chegar — Portuguese conjugation

to arrive

Frequency#15IrregularReflexivechegar-se — to arrive oneself

Indicative

Present (Presente) Regular

The presente covers routines, states, and immediate future with adverbs like hoje or amanhã. One present form covers both English simple and progressive readings in most situations.

Ela estuda português todas as noites.

PronounPortugueseEnglish
euchegoI arrive
tuchegasyou arrive
vocêchegayou arrive
ele/elachegahe/she/it arrives
nóschegamoswe arrive
vóschegaisyou (pl.) arrive
vocêschegamyou (pl.) arrive
eles/elaschegamthey arrive

Preterite (Pretérito perfeito simples) Irregular

The pretérito perfeito simples is a sharp, completed past. In European Portuguese it is the standard story-telling past; Brazilian usage often prefers the compound form in speech while keeping the simple for narrative and writing.

Ontem escreveu a carta inteira de uma vez.

PronounPortugueseEnglish
euchegueiI arrived
tuchegasteyou arrived
vocêchegouyou arrived
ele/elachegouhe/she/it arrived
nóschegamoswe arrived
vóschegastesyou (pl.) arrived
vocêschegaramyou (pl.) arrived
eles/elaschegaramthey arrived

Imperfect (Pretérito imperfeito) Regular

The imperfeito describes past background, repeated actions, and how things used to be. Contrast it with the simple preterite for the “main event” line of a story.

Quando era criança, brincava na praia.

PronounPortuguese
euchegava
tuchegavas
vocêchegava
ele/elachegava
nóschegávamos
vóschegáveis
vocêschegavam
eles/elaschegavam

Conditional (Condicional) Regular

The condicional is for polite offers, soft questions, and hypothetical “would” outcomes, and it often closes a se + imperfeito do subjuntivo chain in formal style.

Você poderia me explicar outra vez?

PronounPortugueseEnglish
euchegariaI would arrive
tuchegariasyou would arrive
vocêchegariayou would arrive
ele/elachegariahe/she/it would arrive
nóschegaríamoswe would arrive
vóschegaríeisyou (pl.) would arrive
vocêschegariamyou (pl.) would arrive
eles/elaschegariamthey would arrive

Future (Futuro do presente) Regular

The futuro do presente states future facts; in everyday conversation you will often hear ir + infinitive or even the present with a time adverb instead of the synthetic future.

Amanhã faremos a reunião mais cedo.

PronounPortugueseEnglish
euchegareiI will arrive
tuchegarásyou will arrive
vocêchegaráyou will arrive
ele/elachegaráhe/she/it will arrive
nóschegaremoswe will arrive
vóschegareisyou (pl.) will arrive
vocêschegarãoyou (pl.) will arrive
eles/elaschegarãothey will arrive

Present perfect (Pretérito perfeito composto) Regular

The pretérito perfeito composto uses ter or haver plus the participle for a past that still touches the present or happens repeatedly up to now — a “have done” perfect with strong links to European norms.

Tenho pensado nisso há semanas.

PronounPortugueseEnglish
eutenho chegadoI have arrived
tutens chegadoyou have arrived
vocêtem chegadoyou have arrived
ele/elatem chegadohe/she/it has arrived
nóstemos chegadowe have arrived
vóstendes chegadoyou (pl.) have arrived
vocêstêm chegadoyou (pl.) have arrived
eles/elastêm chegadothey have arrived

Pluperfect (Mais-que-perfeito composto) Regular

The mais-que-perfeito composto is the pluperfect: an action was already finished before another past reference. It mirrors the English “had already”.

Já tinham saído quando chegámos.

PronounPortugueseEnglish
eutinha chegadoI had arrived
tutinhas chegadoyou had arrived
vocêtinha chegadoyou had arrived
ele/elatinha chegadohe/she/it had arrived
nóstínhamos chegadowe had arrived
vóstínheis chegadoyou (pl.) had arrived
vocêstinham chegadoyou (pl.) had arrived
eles/elastinham chegadothey had arrived

Conditional perfect (Condicional composto) Regular

The condicional composto expresses a counterfactual “would have” and appears with the right kind of if-clause in the subjunctive past for unreal conditions.

Teria aceite se tiveses avisado com antecedência.

PronounPortuguese
euteria chegado
tuterias chegado
vocêteria chegado
ele/elateria chegado
nósteríamos chegado
vósteríeis chegado
vocêsteriam chegado
eles/elasteriam chegado

Future perfect (Futuro composto) Regular

The futuro composto is the future-in-the-future: something will be finished before a later time. It is less frequent than the simple future but still useful for deadlines.

Até sexta, teremos lido tudo o relatório.

PronounPortugueseEnglish
euterei chegadoI will have arrived
tuterás chegadoyou will have arrived
vocêterá chegadoyou will have arrived
ele/elaterá chegadohe/she/it will have arrived
nósteremos chegadowe will have arrived
vóstereis chegadoyou (pl.) will have arrived
vocêsterão chegadoyou (pl.) will have arrived
eles/elasterão chegadothey will have arrived

Subjunctive

Present subjunctive (Conjuntivo presente) Regular

The present subjunctive appears after want, hope, fear, and impersonal triggers, and typically requires a new subject in the subordinate clause, just as in the other main Romance languages.

Espero que encontres o caminho fácil.

PronounPortuguese
euchegue
tuchegues
vocêchegue
ele/elachegue
nóscheguemos
vóschegueis
vocêscheguem
eles/elascheguem

Imperfect subjunctive (Conjuntivo pretérito imperf.) Regular

The imperfect subjunctive in se + subjunctive → condicional is the classic “if I were a rich man” line in European Portuguese, parallel to the Spanish -ra form.

Se tivesse mais tempo, aprenderia outro idioma.

PronounPortuguese
euchegasse
tuchegasses
vocêchegasse
ele/elachegasse
nóschegássemos
vóschegásseis
vocêschegassem
eles/elaschegassem

Other forms

Imperative (affirmative) (Imperativo afirmativo) Regular

The affirmative imperative in Portuguese is built with tu, você, nós, vós, and vocês forms; Brazilian norms favour você/vocês with third-person present verb shapes.

Diga a verdade, por favor.

PronounPortuguese
tuchega
vocêchegue
ele/elachegue
nóscheguemos
vóschegai
vocêscheguem
eles/elascheguem

Imperative (negative) (Imperativo negativo) Regular

Negative commands require não plus the present subjunctive for each person, which is a distinctive feature compared to other Romance systems that reuse present indicative in some slots.

Não falemos com pressa, está tudo calmo.

PronounPortuguese
tunão chegues
vocênão chegue
ele/elanão chegue
nósnão cheguemos
vósnão chegueis
vocêsnão cheguem
eles/elasnão cheguem