condizionale passato) Regular
The condizionale passato is for unreal or missed past results and often appears with se + trapassato prossimo in the protasis.
Avrei accettato, se mi avessero avvisato in tempo.
| Pronoun | Italian |
|---|---|
| io | avrei recuperato |
| tu | avresti recuperato |
| lui/lei | avrebbe recuperato |
| noi | avremmo recuperato |
| voi | avreste recuperato |
| loro | avrebbero recuperato |
Future perfect (Futuro anteriore) Regular
The futuro anteriore says something will already be over before a still-later future, or, like the French, can express a logical guess about a past result.
Entro le cinque, avrà già lasciato l'ufficio.
| Pronoun | Italian | English |
|---|---|---|
| io | avrò recuperato | I will have recovered |
| tu | avrai recuperato | you will have recovered |
| lui/lei | avrà recuperato | he/she/it will have recovered |
| noi | avremo recuperato | we will have recovered |
| voi | avrete recuperato | you (pl.) will have recovered |
| loro | avranno recuperato | they will have recovered |
Subjunctive
Present subjunctive (Congiuntivo presente) Regular
The congiuntivo presente is required after many verbs and fixed phrases of will, fear, purpose, and doubt. Impersonal and semi-impersonal triggers (è importante che) also force the subjunctive mood.
Penso che sia la scelta giusta.
| Pronoun | Italian |
|---|---|
| io | recuperi |
| tu | recuperi |
| lui/lei | recuperi |
| noi | recuperiamo |
| voi | recuperiate |
| loro | recuperino |
Imperfect subjunctive (Congiuntivo imperfetto) Regular
The congiuntivo imperfetto is the past of the congiuntivo system after a past matrix clause and in se + congi. imperf. → condizionale with unreal conditions.
Se avessi più tempo, viaggerei ogni mese.
| Pronoun | Italian |
|---|---|
| io | recuperassi |
| tu | recuperassi |
| lui/lei | recuperasse |
| noi | recuperassimo |
| voi | recuperaste |
| loro | recuperassero |
Other forms
Imperative (affirmative) (Imperativo) Regular
The affirmative imperativo reuses the tu form as 3sg for -are verbs, while other conjugations use the normal tu present. It is the direct command register.
Raccontami com'è andata l'esame.
| Pronoun | Italian |
|---|---|
| tu | recupera |
| lui/lei | recuperi |
| noi | recuperiamo |
| voi | recuperate |
| loro | recuperino |
Imperative (negative) (Imperativo negativo) Regular
Negative commands use non + full infinitive in modern Italian, which is a distinctive rule compared to other Romance languages. Polite or indirect “please don’t” can still soften the tone in context.
Non aprire quella finestra, per favore.
| Pronoun | Italian |
|---|---|
| tu | non recuperare |
| lui/lei | non recuperi |
| noi | non recuperiamo |
| voi | non recuperate |
| loro | non recuperino |