encerar — Portuguese conjugation

to wax

Frequency#821Irregular

Indicative

Present (Presente) Regular

The presente covers routines, states, and immediate future with adverbs like hoje or amanhã. One present form covers both English simple and progressive readings in most situations.

Ela estuda português todas as noites.

PronounPortugueseEnglish
euenceroI wax
tuencerasyou wax
vocêencerayou wax
ele/elaencerahe/she/it waxes
nósenceramoswe wax
vósenceraisyou (pl.) wax
vocêsenceramyou (pl.) wax
eles/elasenceramthey wax

Preterite (Pretérito perfeito simples) Irregular

The pretérito perfeito simples is a sharp, completed past. In European Portuguese it is the standard story-telling past; Brazilian usage often prefers the compound form in speech while keeping the simple for narrative and writing.

Ontem escreveu a carta inteira de uma vez.

PronounPortugueseEnglish
euencereiI waxed
tuencerasteyou waxed
vocêencerouyou waxed
ele/elaencerouhe/she/it waxed
nósenceramoswe waxed
vósencerastesyou (pl.) waxed
vocêsenceraramyou (pl.) waxed
eles/elasenceraramthey waxed

Imperfect (Pretérito imperfeito) Regular

The imperfeito describes past background, repeated actions, and how things used to be. Contrast it with the simple preterite for the “main event” line of a story.

Quando era criança, brincava na praia.

PronounPortuguese
euencerava
tuenceravas
vocêencerava
ele/elaencerava
nósencerávamos
vósenceráveis
vocêsenceravam
eles/elasenceravam

Conditional (Condicional) Regular

The condicional is for polite offers, soft questions, and hypothetical “would” outcomes, and it often closes a se + imperfeito do subjuntivo chain in formal style.

Você poderia me explicar outra vez?

PronounPortugueseEnglish
euencerariaI would wax
tuencerariasyou would wax
vocêencerariayou would wax
ele/elaencerariahe/she/it would wax
nósenceraríamoswe would wax
vósenceraríeisyou (pl.) would wax
vocêsencerariamyou (pl.) would wax
eles/elasencerariamthey would wax

Future (Futuro do presente) Regular

The futuro do presente states future facts; in everyday conversation you will often hear ir + infinitive or even the present with a time adverb instead of the synthetic future.

Amanhã faremos a reunião mais cedo.

PronounPortugueseEnglish
euencerareiI will wax
tuencerarásyou will wax
vocêenceraráyou will wax
ele/elaenceraráhe/she/it will wax
nósenceraremoswe will wax
vósencerareisyou (pl.) will wax
vocêsencerarãoyou (pl.) will wax
eles/elasencerarãothey will wax

Present perfect (Pretérito perfeito composto) Regular

The pretérito perfeito composto uses ter or haver plus the participle for a past that still touches the present or happens repeatedly up to now — a “have done” perfect with strong links to European norms.

Tenho pensado nisso há semanas.

PronounPortugueseEnglish
eutenho enceradoI have waxed
tutens enceradoyou have waxed
vocêtem enceradoyou have waxed
ele/elatem enceradohe/she/it has waxed
nóstemos enceradowe have waxed
vóstendes enceradoyou (pl.) have waxed
vocêstêm enceradoyou (pl.) have waxed
eles/elastêm enceradothey have waxed

Pluperfect (Mais-que-perfeito composto) Regular

The mais-que-perfeito composto is the pluperfect: an action was already finished before another past reference. It mirrors the English “had already”.

Já tinham saído quando chegámos.

PronounPortugueseEnglish
eutinha enceradoI had waxed
tutinhas enceradoyou had waxed
vocêtinha enceradoyou had waxed
ele/elatinha enceradohe/she/it had waxed
nóstínhamos enceradowe had waxed
vóstínheis enceradoyou (pl.) had waxed
vocêstinham enceradoyou (pl.) had waxed
eles/elastinham enceradothey had waxed

Conditional perfect (Condicional composto) Regular

The condicional composto expresses a counterfactual “would have” and appears with the right kind of if-clause in the subjunctive past for unreal conditions.

Teria aceite se tiveses avisado com antecedência.

PronounPortuguese
euteria encerado
tuterias encerado
vocêteria encerado
ele/elateria encerado
nósteríamos encerado
vósteríeis encerado
vocêsteriam encerado
eles/elasteriam encerado

Future perfect (Futuro composto) Regular

The futuro composto is the future-in-the-future: something will be finished before a later time. It is less frequent than the simple future but still useful for deadlines.

Até sexta, teremos lido tudo o relatório.

PronounPortugueseEnglish
euterei enceradoI will have waxed
tuterás enceradoyou will have waxed
vocêterá enceradoyou will have waxed
ele/elaterá enceradohe/she/it will have waxed
nósteremos enceradowe will have waxed
vóstereis enceradoyou (pl.) will have waxed
vocêsterão enceradoyou (pl.) will have waxed
eles/elasterão enceradothey will have waxed

Subjunctive

Present subjunctive (Conjuntivo presente) Regular

The present subjunctive appears after want, hope, fear, and impersonal triggers, and typically requires a new subject in the subordinate clause, just as in the other main Romance languages.

Espero que encontres o caminho fácil.

PronounPortuguese
euencere
tuenceres
vocêencere
ele/elaencere
nósenceremos
vósencereis
vocêsencerem
eles/elasencerem

Imperfect subjunctive (Conjuntivo pretérito imperf.) Regular

The imperfect subjunctive in se + subjunctive → condicional is the classic “if I were a rich man” line in European Portuguese, parallel to the Spanish -ra form.

Se tivesse mais tempo, aprenderia outro idioma.

PronounPortuguese
euencerasse
tuencerasses
vocêencerasse
ele/elaencerasse
nósencerássemos
vósencerásseis
vocêsencerassem
eles/elasencerassem

Other forms

Imperative (affirmative) (Imperativo afirmativo) Regular

The affirmative imperative in Portuguese is built with tu, você, nós, vós, and vocês forms; Brazilian norms favour você/vocês with third-person present verb shapes.

Diga a verdade, por favor.

PronounPortuguese
tuencera
vocêencere
ele/elaencere
nósenceremos
vósencerai
vocêsencerem
eles/elasencerem

Imperative (negative) (Imperativo negativo) Regular

Negative commands require não plus the present subjunctive for each person, which is a distinctive feature compared to other Romance systems that reuse present indicative in some slots.

Não falemos com pressa, está tudo calmo.

PronounPortuguese
tunão enceres
vocênão encere
ele/elanão encere
nósnão enceremos
vósnão encereis
vocêsnão encerem
eles/elasnão encerem