subire — Italian conjugation
to undergo
Indicative
Present (Presente) Regular
The presente covers habits, ongoing situations, and plans about to start — much like English “I study” and “I am studying”. One present tense does both in Italian.
Lavora da casa tre giorni a settimana.
| Pronoun | Italian | English |
|---|---|---|
| io | subisco | I undergo |
| tu | subisci | you undergo |
| lui/lei | subisce | he/she/it undergoes |
| noi | subiamo | we undergo |
| voi | subite | you (pl.) undergo |
| loro | subiscono | they undergo |
Simple past (Passato remoto) Regular
The passato remoto tells a completed, narrative past, especially in the south and in literature. The passato prossimo is the normal spoken past in the north, so you choose register and region, not a difference in time alone.
Quella sera arrivò tardi, senza alibi.
| Pronoun | Italian | English |
|---|---|---|
| io | subii | I underwent |
| tu | subisti | you underwent |
| lui/lei | subì | he/she/it underwent |
| noi | subimmo | we underwent |
| voi | subiste | you (pl.) underwent |
| loro | subirono | they underwent |
Imperfect (Imperfetto) Regular
The imperfetto is for incomplete past actions, context, and repeated or habitual situations without a clear end. The passato prossimo, not the remoto, is its usual “event” partner in speech.
Da bambina passavo le estati al mare.
| Pronoun | Italian |
|---|---|
| io | subivo |
| tu | subivi |
| lui/lei | subiva |
| noi | subivamo |
| voi | subivate |
| loro | subivano |
Conditional (Condizionale) Regular
The condizionale is for polite “would you…”, first-condition hypotheticals, and reported future from a past point of view. The classic if-chain is se + imperfetto → condizionale.
Potresti alzare un poco la voce?
| Pronoun | Italian | English |
|---|---|---|
| io | subirei | I would undergo |
| tu | subiresti | you would undergo |
| lui/lei | subirebbe | he/she/it would undergo |
| noi | subiremmo | we would undergo |
| voi | subireste | you (pl.) would undergo |
| loro | subirebbero | they would undergo |
Future (Futuro semplice) Regular
The futuro semplice is for predictions and far decisions. In speech you often hear the present (with a time adverb) or a paraphrase, and a famous trick is the futuro di probabilità for a present guess: saranno le tre.
Domani partiremo all'alba.
| Pronoun | Italian | English |
|---|---|---|
| io | subirò | I will undergo |
| tu | subirai | you will undergo |
| lui/lei | subirà | he/she/it will undergo |
| noi | subiremo | we will undergo |
| voi | subirete | you (pl.) will undergo |
| loro | subiranno | they will undergo |
Present perfect (Passato prossimo) Regular
The passato prossimo is the workhorse preterit-like past in the north and in everyday Italian: avere/essere + participle, essere for reflexives, motion, and other change-of-state patterns.
Siamo andati a piedi, poi abbiamo preso l'autobus.
| Pronoun | Italian | English |
|---|---|---|
| io | ho subito | I have undergone |
| tu | hai subito | you have undergone |
| lui/lei | ha subito | he/she/it has undergone |
| noi | abbiamo subito | we have undergone |
| voi | avete subito | you (pl.) have undergone |
| loro | hanno subito | they have undergone |
Pluperfect (Trapassato prossimo) Regular
The trapassato prossimo is “further in the past than another past” — the Italian pluperfect. It pairs with a main past clause to mark sequence.
Avevamo già mangiato quando suonò il telefono.
| Pronoun | Italian | English |
|---|---|---|
| io | avevo subito | I had undergone |
| tu | avevi subito | you had undergone |
| lui/lei | aveva subito | he/she/it had undergone |
| noi | avevamo subito | we had undergone |
| voi | avevate subito | you (pl.) had undergone |
| loro | avevano subito | they had undergone |
Conditional perfect (Condizionale passato) Regular
The condizionale passato is for unreal or missed past results and often appears with se + trapassato prossimo in the protasis.
Avrei accettato, se mi avessero avvisato in tempo.
| Pronoun | Italian |
|---|---|
| io | avrei subito |
| tu | avresti subito |
| lui/lei | avrebbe subito |
| noi | avremmo subito |
| voi | avreste subito |
| loro | avrebbero subito |
Future perfect (Futuro anteriore) Regular
The futuro anteriore says something will already be over before a still-later future, or, like the French, can express a logical guess about a past result.
Entro le cinque, avrà già lasciato l'ufficio.
| Pronoun | Italian | English |
|---|---|---|
| io | avrò subito | I will have undergone |
| tu | avrai subito | you will have undergone |
| lui/lei | avrà subito | he/she/it will have undergone |
| noi | avremo subito | we will have undergone |
| voi | avrete subito | you (pl.) will have undergone |
| loro | avranno subito | they will have undergone |
Subjunctive
Present subjunctive (Congiuntivo presente) Regular
The congiuntivo presente is required after many verbs and fixed phrases of will, fear, purpose, and doubt. Impersonal and semi-impersonal triggers (è importante che) also force the subjunctive mood.
Penso che sia la scelta giusta.
| Pronoun | Italian |
|---|---|
| io | subisca |
| tu | subisca |
| lui/lei | subisca |
| noi | subiamo |
| voi | subiate |
| loro | subiscano |
Imperfect subjunctive (Congiuntivo imperfetto) Regular
The congiuntivo imperfetto is the past of the congiuntivo system after a past matrix clause and in se + congi. imperf. → condizionale with unreal conditions.
Se avessi più tempo, viaggerei ogni mese.
| Pronoun | Italian |
|---|---|
| io | subissi |
| tu | subissi |
| lui/lei | subisse |
| noi | subissimo |
| voi | subiste |
| loro | subissero |
Other forms
Imperative (affirmative) (Imperativo) Regular
The affirmative imperativo reuses the tu form as 3sg for -are verbs, while other conjugations use the normal tu present. It is the direct command register.
Raccontami com'è andata l'esame.
| Pronoun | Italian |
|---|---|
| tu | subisci |
| lui/lei | subisca |
| noi | subiamo |
| voi | subite |
| loro | subiscano |
Imperative (negative) (Imperativo negativo) Regular
Negative commands use non + full infinitive in modern Italian, which is a distinctive rule compared to other Romance languages. Polite or indirect “please don’t” can still soften the tone in context.
Non aprire quella finestra, per favore.
| Pronoun | Italian |
|---|---|
| tu | non subire |
| lui/lei | non subisca |
| noi | non subiamo |
| voi | non subite |
| loro | non subiscano |