apertar — Portuguese conjugation

to tighten

Frequency#915Irregular

Indicative

Present (Presente) Regular

The presente covers routines, states, and immediate future with adverbs like hoje or amanhã. One present form covers both English simple and progressive readings in most situations.

Ela estuda português todas as noites.

PronounPortugueseEnglish
euapertoI tighten
tuapertasyou tighten
vocêapertayou tighten
ele/elaapertahe/she/it tightens
nósapertamoswe tighten
vósapertaisyou (pl.) tighten
vocêsapertamyou (pl.) tighten
eles/elasapertamthey tighten

Preterite (Pretérito perfeito simples) Irregular

The pretérito perfeito simples is a sharp, completed past. In European Portuguese it is the standard story-telling past; Brazilian usage often prefers the compound form in speech while keeping the simple for narrative and writing.

Ontem escreveu a carta inteira de uma vez.

PronounPortugueseEnglish
euaperteiI tightened
tuapertasteyou tightened
vocêapertouyou tightened
ele/elaapertouhe/she/it tightened
nósapertamoswe tightened
vósapertastesyou (pl.) tightened
vocêsapertaramyou (pl.) tightened
eles/elasapertaramthey tightened

Imperfect (Pretérito imperfeito) Regular

The imperfeito describes past background, repeated actions, and how things used to be. Contrast it with the simple preterite for the “main event” line of a story.

Quando era criança, brincava na praia.

PronounPortuguese
euapertava
tuapertavas
vocêapertava
ele/elaapertava
nósapertávamos
vósapertáveis
vocêsapertavam
eles/elasapertavam

Conditional (Condicional) Regular

The condicional is for polite offers, soft questions, and hypothetical “would” outcomes, and it often closes a se + imperfeito do subjuntivo chain in formal style.

Você poderia me explicar outra vez?

PronounPortugueseEnglish
euapertariaI would tighten
tuapertariasyou would tighten
vocêapertariayou would tighten
ele/elaapertariahe/she/it would tighten
nósapertaríamoswe would tighten
vósapertaríeisyou (pl.) would tighten
vocêsapertariamyou (pl.) would tighten
eles/elasapertariamthey would tighten

Future (Futuro do presente) Regular

The futuro do presente states future facts; in everyday conversation you will often hear ir + infinitive or even the present with a time adverb instead of the synthetic future.

Amanhã faremos a reunião mais cedo.

PronounPortugueseEnglish
euapertareiI will tighten
tuapertarásyou will tighten
vocêapertaráyou will tighten
ele/elaapertaráhe/she/it will tighten
nósapertaremoswe will tighten
vósapertareisyou (pl.) will tighten
vocêsapertarãoyou (pl.) will tighten
eles/elasapertarãothey will tighten

Present perfect (Pretérito perfeito composto) Regular

The pretérito perfeito composto uses ter or haver plus the participle for a past that still touches the present or happens repeatedly up to now — a “have done” perfect with strong links to European norms.

Tenho pensado nisso há semanas.

PronounPortugueseEnglish
eutenho apertadoI have tightened
tutens apertadoyou have tightened
vocêtem apertadoyou have tightened
ele/elatem apertadohe/she/it has tightened
nóstemos apertadowe have tightened
vóstendes apertadoyou (pl.) have tightened
vocêstêm apertadoyou (pl.) have tightened
eles/elastêm apertadothey have tightened

Pluperfect (Mais-que-perfeito composto) Regular

The mais-que-perfeito composto is the pluperfect: an action was already finished before another past reference. It mirrors the English “had already”.

Já tinham saído quando chegámos.

PronounPortugueseEnglish
eutinha apertadoI had tightened
tutinhas apertadoyou had tightened
vocêtinha apertadoyou had tightened
ele/elatinha apertadohe/she/it had tightened
nóstínhamos apertadowe had tightened
vóstínheis apertadoyou (pl.) had tightened
vocêstinham apertadoyou (pl.) had tightened
eles/elastinham apertadothey had tightened

Conditional perfect (Condicional composto) Regular

The condicional composto expresses a counterfactual “would have” and appears with the right kind of if-clause in the subjunctive past for unreal conditions.

Teria aceite se tiveses avisado com antecedência.

PronounPortuguese
euteria apertado
tuterias apertado
vocêteria apertado
ele/elateria apertado
nósteríamos apertado
vósteríeis apertado
vocêsteriam apertado
eles/elasteriam apertado

Future perfect (Futuro composto) Regular

The futuro composto is the future-in-the-future: something will be finished before a later time. It is less frequent than the simple future but still useful for deadlines.

Até sexta, teremos lido tudo o relatório.

PronounPortugueseEnglish
euterei apertadoI will have tightened
tuterás apertadoyou will have tightened
vocêterá apertadoyou will have tightened
ele/elaterá apertadohe/she/it will have tightened
nósteremos apertadowe will have tightened
vóstereis apertadoyou (pl.) will have tightened
vocêsterão apertadoyou (pl.) will have tightened
eles/elasterão apertadothey will have tightened

Subjunctive

Present subjunctive (Conjuntivo presente) Regular

The present subjunctive appears after want, hope, fear, and impersonal triggers, and typically requires a new subject in the subordinate clause, just as in the other main Romance languages.

Espero que encontres o caminho fácil.

PronounPortuguese
euaperte
tuapertes
vocêaperte
ele/elaaperte
nósapertemos
vósaperteis
vocêsapertem
eles/elasapertem

Imperfect subjunctive (Conjuntivo pretérito imperf.) Regular

The imperfect subjunctive in se + subjunctive → condicional is the classic “if I were a rich man” line in European Portuguese, parallel to the Spanish -ra form.

Se tivesse mais tempo, aprenderia outro idioma.

PronounPortuguese
euapertasse
tuapertasses
vocêapertasse
ele/elaapertasse
nósapertássemos
vósapertásseis
vocêsapertassem
eles/elasapertassem

Other forms

Imperative (affirmative) (Imperativo afirmativo) Regular

The affirmative imperative in Portuguese is built with tu, você, nós, vós, and vocês forms; Brazilian norms favour você/vocês with third-person present verb shapes.

Diga a verdade, por favor.

PronounPortuguese
tuaperta
vocêaperte
ele/elaaperte
nósapertemos
vósapertai
vocêsapertem
eles/elasapertem

Imperative (negative) (Imperativo negativo) Regular

Negative commands require não plus the present subjunctive for each person, which is a distinctive feature compared to other Romance systems that reuse present indicative in some slots.

Não falemos com pressa, está tudo calmo.

PronounPortuguese
tunão apertes
vocênão aperte
ele/elanão aperte
nósnão apertemos
vósnão aperteis
vocêsnão apertem
eles/elasnão apertem