rivoltare — Italian conjugation
to turn over
Indicative
Present (Presente) Regular
The presente covers habits, ongoing situations, and plans about to start — much like English “I study” and “I am studying”. One present tense does both in Italian.
Lavora da casa tre giorni a settimana.
| Pronoun | Italian | English |
|---|---|---|
| io | rivolto | I turn over |
| tu | rivolti | you turn over |
| lui/lei | rivolta | he/she/it turns over |
| noi | rivoltiamo | we turn over |
| voi | rivoltate | you (pl.) turn over |
| loro | rivoltano | they turn over |
Simple past (Passato remoto) Regular
The passato remoto tells a completed, narrative past, especially in the south and in literature. The passato prossimo is the normal spoken past in the north, so you choose register and region, not a difference in time alone.
Quella sera arrivò tardi, senza alibi.
| Pronoun | Italian | English |
|---|---|---|
| io | rivoltai | I turned over |
| tu | rivoltasti | you turned over |
| lui/lei | rivoltò | he/she/it turned over |
| noi | rivoltammo | we turned over |
| voi | rivoltaste | you (pl.) turned over |
| loro | rivoltarono | they turned over |
Imperfect (Imperfetto) Regular
The imperfetto is for incomplete past actions, context, and repeated or habitual situations without a clear end. The passato prossimo, not the remoto, is its usual “event” partner in speech.
Da bambina passavo le estati al mare.
| Pronoun | Italian |
|---|---|
| io | rivoltavo |
| tu | rivoltavi |
| lui/lei | rivoltava |
| noi | rivoltavamo |
| voi | rivoltavate |
| loro | rivoltavano |
Conditional (Condizionale) Regular
The condizionale is for polite “would you…”, first-condition hypotheticals, and reported future from a past point of view. The classic if-chain is se + imperfetto → condizionale.
Potresti alzare un poco la voce?
| Pronoun | Italian | English |
|---|---|---|
| io | rivolterei | I would turn over |
| tu | rivolteresti | you would turn over |
| lui/lei | rivolterebbe | he/she/it would turn over |
| noi | rivolteremmo | we would turn over |
| voi | rivoltereste | you (pl.) would turn over |
| loro | rivolterebbero | they would turn over |
Future (Futuro semplice) Regular
The futuro semplice is for predictions and far decisions. In speech you often hear the present (with a time adverb) or a paraphrase, and a famous trick is the futuro di probabilità for a present guess: saranno le tre.
Domani partiremo all'alba.
| Pronoun | Italian | English |
|---|---|---|
| io | rivolterò | I will turn over |
| tu | rivolterai | you will turn over |
| lui/lei | rivolterà | he/she/it will turn over |
| noi | rivolteremo | we will turn over |
| voi | rivolterete | you (pl.) will turn over |
| loro | rivolteranno | they will turn over |
Present perfect (Passato prossimo) Regular
The passato prossimo is the workhorse preterit-like past in the north and in everyday Italian: avere/essere + participle, essere for reflexives, motion, and other change-of-state patterns.
Siamo andati a piedi, poi abbiamo preso l'autobus.
| Pronoun | Italian | English |
|---|---|---|
| io | ho rivoltato | I have turned over |
| tu | hai rivoltato | you have turned over |
| lui/lei | ha rivoltato | he/she/it has turned over |
| noi | abbiamo rivoltato | we have turned over |
| voi | avete rivoltato | you (pl.) have turned over |
| loro | hanno rivoltato | they have turned over |
Pluperfect (Trapassato prossimo) Regular
The trapassato prossimo is “further in the past than another past” — the Italian pluperfect. It pairs with a main past clause to mark sequence.
Avevamo già mangiato quando suonò il telefono.
| Pronoun | Italian | English |
|---|---|---|
| io | avevo rivoltato | I had turned over |
| tu | avevi rivoltato | you had turned over |
| lui/lei | aveva rivoltato | he/she/it had turned over |
| noi | avevamo rivoltato | we had turned over |
| voi | avevate rivoltato | you (pl.) had turned over |
| loro | avevano rivoltato | they had turned over |
Conditional perfect (Condizionale passato) Regular
The condizionale passato is for unreal or missed past results and often appears with se + trapassato prossimo in the protasis.
Avrei accettato, se mi avessero avvisato in tempo.
| Pronoun | Italian |
|---|---|
| io | avrei rivoltato |
| tu | avresti rivoltato |
| lui/lei | avrebbe rivoltato |
| noi | avremmo rivoltato |
| voi | avreste rivoltato |
| loro | avrebbero rivoltato |
Future perfect (Futuro anteriore) Regular
The futuro anteriore says something will already be over before a still-later future, or, like the French, can express a logical guess about a past result.
Entro le cinque, avrà già lasciato l'ufficio.
| Pronoun | Italian | English |
|---|---|---|
| io | avrò rivoltato | I will have turned over |
| tu | avrai rivoltato | you will have turned over |
| lui/lei | avrà rivoltato | he/she/it will have turned over |
| noi | avremo rivoltato | we will have turned over |
| voi | avrete rivoltato | you (pl.) will have turned over |
| loro | avranno rivoltato | they will have turned over |
Subjunctive
Present subjunctive (Congiuntivo presente) Regular
The congiuntivo presente is required after many verbs and fixed phrases of will, fear, purpose, and doubt. Impersonal and semi-impersonal triggers (è importante che) also force the subjunctive mood.
Penso che sia la scelta giusta.
| Pronoun | Italian |
|---|---|
| io | rivolti |
| tu | rivolti |
| lui/lei | rivolti |
| noi | rivoltiamo |
| voi | rivoltiate |
| loro | rivoltino |
Imperfect subjunctive (Congiuntivo imperfetto) Regular
The congiuntivo imperfetto is the past of the congiuntivo system after a past matrix clause and in se + congi. imperf. → condizionale with unreal conditions.
Se avessi più tempo, viaggerei ogni mese.
| Pronoun | Italian |
|---|---|
| io | rivoltassi |
| tu | rivoltassi |
| lui/lei | rivoltasse |
| noi | rivoltassimo |
| voi | rivoltaste |
| loro | rivoltassero |
Other forms
Imperative (affirmative) (Imperativo) Regular
The affirmative imperativo reuses the tu form as 3sg for -are verbs, while other conjugations use the normal tu present. It is the direct command register.
Raccontami com'è andata l'esame.
| Pronoun | Italian |
|---|---|
| tu | rivolta |
| lui/lei | rivolti |
| noi | rivoltiamo |
| voi | rivoltate |
| loro | rivoltino |
Imperative (negative) (Imperativo negativo) Regular
Negative commands use non + full infinitive in modern Italian, which is a distinctive rule compared to other Romance languages. Polite or indirect “please don’t” can still soften the tone in context.
Non aprire quella finestra, per favore.
| Pronoun | Italian |
|---|---|
| tu | non rivoltare |
| lui/lei | non rivolti |
| noi | non rivoltiamo |
| voi | non rivoltate |
| loro | non rivoltino |