rivolgere — Italian conjugation
to turn
Indicative
Present (Presente) Regular
The presente covers habits, ongoing situations, and plans about to start — much like English “I study” and “I am studying”. One present tense does both in Italian.
Lavora da casa tre giorni a settimana.
| Pronoun | Italian | English |
|---|---|---|
| io | rivolgo | I turn |
| tu | rivolgi | you turn |
| lui/lei | rivolge | he/she/it turns |
| noi | rivolgiamo | we turn |
| voi | rivolgete | you (pl.) turn |
| loro | rivolgono | they turn |
Simple past (Passato remoto) Regular
The passato remoto tells a completed, narrative past, especially in the south and in literature. The passato prossimo is the normal spoken past in the north, so you choose register and region, not a difference in time alone.
Quella sera arrivò tardi, senza alibi.
| Pronoun | Italian | English |
|---|---|---|
| io | rivolsi | I turned |
| tu | rivolgesti | you turned |
| lui/lei | rivolse | he/she/it turned |
| noi | rivolgemmo | we turned |
| voi | rivolgeste | you (pl.) turned |
| loro | rivolsero | they turned |
Imperfect (Imperfetto) Regular
The imperfetto is for incomplete past actions, context, and repeated or habitual situations without a clear end. The passato prossimo, not the remoto, is its usual “event” partner in speech.
Da bambina passavo le estati al mare.
| Pronoun | Italian |
|---|---|
| io | rivolgevo |
| tu | rivolgevi |
| lui/lei | rivolgeva |
| noi | rivolgevamo |
| voi | rivolgevate |
| loro | rivolgevano |
Conditional (Condizionale) Regular
The condizionale is for polite “would you…”, first-condition hypotheticals, and reported future from a past point of view. The classic if-chain is se + imperfetto → condizionale.
Potresti alzare un poco la voce?
| Pronoun | Italian | English |
|---|---|---|
| io | rivolgerei | I would turn |
| tu | rivolgeresti | you would turn |
| lui/lei | rivolgerebbe | he/she/it would turn |
| noi | rivolgeremmo | we would turn |
| voi | rivolgereste | you (pl.) would turn |
| loro | rivolgerebbero | they would turn |
Future (Futuro semplice) Regular
The futuro semplice is for predictions and far decisions. In speech you often hear the present (with a time adverb) or a paraphrase, and a famous trick is the futuro di probabilità for a present guess: saranno le tre.
Domani partiremo all'alba.
| Pronoun | Italian | English |
|---|---|---|
| io | rivolgerò | I will turn |
| tu | rivolgerai | you will turn |
| lui/lei | rivolgerà | he/she/it will turn |
| noi | rivolgeremo | we will turn |
| voi | rivolgerete | you (pl.) will turn |
| loro | rivolgeranno | they will turn |
Present perfect (Passato prossimo) Regular
The passato prossimo is the workhorse preterit-like past in the north and in everyday Italian: avere/essere + participle, essere for reflexives, motion, and other change-of-state patterns.
Siamo andati a piedi, poi abbiamo preso l'autobus.
| Pronoun | Italian | English |
|---|---|---|
| io | ho rivolto | I have turned |
| tu | hai rivolto | you have turned |
| lui/lei | ha rivolto | he/she/it has turned |
| noi | abbiamo rivolto | we have turned |
| voi | avete rivolto | you (pl.) have turned |
| loro | hanno rivolto | they have turned |
Pluperfect (Trapassato prossimo) Regular
The trapassato prossimo is “further in the past than another past” — the Italian pluperfect. It pairs with a main past clause to mark sequence.
Avevamo già mangiato quando suonò il telefono.
| Pronoun | Italian | English |
|---|---|---|
| io | avevo rivolto | I had turned |
| tu | avevi rivolto | you had turned |
| lui/lei | aveva rivolto | he/she/it had turned |
| noi | avevamo rivolto | we had turned |
| voi | avevate rivolto | you (pl.) had turned |
| loro | avevano rivolto | they had turned |
Conditional perfect (Condizionale passato) Regular
The condizionale passato is for unreal or missed past results and often appears with se + trapassato prossimo in the protasis.
Avrei accettato, se mi avessero avvisato in tempo.
| Pronoun | Italian |
|---|---|
| io | avrei rivolto |
| tu | avresti rivolto |
| lui/lei | avrebbe rivolto |
| noi | avremmo rivolto |
| voi | avreste rivolto |
| loro | avrebbero rivolto |
Future perfect (Futuro anteriore) Regular
The futuro anteriore says something will already be over before a still-later future, or, like the French, can express a logical guess about a past result.
Entro le cinque, avrà già lasciato l'ufficio.
| Pronoun | Italian | English |
|---|---|---|
| io | avrò rivolto | I will have turned |
| tu | avrai rivolto | you will have turned |
| lui/lei | avrà rivolto | he/she/it will have turned |
| noi | avremo rivolto | we will have turned |
| voi | avrete rivolto | you (pl.) will have turned |
| loro | avranno rivolto | they will have turned |
Subjunctive
Present subjunctive (Congiuntivo presente) Regular
The congiuntivo presente is required after many verbs and fixed phrases of will, fear, purpose, and doubt. Impersonal and semi-impersonal triggers (è importante che) also force the subjunctive mood.
Penso che sia la scelta giusta.
| Pronoun | Italian |
|---|---|
| io | rivolga |
| tu | rivolga |
| lui/lei | rivolga |
| noi | rivolgiamo |
| voi | rivolgiate |
| loro | rivolgano |
Imperfect subjunctive (Congiuntivo imperfetto) Regular
The congiuntivo imperfetto is the past of the congiuntivo system after a past matrix clause and in se + congi. imperf. → condizionale with unreal conditions.
Se avessi più tempo, viaggerei ogni mese.
| Pronoun | Italian |
|---|---|
| io | rivolgessi |
| tu | rivolgessi |
| lui/lei | rivolgesse |
| noi | rivolgessimo |
| voi | rivolgeste |
| loro | rivolgessero |
Other forms
Imperative (affirmative) (Imperativo) Regular
The affirmative imperativo reuses the tu form as 3sg for -are verbs, while other conjugations use the normal tu present. It is the direct command register.
Raccontami com'è andata l'esame.
| Pronoun | Italian |
|---|---|
| tu | rivolgi |
| lui/lei | rivolga |
| noi | rivolgiamo |
| voi | rivolgete |
| loro | rivolgano |
Imperative (negative) (Imperativo negativo) Regular
Negative commands use non + full infinitive in modern Italian, which is a distinctive rule compared to other Romance languages. Polite or indirect “please don’t” can still soften the tone in context.
Non aprire quella finestra, per favore.
| Pronoun | Italian |
|---|---|
| tu | non rivolgere |
| lui/lei | non rivolga |
| noi | non rivolgiamo |
| voi | non rivolgete |
| loro | non rivolgano |