superare — Italian conjugation
to overcome
Indicative
Present (Presente) Regular
The presente covers habits, ongoing situations, and plans about to start — much like English “I study” and “I am studying”. One present tense does both in Italian.
Lavora da casa tre giorni a settimana.
| Pronoun | Italian | English |
|---|---|---|
| io | supero | I overcome |
| tu | superi | you overcome |
| lui/lei | supera | he/she/it overcomes |
| noi | superiamo | we overcome |
| voi | superate | you (pl.) overcome |
| loro | superano | they overcome |
Simple past (Passato remoto) Regular
The passato remoto tells a completed, narrative past, especially in the south and in literature. The passato prossimo is the normal spoken past in the north, so you choose register and region, not a difference in time alone.
Quella sera arrivò tardi, senza alibi.
| Pronoun | Italian | English |
|---|---|---|
| io | superai | I overcame |
| tu | superasti | you overcame |
| lui/lei | superò | he/she/it overcame |
| noi | superammo | we overcame |
| voi | superaste | you (pl.) overcame |
| loro | superarono | they overcame |
Imperfect (Imperfetto) Regular
The imperfetto is for incomplete past actions, context, and repeated or habitual situations without a clear end. The passato prossimo, not the remoto, is its usual “event” partner in speech.
Da bambina passavo le estati al mare.
| Pronoun | Italian |
|---|---|
| io | superavo |
| tu | superavi |
| lui/lei | superava |
| noi | superavamo |
| voi | superavate |
| loro | superavano |
Conditional (Condizionale) Regular
The condizionale is for polite “would you…”, first-condition hypotheticals, and reported future from a past point of view. The classic if-chain is se + imperfetto → condizionale.
Potresti alzare un poco la voce?
| Pronoun | Italian | English |
|---|---|---|
| io | supererei | I would overcome |
| tu | supereresti | you would overcome |
| lui/lei | supererebbe | he/she/it would overcome |
| noi | supereremmo | we would overcome |
| voi | superereste | you (pl.) would overcome |
| loro | supererebbero | they would overcome |
Future (Futuro semplice) Regular
The futuro semplice is for predictions and far decisions. In speech you often hear the present (with a time adverb) or a paraphrase, and a famous trick is the futuro di probabilità for a present guess: saranno le tre.
Domani partiremo all'alba.
| Pronoun | Italian | English |
|---|---|---|
| io | supererò | I will overcome |
| tu | supererai | you will overcome |
| lui/lei | supererà | he/she/it will overcome |
| noi | supereremo | we will overcome |
| voi | supererete | you (pl.) will overcome |
| loro | supereranno | they will overcome |
Present perfect (Passato prossimo) Regular
The passato prossimo is the workhorse preterit-like past in the north and in everyday Italian: avere/essere + participle, essere for reflexives, motion, and other change-of-state patterns.
Siamo andati a piedi, poi abbiamo preso l'autobus.
| Pronoun | Italian | English |
|---|---|---|
| io | ho superato | I have overcome |
| tu | hai superato | you have overcome |
| lui/lei | ha superato | he/she/it has overcome |
| noi | abbiamo superato | we have overcome |
| voi | avete superato | you (pl.) have overcome |
| loro | hanno superato | they have overcome |
Pluperfect (Trapassato prossimo) Regular
The trapassato prossimo is “further in the past than another past” — the Italian pluperfect. It pairs with a main past clause to mark sequence.
Avevamo già mangiato quando suonò il telefono.
| Pronoun | Italian | English |
|---|---|---|
| io | avevo superato | I had overcome |
| tu | avevi superato | you had overcome |
| lui/lei | aveva superato | he/she/it had overcome |
| noi | avevamo superato | we had overcome |
| voi | avevate superato | you (pl.) had overcome |
| loro | avevano superato | they had overcome |
Conditional perfect (Condizionale passato) Regular
The condizionale passato is for unreal or missed past results and often appears with se + trapassato prossimo in the protasis.
Avrei accettato, se mi avessero avvisato in tempo.
| Pronoun | Italian |
|---|---|
| io | avrei superato |
| tu | avresti superato |
| lui/lei | avrebbe superato |
| noi | avremmo superato |
| voi | avreste superato |
| loro | avrebbero superato |
Future perfect (Futuro anteriore) Regular
The futuro anteriore says something will already be over before a still-later future, or, like the French, can express a logical guess about a past result.
Entro le cinque, avrà già lasciato l'ufficio.
| Pronoun | Italian | English |
|---|---|---|
| io | avrò superato | I will have overcome |
| tu | avrai superato | you will have overcome |
| lui/lei | avrà superato | he/she/it will have overcome |
| noi | avremo superato | we will have overcome |
| voi | avrete superato | you (pl.) will have overcome |
| loro | avranno superato | they will have overcome |
Subjunctive
Present subjunctive (Congiuntivo presente) Regular
The congiuntivo presente is required after many verbs and fixed phrases of will, fear, purpose, and doubt. Impersonal and semi-impersonal triggers (è importante che) also force the subjunctive mood.
Penso che sia la scelta giusta.
| Pronoun | Italian |
|---|---|
| io | superi |
| tu | superi |
| lui/lei | superi |
| noi | superiamo |
| voi | superiate |
| loro | superino |
Imperfect subjunctive (Congiuntivo imperfetto) Regular
The congiuntivo imperfetto is the past of the congiuntivo system after a past matrix clause and in se + congi. imperf. → condizionale with unreal conditions.
Se avessi più tempo, viaggerei ogni mese.
| Pronoun | Italian |
|---|---|
| io | superassi |
| tu | superassi |
| lui/lei | superasse |
| noi | superassimo |
| voi | superaste |
| loro | superassero |
Other forms
Imperative (affirmative) (Imperativo) Regular
The affirmative imperativo reuses the tu form as 3sg for -are verbs, while other conjugations use the normal tu present. It is the direct command register.
Raccontami com'è andata l'esame.
| Pronoun | Italian |
|---|---|
| tu | supera |
| lui/lei | superi |
| noi | superiamo |
| voi | superate |
| loro | superino |
Imperative (negative) (Imperativo negativo) Regular
Negative commands use non + full infinitive in modern Italian, which is a distinctive rule compared to other Romance languages. Polite or indirect “please don’t” can still soften the tone in context.
Non aprire quella finestra, per favore.
| Pronoun | Italian |
|---|---|
| tu | non superare |
| lui/lei | non superi |
| noi | non superiamo |
| voi | non superate |
| loro | non superino |