respingere — Italian conjugation
to reject
Indicative
Present (Presente) Regular
The presente covers habits, ongoing situations, and plans about to start — much like English “I study” and “I am studying”. One present tense does both in Italian.
Lavora da casa tre giorni a settimana.
| Pronoun | Italian | English |
|---|---|---|
| io | respingo | I reject |
| tu | respingi | you reject |
| lui/lei | respinge | he/she/it rejects |
| noi | respingiamo | we reject |
| voi | respingete | you (pl.) reject |
| loro | respingono | they reject |
Simple past (Passato remoto) Irregular
The passato remoto tells a completed, narrative past, especially in the south and in literature. The passato prossimo is the normal spoken past in the north, so you choose register and region, not a difference in time alone.
Quella sera arrivò tardi, senza alibi.
| Pronoun | Italian | English |
|---|---|---|
| io | respinsi | I rejected |
| tu | respingesti | you rejected |
| lui/lei | respinse | he/she/it rejected |
| noi | respingemmo | we rejected |
| voi | respingeste | you (pl.) rejected |
| loro | respinsero | they rejected |
Imperfect (Imperfetto) Regular
The imperfetto is for incomplete past actions, context, and repeated or habitual situations without a clear end. The passato prossimo, not the remoto, is its usual “event” partner in speech.
Da bambina passavo le estati al mare.
| Pronoun | Italian |
|---|---|
| io | respingevo |
| tu | respingevi |
| lui/lei | respingeva |
| noi | respingevamo |
| voi | respingevate |
| loro | respingevano |
Conditional (Condizionale) Regular
The condizionale is for polite “would you…”, first-condition hypotheticals, and reported future from a past point of view. The classic if-chain is se + imperfetto → condizionale.
Potresti alzare un poco la voce?
| Pronoun | Italian | English |
|---|---|---|
| io | respingerei | I would reject |
| tu | respingeresti | you would reject |
| lui/lei | respingerebbe | he/she/it would reject |
| noi | respingeremmo | we would reject |
| voi | respingereste | you (pl.) would reject |
| loro | respingerebbero | they would reject |
Future (Futuro semplice) Regular
The futuro semplice is for predictions and far decisions. In speech you often hear the present (with a time adverb) or a paraphrase, and a famous trick is the futuro di probabilità for a present guess: saranno le tre.
Domani partiremo all'alba.
| Pronoun | Italian | English |
|---|---|---|
| io | respingerò | I will reject |
| tu | respingerai | you will reject |
| lui/lei | respingerà | he/she/it will reject |
| noi | respingeremo | we will reject |
| voi | respingerete | you (pl.) will reject |
| loro | respingeranno | they will reject |
Present perfect (Passato prossimo) Regular
The passato prossimo is the workhorse preterit-like past in the north and in everyday Italian: avere/essere + participle, essere for reflexives, motion, and other change-of-state patterns.
Siamo andati a piedi, poi abbiamo preso l'autobus.
| Pronoun | Italian | English |
|---|---|---|
| io | ho respinto | I have rejected |
| tu | hai respinto | you have rejected |
| lui/lei | ha respinto | he/she/it has rejected |
| noi | abbiamo respinto | we have rejected |
| voi | avete respinto | you (pl.) have rejected |
| loro | hanno respinto | they have rejected |
Pluperfect (Trapassato prossimo) Regular
The trapassato prossimo is “further in the past than another past” — the Italian pluperfect. It pairs with a main past clause to mark sequence.
Avevamo già mangiato quando suonò il telefono.
| Pronoun | Italian | English |
|---|---|---|
| io | avevo respinto | I had rejected |
| tu | avevi respinto | you had rejected |
| lui/lei | aveva respinto | he/she/it had rejected |
| noi | avevamo respinto | we had rejected |
| voi | avevate respinto | you (pl.) had rejected |
| loro | avevano respinto | they had rejected |
Conditional perfect (Condizionale passato) Regular
The condizionale passato is for unreal or missed past results and often appears with se + trapassato prossimo in the protasis.
Avrei accettato, se mi avessero avvisato in tempo.
| Pronoun | Italian |
|---|---|
| io | avrei respinto |
| tu | avresti respinto |
| lui/lei | avrebbe respinto |
| noi | avremmo respinto |
| voi | avreste respinto |
| loro | avrebbero respinto |
Future perfect (Futuro anteriore) Regular
The futuro anteriore says something will already be over before a still-later future, or, like the French, can express a logical guess about a past result.
Entro le cinque, avrà già lasciato l'ufficio.
| Pronoun | Italian | English |
|---|---|---|
| io | avrò respinto | I will have rejected |
| tu | avrai respinto | you will have rejected |
| lui/lei | avrà respinto | he/she/it will have rejected |
| noi | avremo respinto | we will have rejected |
| voi | avrete respinto | you (pl.) will have rejected |
| loro | avranno respinto | they will have rejected |
Subjunctive
Present subjunctive (Congiuntivo presente) Regular
The congiuntivo presente is required after many verbs and fixed phrases of will, fear, purpose, and doubt. Impersonal and semi-impersonal triggers (è importante che) also force the subjunctive mood.
Penso che sia la scelta giusta.
| Pronoun | Italian |
|---|---|
| io | respinga |
| tu | respinga |
| lui/lei | respinga |
| noi | respingiamo |
| voi | respingiate |
| loro | respingano |
Imperfect subjunctive (Congiuntivo imperfetto) Regular
The congiuntivo imperfetto is the past of the congiuntivo system after a past matrix clause and in se + congi. imperf. → condizionale with unreal conditions.
Se avessi più tempo, viaggerei ogni mese.
| Pronoun | Italian |
|---|---|
| io | respingessi |
| tu | respingessi |
| lui/lei | respingesse |
| noi | respingessimo |
| voi | respingeste |
| loro | respingessero |
Other forms
Imperative (affirmative) (Imperativo) Regular
The affirmative imperativo reuses the tu form as 3sg for -are verbs, while other conjugations use the normal tu present. It is the direct command register.
Raccontami com'è andata l'esame.
| Pronoun | Italian |
|---|---|
| tu | respingi |
| lui/lei | respinga |
| noi | respingiamo |
| voi | respingete |
| loro | respingano |
Imperative (negative) (Imperativo negativo) Regular
Negative commands use non + full infinitive in modern Italian, which is a distinctive rule compared to other Romance languages. Polite or indirect “please don’t” can still soften the tone in context.
Non aprire quella finestra, per favore.
| Pronoun | Italian |
|---|---|
| tu | non respingere |
| lui/lei | non respinga |
| noi | non respingiamo |
| voi | non respingete |
| loro | non respingano |