coser — Portuguese conjugation

to sew

Frequency#308Regular

Indicative

Present (Presente) Regular

The presente covers routines, states, and immediate future with adverbs like hoje or amanhã. One present form covers both English simple and progressive readings in most situations.

Ela estuda português todas as noites.

PronounPortugueseEnglish
eucosoI sew
tucosesyou sew
vocêcoseyou sew
ele/elacosehe/she/it sews
nóscosemoswe sew
vóscoseisyou (pl.) sew
vocêscosemyou (pl.) sew
eles/elascosemthey sew

Preterite (Pretérito perfeito simples) Regular

The pretérito perfeito simples is a sharp, completed past. In European Portuguese it is the standard story-telling past; Brazilian usage often prefers the compound form in speech while keeping the simple for narrative and writing.

Ontem escreveu a carta inteira de uma vez.

PronounPortugueseEnglish
eucosiI sewed
tucosesteyou sewed
vocêcoseuyou sewed
ele/elacoseuhe/she/it sewed
nóscosemoswe sewed
vóscosestesyou (pl.) sewed
vocêscoseramyou (pl.) sewed
eles/elascoseramthey sewed

Imperfect (Pretérito imperfeito) Regular

The imperfeito describes past background, repeated actions, and how things used to be. Contrast it with the simple preterite for the “main event” line of a story.

Quando era criança, brincava na praia.

PronounPortuguese
eucosia
tucosias
vocêcosia
ele/elacosia
nóscosíamos
vóscosíeis
vocêscosiam
eles/elascosiam

Conditional (Condicional) Regular

The condicional is for polite offers, soft questions, and hypothetical “would” outcomes, and it often closes a se + imperfeito do subjuntivo chain in formal style.

Você poderia me explicar outra vez?

PronounPortugueseEnglish
eucoseriaI would sew
tucoseriasyou would sew
vocêcoseriayou would sew
ele/elacoseriahe/she/it would sew
nóscoseríamoswe would sew
vóscoseríeisyou (pl.) would sew
vocêscoseriamyou (pl.) would sew
eles/elascoseriamthey would sew

Future (Futuro do presente) Regular

The futuro do presente states future facts; in everyday conversation you will often hear ir + infinitive or even the present with a time adverb instead of the synthetic future.

Amanhã faremos a reunião mais cedo.

PronounPortugueseEnglish
eucosereiI will sew
tucoserásyou will sew
vocêcoseráyou will sew
ele/elacoseráhe/she/it will sew
nóscoseremoswe will sew
vóscosereisyou (pl.) will sew
vocêscoserãoyou (pl.) will sew
eles/elascoserãothey will sew

Present perfect (Pretérito perfeito composto) Regular

The pretérito perfeito composto uses ter or haver plus the participle for a past that still touches the present or happens repeatedly up to now — a “have done” perfect with strong links to European norms.

Tenho pensado nisso há semanas.

PronounPortugueseEnglish
eutenho cosidoI have sewn
tutens cosidoyou have sewn
vocêtem cosidoyou have sewn
ele/elatem cosidohe/she/it has sewn
nóstemos cosidowe have sewn
vóstendes cosidoyou (pl.) have sewn
vocêstêm cosidoyou (pl.) have sewn
eles/elastêm cosidothey have sewn

Pluperfect (Mais-que-perfeito composto) Regular

The mais-que-perfeito composto is the pluperfect: an action was already finished before another past reference. It mirrors the English “had already”.

Já tinham saído quando chegámos.

PronounPortugueseEnglish
eutinha cosidoI had sewn
tutinhas cosidoyou had sewn
vocêtinha cosidoyou had sewn
ele/elatinha cosidohe/she/it had sewn
nóstínhamos cosidowe had sewn
vóstínheis cosidoyou (pl.) had sewn
vocêstinham cosidoyou (pl.) had sewn
eles/elastinham cosidothey had sewn

Conditional perfect (Condicional composto) Regular

The condicional composto expresses a counterfactual “would have” and appears with the right kind of if-clause in the subjunctive past for unreal conditions.

Teria aceite se tiveses avisado com antecedência.

PronounPortuguese
euteria cosido
tuterias cosido
vocêteria cosido
ele/elateria cosido
nósteríamos cosido
vósteríeis cosido
vocêsteriam cosido
eles/elasteriam cosido

Future perfect (Futuro composto) Regular

The futuro composto is the future-in-the-future: something will be finished before a later time. It is less frequent than the simple future but still useful for deadlines.

Até sexta, teremos lido tudo o relatório.

PronounPortugueseEnglish
euterei cosidoI will have sewn
tuterás cosidoyou will have sewn
vocêterá cosidoyou will have sewn
ele/elaterá cosidohe/she/it will have sewn
nósteremos cosidowe will have sewn
vóstereis cosidoyou (pl.) will have sewn
vocêsterão cosidoyou (pl.) will have sewn
eles/elasterão cosidothey will have sewn

Subjunctive

Present subjunctive (Conjuntivo presente) Regular

The present subjunctive appears after want, hope, fear, and impersonal triggers, and typically requires a new subject in the subordinate clause, just as in the other main Romance languages.

Espero que encontres o caminho fácil.

PronounPortuguese
eucosa
tucosas
vocêcosa
ele/elacosa
nóscosamos
vóscosais
vocêscosam
eles/elascosam

Imperfect subjunctive (Conjuntivo pretérito imperf.) Regular

The imperfect subjunctive in se + subjunctive → condicional is the classic “if I were a rich man” line in European Portuguese, parallel to the Spanish -ra form.

Se tivesse mais tempo, aprenderia outro idioma.

PronounPortuguese
eucosesse
tucosesses
vocêcosesse
ele/elacosesse
nóscosêssemos
vóscosêsseis
vocêscosessem
eles/elascosessem

Other forms

Imperative (affirmative) (Imperativo afirmativo) Regular

The affirmative imperative in Portuguese is built with tu, você, nós, vós, and vocês forms; Brazilian norms favour você/vocês with third-person present verb shapes.

Diga a verdade, por favor.

PronounPortuguese
tucose
vocêcosa
ele/elacosa
nóscosamos
vóscosei
vocêscosam
eles/elascosam

Imperative (negative) (Imperativo negativo) Regular

Negative commands require não plus the present subjunctive for each person, which is a distinctive feature compared to other Romance systems that reuse present indicative in some slots.

Não falemos com pressa, está tudo calmo.

PronounPortuguese
tunão cosas
vocênão cosa
ele/elanão cosa
nósnão cosamos
vósnão cosais
vocêsnão cosam
eles/elasnão cosam