compreender — Portuguese conjugation

to understand

Frequency#71Regular

Indicative

Present (Presente) Regular

The presente covers routines, states, and immediate future with adverbs like hoje or amanhã. One present form covers both English simple and progressive readings in most situations.

Ela estuda português todas as noites.

PronounPortugueseEnglish
eucompreendoI understand
tucompreendesyou understand
vocêcompreendeyou understand
ele/elacompreendehe/she/it understands
nóscompreendemoswe understand
vóscompreendeisyou (pl.) understand
vocêscompreendemyou (pl.) understand
eles/elascompreendemthey understand

Preterite (Pretérito perfeito simples) Regular

The pretérito perfeito simples is a sharp, completed past. In European Portuguese it is the standard story-telling past; Brazilian usage often prefers the compound form in speech while keeping the simple for narrative and writing.

Ontem escreveu a carta inteira de uma vez.

PronounPortugueseEnglish
eucompreendiI understood
tucompreendesteyou understood
vocêcompreendeuyou understood
ele/elacompreendeuhe/she/it understood
nóscompreendemoswe understood
vóscompreendestesyou (pl.) understood
vocêscompreenderamyou (pl.) understood
eles/elascompreenderamthey understood

Imperfect (Pretérito imperfeito) Regular

The imperfeito describes past background, repeated actions, and how things used to be. Contrast it with the simple preterite for the “main event” line of a story.

Quando era criança, brincava na praia.

PronounPortuguese
eucompreendia
tucompreendias
vocêcompreendia
ele/elacompreendia
nóscompreendíamos
vóscompreendíeis
vocêscompreendiam
eles/elascompreendiam

Conditional (Condicional) Regular

The condicional is for polite offers, soft questions, and hypothetical “would” outcomes, and it often closes a se + imperfeito do subjuntivo chain in formal style.

Você poderia me explicar outra vez?

PronounPortugueseEnglish
eucompreenderiaI would understand
tucompreenderiasyou would understand
vocêcompreenderiayou would understand
ele/elacompreenderiahe/she/it would understand
nóscompreenderíamoswe would understand
vóscompreenderíeisyou (pl.) would understand
vocêscompreenderiamyou (pl.) would understand
eles/elascompreenderiamthey would understand

Future (Futuro do presente) Regular

The futuro do presente states future facts; in everyday conversation you will often hear ir + infinitive or even the present with a time adverb instead of the synthetic future.

Amanhã faremos a reunião mais cedo.

PronounPortugueseEnglish
eucompreendereiI will understand
tucompreenderásyou will understand
vocêcompreenderáyou will understand
ele/elacompreenderáhe/she/it will understand
nóscompreenderemoswe will understand
vóscompreendereisyou (pl.) will understand
vocêscompreenderãoyou (pl.) will understand
eles/elascompreenderãothey will understand

Present perfect (Pretérito perfeito composto) Regular

The pretérito perfeito composto uses ter or haver plus the participle for a past that still touches the present or happens repeatedly up to now — a “have done” perfect with strong links to European norms.

Tenho pensado nisso há semanas.

PronounPortugueseEnglish
eutenho compreendidoI have understood
tutens compreendidoyou have understood
vocêtem compreendidoyou have understood
ele/elatem compreendidohe/she/it has understood
nóstemos compreendidowe have understood
vóstendes compreendidoyou (pl.) have understood
vocêstêm compreendidoyou (pl.) have understood
eles/elastêm compreendidothey have understood

Pluperfect (Mais-que-perfeito composto) Regular

The mais-que-perfeito composto is the pluperfect: an action was already finished before another past reference. It mirrors the English “had already”.

Já tinham saído quando chegámos.

PronounPortugueseEnglish
eutinha compreendidoI had understood
tutinhas compreendidoyou had understood
vocêtinha compreendidoyou had understood
ele/elatinha compreendidohe/she/it had understood
nóstínhamos compreendidowe had understood
vóstínheis compreendidoyou (pl.) had understood
vocêstinham compreendidoyou (pl.) had understood
eles/elastinham compreendidothey had understood

Conditional perfect (Condicional composto) Regular

The condicional composto expresses a counterfactual “would have” and appears with the right kind of if-clause in the subjunctive past for unreal conditions.

Teria aceite se tiveses avisado com antecedência.

PronounPortuguese
euteria compreendido
tuterias compreendido
vocêteria compreendido
ele/elateria compreendido
nósteríamos compreendido
vósteríeis compreendido
vocêsteriam compreendido
eles/elasteriam compreendido

Future perfect (Futuro composto) Regular

The futuro composto is the future-in-the-future: something will be finished before a later time. It is less frequent than the simple future but still useful for deadlines.

Até sexta, teremos lido tudo o relatório.

PronounPortugueseEnglish
euterei compreendidoI will have understood
tuterás compreendidoyou will have understood
vocêterá compreendidoyou will have understood
ele/elaterá compreendidohe/she/it will have understood
nósteremos compreendidowe will have understood
vóstereis compreendidoyou (pl.) will have understood
vocêsterão compreendidoyou (pl.) will have understood
eles/elasterão compreendidothey will have understood

Subjunctive

Present subjunctive (Conjuntivo presente) Regular

The present subjunctive appears after want, hope, fear, and impersonal triggers, and typically requires a new subject in the subordinate clause, just as in the other main Romance languages.

Espero que encontres o caminho fácil.

PronounPortuguese
eucompreenda
tucompreendas
vocêcompreenda
ele/elacompreenda
nóscompreendamos
vóscompreendais
vocêscompreendam
eles/elascompreendam

Imperfect subjunctive (Conjuntivo pretérito imperf.) Regular

The imperfect subjunctive in se + subjunctive → condicional is the classic “if I were a rich man” line in European Portuguese, parallel to the Spanish -ra form.

Se tivesse mais tempo, aprenderia outro idioma.

PronounPortuguese
eucompreendesse
tucompreendesses
vocêcompreendesse
ele/elacompreendesse
nóscompreendêssemos
vóscompreendêsseis
vocêscompreendessem
eles/elascompreendessem

Other forms

Imperative (affirmative) (Imperativo afirmativo) Regular

The affirmative imperative in Portuguese is built with tu, você, nós, vós, and vocês forms; Brazilian norms favour você/vocês with third-person present verb shapes.

Diga a verdade, por favor.

PronounPortuguese
tucompreende
vocêcompreenda
ele/elacompreenda
nóscompreendamos
vóscompreendei
vocêscompreendam
eles/elascompreendam

Imperative (negative) (Imperativo negativo) Regular

Negative commands require não plus the present subjunctive for each person, which is a distinctive feature compared to other Romance systems that reuse present indicative in some slots.

Não falemos com pressa, está tudo calmo.

PronounPortuguese
tunão compreendas
vocênão compreenda
ele/elanão compreenda
nósnão compreendamos
vósnão compreendais
vocêsnão compreendam
eles/elasnão compreendam