sorvolare — Italian conjugation
to fly over
Indicative
Present (Presente) Regular
The presente covers habits, ongoing situations, and plans about to start — much like English “I study” and “I am studying”. One present tense does both in Italian.
Lavora da casa tre giorni a settimana.
| Pronoun | Italian | English |
|---|---|---|
| io | sorvolo | I fly over |
| tu | sorvoli | you fly over |
| lui/lei | sorvola | he/she/it flies over |
| noi | sorvoliamo | we fly over |
| voi | sorvolate | you (pl.) fly over |
| loro | sorvolano | they fly over |
Simple past (Passato remoto) Regular
The passato remoto tells a completed, narrative past, especially in the south and in literature. The passato prossimo is the normal spoken past in the north, so you choose register and region, not a difference in time alone.
Quella sera arrivò tardi, senza alibi.
| Pronoun | Italian | English |
|---|---|---|
| io | sorvolai | I flew over |
| tu | sorvolasti | you flew over |
| lui/lei | sorvolò | he/she/it flew over |
| noi | sorvolammo | we flew over |
| voi | sorvolaste | you (pl.) flew over |
| loro | sorvolarono | they flew over |
Imperfect (Imperfetto) Regular
The imperfetto is for incomplete past actions, context, and repeated or habitual situations without a clear end. The passato prossimo, not the remoto, is its usual “event” partner in speech.
Da bambina passavo le estati al mare.
| Pronoun | Italian |
|---|---|
| io | sorvolavo |
| tu | sorvolavi |
| lui/lei | sorvolava |
| noi | sorvolavamo |
| voi | sorvolavate |
| loro | sorvolavano |
Conditional (Condizionale) Regular
The condizionale is for polite “would you…”, first-condition hypotheticals, and reported future from a past point of view. The classic if-chain is se + imperfetto → condizionale.
Potresti alzare un poco la voce?
| Pronoun | Italian | English |
|---|---|---|
| io | sorvolerei | I would fly over |
| tu | sorvoleresti | you would fly over |
| lui/lei | sorvolerebbe | he/she/it would fly over |
| noi | sorvoleremmo | we would fly over |
| voi | sorvolereste | you (pl.) would fly over |
| loro | sorvolerebbero | they would fly over |
Future (Futuro semplice) Regular
The futuro semplice is for predictions and far decisions. In speech you often hear the present (with a time adverb) or a paraphrase, and a famous trick is the futuro di probabilità for a present guess: saranno le tre.
Domani partiremo all'alba.
| Pronoun | Italian | English |
|---|---|---|
| io | sorvolerò | I will fly over |
| tu | sorvolerai | you will fly over |
| lui/lei | sorvolerà | he/she/it will fly over |
| noi | sorvoleremo | we will fly over |
| voi | sorvolerete | you (pl.) will fly over |
| loro | sorvoleranno | they will fly over |
Present perfect (Passato prossimo) Regular
The passato prossimo is the workhorse preterit-like past in the north and in everyday Italian: avere/essere + participle, essere for reflexives, motion, and other change-of-state patterns.
Siamo andati a piedi, poi abbiamo preso l'autobus.
| Pronoun | Italian | English |
|---|---|---|
| io | ho sorvolato | I have flown over |
| tu | hai sorvolato | you have flown over |
| lui/lei | ha sorvolato | he/she/it has flown over |
| noi | abbiamo sorvolato | we have flown over |
| voi | avete sorvolato | you (pl.) have flown over |
| loro | hanno sorvolato | they have flown over |
Pluperfect (Trapassato prossimo) Regular
The trapassato prossimo is “further in the past than another past” — the Italian pluperfect. It pairs with a main past clause to mark sequence.
Avevamo già mangiato quando suonò il telefono.
| Pronoun | Italian | English |
|---|---|---|
| io | avevo sorvolato | I had flown over |
| tu | avevi sorvolato | you had flown over |
| lui/lei | aveva sorvolato | he/she/it had flown over |
| noi | avevamo sorvolato | we had flown over |
| voi | avevate sorvolato | you (pl.) had flown over |
| loro | avevano sorvolato | they had flown over |
Conditional perfect (Condizionale passato) Regular
The condizionale passato is for unreal or missed past results and often appears with se + trapassato prossimo in the protasis.
Avrei accettato, se mi avessero avvisato in tempo.
| Pronoun | Italian |
|---|---|
| io | avrei sorvolato |
| tu | avresti sorvolato |
| lui/lei | avrebbe sorvolato |
| noi | avremmo sorvolato |
| voi | avreste sorvolato |
| loro | avrebbero sorvolato |
Future perfect (Futuro anteriore) Regular
The futuro anteriore says something will already be over before a still-later future, or, like the French, can express a logical guess about a past result.
Entro le cinque, avrà già lasciato l'ufficio.
| Pronoun | Italian | English |
|---|---|---|
| io | avrò sorvolato | I will have flown over |
| tu | avrai sorvolato | you will have flown over |
| lui/lei | avrà sorvolato | he/she/it will have flown over |
| noi | avremo sorvolato | we will have flown over |
| voi | avrete sorvolato | you (pl.) will have flown over |
| loro | avranno sorvolato | they will have flown over |
Subjunctive
Present subjunctive (Congiuntivo presente) Regular
The congiuntivo presente is required after many verbs and fixed phrases of will, fear, purpose, and doubt. Impersonal and semi-impersonal triggers (è importante che) also force the subjunctive mood.
Penso che sia la scelta giusta.
| Pronoun | Italian |
|---|---|
| io | sorvoli |
| tu | sorvoli |
| lui/lei | sorvoli |
| noi | sorvoliamo |
| voi | sorvoliate |
| loro | sorvolino |
Imperfect subjunctive (Congiuntivo imperfetto) Regular
The congiuntivo imperfetto is the past of the congiuntivo system after a past matrix clause and in se + congi. imperf. → condizionale with unreal conditions.
Se avessi più tempo, viaggerei ogni mese.
| Pronoun | Italian |
|---|---|
| io | sorvolassi |
| tu | sorvolassi |
| lui/lei | sorvolasse |
| noi | sorvolassimo |
| voi | sorvolaste |
| loro | sorvolassero |
Other forms
Imperative (affirmative) (Imperativo) Regular
The affirmative imperativo reuses the tu form as 3sg for -are verbs, while other conjugations use the normal tu present. It is the direct command register.
Raccontami com'è andata l'esame.
| Pronoun | Italian |
|---|---|
| tu | sorvola |
| lui/lei | sorvoli |
| noi | sorvoliamo |
| voi | sorvolate |
| loro | sorvolino |
Imperative (negative) (Imperativo negativo) Regular
Negative commands use non + full infinitive in modern Italian, which is a distinctive rule compared to other Romance languages. Polite or indirect “please don’t” can still soften the tone in context.
Non aprire quella finestra, per favore.
| Pronoun | Italian |
|---|---|
| tu | non sorvolare |
| lui/lei | non sorvoli |
| noi | non sorvoliamo |
| voi | non sorvolate |
| loro | non sorvolino |