esticar — Portuguese conjugation

to stretch (lengthen by pulling)

Frequency#593Irregular

Indicative

Present (Presente) Regular

The presente covers routines, states, and immediate future with adverbs like hoje or amanhã. One present form covers both English simple and progressive readings in most situations.

Ela estuda português todas as noites.

PronounPortugueseEnglish
euesticoI stretch
tuesticasyou stretch
vocêesticayou stretch
ele/elaesticahe/she/it stretches
nósesticamoswe stretch
vósesticaisyou (pl.) stretch
vocêsesticamyou (pl.) stretch
eles/elasesticamthey stretch

Preterite (Pretérito perfeito simples) Irregular

The pretérito perfeito simples is a sharp, completed past. In European Portuguese it is the standard story-telling past; Brazilian usage often prefers the compound form in speech while keeping the simple for narrative and writing.

Ontem escreveu a carta inteira de uma vez.

PronounPortugueseEnglish
euestiqueiI stretched
tuesticasteyou stretched
vocêesticouyou stretched
ele/elaesticouhe/she/it stretched
nósesticamoswe stretched
vósesticastesyou (pl.) stretched
vocêsesticaramyou (pl.) stretched
eles/elasesticaramthey stretched

Imperfect (Pretérito imperfeito) Regular

The imperfeito describes past background, repeated actions, and how things used to be. Contrast it with the simple preterite for the “main event” line of a story.

Quando era criança, brincava na praia.

PronounPortuguese
euesticava
tuesticavas
vocêesticava
ele/elaesticava
nósesticávamos
vósesticáveis
vocêsesticavam
eles/elasesticavam

Conditional (Condicional) Regular

The condicional is for polite offers, soft questions, and hypothetical “would” outcomes, and it often closes a se + imperfeito do subjuntivo chain in formal style.

Você poderia me explicar outra vez?

PronounPortugueseEnglish
euesticariaI would stretch
tuesticariasyou would stretch
vocêesticariayou would stretch
ele/elaesticariahe/she/it would stretch
nósesticaríamoswe would stretch
vósesticaríeisyou (pl.) would stretch
vocêsesticariamyou (pl.) would stretch
eles/elasesticariamthey would stretch

Future (Futuro do presente) Regular

The futuro do presente states future facts; in everyday conversation you will often hear ir + infinitive or even the present with a time adverb instead of the synthetic future.

Amanhã faremos a reunião mais cedo.

PronounPortugueseEnglish
euesticareiI will stretch
tuesticarásyou will stretch
vocêesticaráyou will stretch
ele/elaesticaráhe/she/it will stretch
nósesticaremoswe will stretch
vósesticareisyou (pl.) will stretch
vocêsesticarãoyou (pl.) will stretch
eles/elasesticarãothey will stretch

Present perfect (Pretérito perfeito composto) Regular

The pretérito perfeito composto uses ter or haver plus the participle for a past that still touches the present or happens repeatedly up to now — a “have done” perfect with strong links to European norms.

Tenho pensado nisso há semanas.

PronounPortugueseEnglish
eutenho esticadoI have stretched
tutens esticadoyou have stretched
vocêtem esticadoyou have stretched
ele/elatem esticadohe/she/it has stretched
nóstemos esticadowe have stretched
vóstendes esticadoyou (pl.) have stretched
vocêstêm esticadoyou (pl.) have stretched
eles/elastêm esticadothey have stretched

Pluperfect (Mais-que-perfeito composto) Regular

The mais-que-perfeito composto is the pluperfect: an action was already finished before another past reference. It mirrors the English “had already”.

Já tinham saído quando chegámos.

PronounPortugueseEnglish
eutinha esticadoI had stretched
tutinhas esticadoyou had stretched
vocêtinha esticadoyou had stretched
ele/elatinha esticadohe/she/it had stretched
nóstínhamos esticadowe had stretched
vóstínheis esticadoyou (pl.) had stretched
vocêstinham esticadoyou (pl.) had stretched
eles/elastinham esticadothey had stretched

Conditional perfect (Condicional composto) Regular

The condicional composto expresses a counterfactual “would have” and appears with the right kind of if-clause in the subjunctive past for unreal conditions.

Teria aceite se tiveses avisado com antecedência.

PronounPortuguese
euteria esticado
tuterias esticado
vocêteria esticado
ele/elateria esticado
nósteríamos esticado
vósteríeis esticado
vocêsteriam esticado
eles/elasteriam esticado

Future perfect (Futuro composto) Regular

The futuro composto is the future-in-the-future: something will be finished before a later time. It is less frequent than the simple future but still useful for deadlines.

Até sexta, teremos lido tudo o relatório.

PronounPortugueseEnglish
euterei esticadoI will have stretched
tuterás esticadoyou will have stretched
vocêterá esticadoyou will have stretched
ele/elaterá esticadohe/she/it will have stretched
nósteremos esticadowe will have stretched
vóstereis esticadoyou (pl.) will have stretched
vocêsterão esticadoyou (pl.) will have stretched
eles/elasterão esticadothey will have stretched

Subjunctive

Present subjunctive (Conjuntivo presente) Regular

The present subjunctive appears after want, hope, fear, and impersonal triggers, and typically requires a new subject in the subordinate clause, just as in the other main Romance languages.

Espero que encontres o caminho fácil.

PronounPortuguese
euestique
tuestiques
vocêestique
ele/elaestique
nósestiquemos
vósestiqueis
vocêsestiquem
eles/elasestiquem

Imperfect subjunctive (Conjuntivo pretérito imperf.) Regular

The imperfect subjunctive in se + subjunctive → condicional is the classic “if I were a rich man” line in European Portuguese, parallel to the Spanish -ra form.

Se tivesse mais tempo, aprenderia outro idioma.

PronounPortuguese
euesticasse
tuesticasses
vocêesticasse
ele/elaesticasse
nósesticássemos
vósesticásseis
vocêsesticassem
eles/elasesticassem

Other forms

Imperative (affirmative) (Imperativo afirmativo) Regular

The affirmative imperative in Portuguese is built with tu, você, nós, vós, and vocês forms; Brazilian norms favour você/vocês with third-person present verb shapes.

Diga a verdade, por favor.

PronounPortuguese
tuestica
vocêestique
ele/elaestique
nósestiquemos
vósesticai
vocêsestiquem
eles/elasestiquem

Imperative (negative) (Imperativo negativo) Regular

Negative commands require não plus the present subjunctive for each person, which is a distinctive feature compared to other Romance systems that reuse present indicative in some slots.

Não falemos com pressa, está tudo calmo.

PronounPortuguese
tunão estiques
vocênão estique
ele/elanão estique
nósnão estiquemos
vósnão estiqueis
vocêsnão estiquem
eles/elasnão estiquem