dispensar — Portuguese conjugation

to dismiss

Frequency#447Irregular

Indicative

Present (Presente) Regular

The presente covers routines, states, and immediate future with adverbs like hoje or amanhã. One present form covers both English simple and progressive readings in most situations.

Ela estuda português todas as noites.

PronounPortugueseEnglish
eudispensoI dismiss
tudispensasyou dismiss
vocêdispensayou dismiss
ele/eladispensahe/she/it dismisses
nósdispensamoswe dismiss
vósdispensaisyou (pl.) dismiss
vocêsdispensamyou (pl.) dismiss
eles/elasdispensamthey dismiss

Preterite (Pretérito perfeito simples) Irregular

The pretérito perfeito simples is a sharp, completed past. In European Portuguese it is the standard story-telling past; Brazilian usage often prefers the compound form in speech while keeping the simple for narrative and writing.

Ontem escreveu a carta inteira de uma vez.

PronounPortugueseEnglish
eudispenseiI dismissed
tudispensasteyou dismissed
vocêdispensouyou dismissed
ele/eladispensouhe/she/it dismissed
nósdispensamoswe dismissed
vósdispensastesyou (pl.) dismissed
vocêsdispensaramyou (pl.) dismissed
eles/elasdispensaramthey dismissed

Imperfect (Pretérito imperfeito) Regular

The imperfeito describes past background, repeated actions, and how things used to be. Contrast it with the simple preterite for the “main event” line of a story.

Quando era criança, brincava na praia.

PronounPortuguese
eudispensava
tudispensavas
vocêdispensava
ele/eladispensava
nósdispensávamos
vósdispensáveis
vocêsdispensavam
eles/elasdispensavam

Conditional (Condicional) Regular

The condicional is for polite offers, soft questions, and hypothetical “would” outcomes, and it often closes a se + imperfeito do subjuntivo chain in formal style.

Você poderia me explicar outra vez?

PronounPortugueseEnglish
eudispensariaI would dismiss
tudispensariasyou would dismiss
vocêdispensariayou would dismiss
ele/eladispensariahe/she/it would dismiss
nósdispensaríamoswe would dismiss
vósdispensaríeisyou (pl.) would dismiss
vocêsdispensariamyou (pl.) would dismiss
eles/elasdispensariamthey would dismiss

Future (Futuro do presente) Regular

The futuro do presente states future facts; in everyday conversation you will often hear ir + infinitive or even the present with a time adverb instead of the synthetic future.

Amanhã faremos a reunião mais cedo.

PronounPortugueseEnglish
eudispensareiI will dismiss
tudispensarásyou will dismiss
vocêdispensaráyou will dismiss
ele/eladispensaráhe/she/it will dismiss
nósdispensaremoswe will dismiss
vósdispensareisyou (pl.) will dismiss
vocêsdispensarãoyou (pl.) will dismiss
eles/elasdispensarãothey will dismiss

Present perfect (Pretérito perfeito composto) Regular

The pretérito perfeito composto uses ter or haver plus the participle for a past that still touches the present or happens repeatedly up to now — a “have done” perfect with strong links to European norms.

Tenho pensado nisso há semanas.

PronounPortugueseEnglish
eutenho dispensadoI have dismissed
tutens dispensadoyou have dismissed
vocêtem dispensadoyou have dismissed
ele/elatem dispensadohe/she/it has dismissed
nóstemos dispensadowe have dismissed
vóstendes dispensadoyou (pl.) have dismissed
vocêstêm dispensadoyou (pl.) have dismissed
eles/elastêm dispensadothey have dismissed

Pluperfect (Mais-que-perfeito composto) Regular

The mais-que-perfeito composto is the pluperfect: an action was already finished before another past reference. It mirrors the English “had already”.

Já tinham saído quando chegámos.

PronounPortugueseEnglish
eutinha dispensadoI had dismissed
tutinhas dispensadoyou had dismissed
vocêtinha dispensadoyou had dismissed
ele/elatinha dispensadohe/she/it had dismissed
nóstínhamos dispensadowe had dismissed
vóstínheis dispensadoyou (pl.) had dismissed
vocêstinham dispensadoyou (pl.) had dismissed
eles/elastinham dispensadothey had dismissed

Conditional perfect (Condicional composto) Regular

The condicional composto expresses a counterfactual “would have” and appears with the right kind of if-clause in the subjunctive past for unreal conditions.

Teria aceite se tiveses avisado com antecedência.

PronounPortuguese
euteria dispensado
tuterias dispensado
vocêteria dispensado
ele/elateria dispensado
nósteríamos dispensado
vósteríeis dispensado
vocêsteriam dispensado
eles/elasteriam dispensado

Future perfect (Futuro composto) Regular

The futuro composto is the future-in-the-future: something will be finished before a later time. It is less frequent than the simple future but still useful for deadlines.

Até sexta, teremos lido tudo o relatório.

PronounPortugueseEnglish
euterei dispensadoI will have dismissed
tuterás dispensadoyou will have dismissed
vocêterá dispensadoyou will have dismissed
ele/elaterá dispensadohe/she/it will have dismissed
nósteremos dispensadowe will have dismissed
vóstereis dispensadoyou (pl.) will have dismissed
vocêsterão dispensadoyou (pl.) will have dismissed
eles/elasterão dispensadothey will have dismissed

Subjunctive

Present subjunctive (Conjuntivo presente) Regular

The present subjunctive appears after want, hope, fear, and impersonal triggers, and typically requires a new subject in the subordinate clause, just as in the other main Romance languages.

Espero que encontres o caminho fácil.

PronounPortuguese
eudispense
tudispenses
vocêdispense
ele/eladispense
nósdispensemos
vósdispenseis
vocêsdispensem
eles/elasdispensem

Imperfect subjunctive (Conjuntivo pretérito imperf.) Regular

The imperfect subjunctive in se + subjunctive → condicional is the classic “if I were a rich man” line in European Portuguese, parallel to the Spanish -ra form.

Se tivesse mais tempo, aprenderia outro idioma.

PronounPortuguese
eudispensasse
tudispensasses
vocêdispensasse
ele/eladispensasse
nósdispensássemos
vósdispensásseis
vocêsdispensassem
eles/elasdispensassem

Other forms

Imperative (affirmative) (Imperativo afirmativo) Regular

The affirmative imperative in Portuguese is built with tu, você, nós, vós, and vocês forms; Brazilian norms favour você/vocês with third-person present verb shapes.

Diga a verdade, por favor.

PronounPortuguese
tudispensa
vocêdispense
ele/eladispense
nósdispensemos
vósdispensai
vocêsdispensem
eles/elasdispensem

Imperative (negative) (Imperativo negativo) Regular

Negative commands require não plus the present subjunctive for each person, which is a distinctive feature compared to other Romance systems that reuse present indicative in some slots.

Não falemos com pressa, está tudo calmo.

PronounPortuguese
tunão dispenses
vocênão dispense
ele/elanão dispense
nósnão dispensemos
vósnão dispenseis
vocêsnão dispensem
eles/elasnão dispensem