acenar — Portuguese conjugation

to greet

Frequency#681Regular

Indicative

Present (Presente) Regular

The presente covers routines, states, and immediate future with adverbs like hoje or amanhã. One present form covers both English simple and progressive readings in most situations.

Ela estuda português todas as noites.

PronounPortugueseEnglish
euacenoI greet
tuacenasyou greet
vocêacenayou greet
ele/elaacenahe/she/it greets
nósacenamoswe greet
vósacenaisyou (pl.) greet
vocêsacenamyou (pl.) greet
eles/elasacenamthey greet

Preterite (Pretérito perfeito simples) Regular

The pretérito perfeito simples is a sharp, completed past. In European Portuguese it is the standard story-telling past; Brazilian usage often prefers the compound form in speech while keeping the simple for narrative and writing.

Ontem escreveu a carta inteira de uma vez.

PronounPortugueseEnglish
euaceneiI greeted
tuacenasteyou greeted
vocêacenouyou greeted
ele/elaacenouhe/she/it greeted
nósacenamoswe greeted
vósacenastesyou (pl.) greeted
vocêsacenaramyou (pl.) greeted
eles/elasacenaramthey greeted

Imperfect (Pretérito imperfeito) Regular

The imperfeito describes past background, repeated actions, and how things used to be. Contrast it with the simple preterite for the “main event” line of a story.

Quando era criança, brincava na praia.

PronounPortuguese
euacenava
tuacenavas
vocêacenava
ele/elaacenava
nósacenávamos
vósacenáveis
vocêsacenavam
eles/elasacenavam

Conditional (Condicional) Regular

The condicional is for polite offers, soft questions, and hypothetical “would” outcomes, and it often closes a se + imperfeito do subjuntivo chain in formal style.

Você poderia me explicar outra vez?

PronounPortugueseEnglish
euacenariaI would greet
tuacenariasyou would greet
vocêacenariayou would greet
ele/elaacenariahe/she/it would greet
nósacenaríamoswe would greet
vósacenaríeisyou (pl.) would greet
vocêsacenariamyou (pl.) would greet
eles/elasacenariamthey would greet

Future (Futuro do presente) Regular

The futuro do presente states future facts; in everyday conversation you will often hear ir + infinitive or even the present with a time adverb instead of the synthetic future.

Amanhã faremos a reunião mais cedo.

PronounPortugueseEnglish
euacenareiI will greet
tuacenarásyou will greet
vocêacenaráyou will greet
ele/elaacenaráhe/she/it will greet
nósacenaremoswe will greet
vósacenareisyou (pl.) will greet
vocêsacenarãoyou (pl.) will greet
eles/elasacenarãothey will greet

Present perfect (Pretérito perfeito composto) Regular

The pretérito perfeito composto uses ter or haver plus the participle for a past that still touches the present or happens repeatedly up to now — a “have done” perfect with strong links to European norms.

Tenho pensado nisso há semanas.

PronounPortugueseEnglish
eutenho acenadoI have greeted
tutens acenadoyou have greeted
vocêtem acenadoyou have greeted
ele/elatem acenadohe/she/it has greeted
nóstemos acenadowe have greeted
vóstendes acenadoyou (pl.) have greeted
vocêstêm acenadoyou (pl.) have greeted
eles/elastêm acenadothey have greeted

Pluperfect (Mais-que-perfeito composto) Regular

The mais-que-perfeito composto is the pluperfect: an action was already finished before another past reference. It mirrors the English “had already”.

Já tinham saído quando chegámos.

PronounPortugueseEnglish
eutinha acenadoI had greeted
tutinhas acenadoyou had greeted
vocêtinha acenadoyou had greeted
ele/elatinha acenadohe/she/it had greeted
nóstínhamos acenadowe had greeted
vóstínheis acenadoyou (pl.) had greeted
vocêstinham acenadoyou (pl.) had greeted
eles/elastinham acenadothey had greeted

Conditional perfect (Condicional composto) Regular

The condicional composto expresses a counterfactual “would have” and appears with the right kind of if-clause in the subjunctive past for unreal conditions.

Teria aceite se tiveses avisado com antecedência.

PronounPortuguese
euteria acenado
tuterias acenado
vocêteria acenado
ele/elateria acenado
nósteríamos acenado
vósteríeis acenado
vocêsteriam acenado
eles/elasteriam acenado

Future perfect (Futuro composto) Regular

The futuro composto is the future-in-the-future: something will be finished before a later time. It is less frequent than the simple future but still useful for deadlines.

Até sexta, teremos lido tudo o relatório.

PronounPortugueseEnglish
euterei acenadoI will have greeted
tuterás acenadoyou will have greeted
vocêterá acenadoyou will have greeted
ele/elaterá acenadohe/she/it will have greeted
nósteremos acenadowe will have greeted
vóstereis acenadoyou (pl.) will have greeted
vocêsterão acenadoyou (pl.) will have greeted
eles/elasterão acenadothey will have greeted

Subjunctive

Present subjunctive (Conjuntivo presente) Regular

The present subjunctive appears after want, hope, fear, and impersonal triggers, and typically requires a new subject in the subordinate clause, just as in the other main Romance languages.

Espero que encontres o caminho fácil.

PronounPortuguese
euacene
tuacenes
vocêacene
ele/elaacene
nósacenemos
vósaceneis
vocêsacenem
eles/elasacenem

Imperfect subjunctive (Conjuntivo pretérito imperf.) Regular

The imperfect subjunctive in se + subjunctive → condicional is the classic “if I were a rich man” line in European Portuguese, parallel to the Spanish -ra form.

Se tivesse mais tempo, aprenderia outro idioma.

PronounPortuguese
euacenasse
tuacenasses
vocêacenasse
ele/elaacenasse
nósacenássemos
vósacenásseis
vocêsacenassem
eles/elasacenassem

Other forms

Imperative (affirmative) (Imperativo afirmativo) Regular

The affirmative imperative in Portuguese is built with tu, você, nós, vós, and vocês forms; Brazilian norms favour você/vocês with third-person present verb shapes.

Diga a verdade, por favor.

PronounPortuguese
tuacena
vocêacene
ele/elaacene
nósacenemos
vósacenai
vocêsacenem
eles/elasacenem

Imperative (negative) (Imperativo negativo) Regular

Negative commands require não plus the present subjunctive for each person, which is a distinctive feature compared to other Romance systems that reuse present indicative in some slots.

Não falemos com pressa, está tudo calmo.

PronounPortuguese
tunão acenes
vocênão acene
ele/elanão acene
nósnão acenemos
vósnão aceneis
vocêsnão acenem
eles/elasnão acenem