exprimir — Portuguese conjugation

to express (to convey in words)

Frequency#354Regular

Indicative

Present (Presente) Regular

The presente covers routines, states, and immediate future with adverbs like hoje or amanhã. One present form covers both English simple and progressive readings in most situations.

Ela estuda português todas as noites.

PronounPortugueseEnglish
euexprimoI express
tuexprimesyou express
vocêexprimeyou express
ele/elaexprimehe/she/it expresses
nósexprimimoswe express
vósexprimisyou (pl.) express
vocêsexprimemyou (pl.) express
eles/elasexprimemthey express

Preterite (Pretérito perfeito simples) Regular

The pretérito perfeito simples is a sharp, completed past. In European Portuguese it is the standard story-telling past; Brazilian usage often prefers the compound form in speech while keeping the simple for narrative and writing.

Ontem escreveu a carta inteira de uma vez.

PronounPortugueseEnglish
euexprimiI expressed
tuexprimisteyou expressed
vocêexprimiuyou expressed
ele/elaexprimiuhe/she/it expressed
nósexprimimoswe expressed
vósexprimistesyou (pl.) expressed
vocêsexprimiramyou (pl.) expressed
eles/elasexprimiramthey expressed

Imperfect (Pretérito imperfeito) Regular

The imperfeito describes past background, repeated actions, and how things used to be. Contrast it with the simple preterite for the “main event” line of a story.

Quando era criança, brincava na praia.

PronounPortuguese
euexprimia
tuexprimias
vocêexprimia
ele/elaexprimia
nósexprimíamos
vósexprimíeis
vocêsexprimiam
eles/elasexprimiam

Conditional (Condicional) Regular

The condicional is for polite offers, soft questions, and hypothetical “would” outcomes, and it often closes a se + imperfeito do subjuntivo chain in formal style.

Você poderia me explicar outra vez?

PronounPortugueseEnglish
euexprimiriaI would express
tuexprimiriasyou would express
vocêexprimiriayou would express
ele/elaexprimiriahe/she/it would express
nósexprimiríamoswe would express
vósexprimiríeisyou (pl.) would express
vocêsexprimiriamyou (pl.) would express
eles/elasexprimiriamthey would express

Future (Futuro do presente) Regular

The futuro do presente states future facts; in everyday conversation you will often hear ir + infinitive or even the present with a time adverb instead of the synthetic future.

Amanhã faremos a reunião mais cedo.

PronounPortugueseEnglish
euexprimireiI will express
tuexprimirásyou will express
vocêexprimiráyou will express
ele/elaexprimiráhe/she/it will express
nósexprimiremoswe will express
vósexprimireisyou (pl.) will express
vocêsexprimirãoyou (pl.) will express
eles/elasexprimirãothey will express

Present perfect (Pretérito perfeito composto) Regular

The pretérito perfeito composto uses ter or haver plus the participle for a past that still touches the present or happens repeatedly up to now — a “have done” perfect with strong links to European norms.

Tenho pensado nisso há semanas.

PronounPortugueseEnglish
eutenho exprimidoI have expressed
tutens exprimidoyou have expressed
vocêtem exprimidoyou have expressed
ele/elatem exprimidohe/she/it has expressed
nóstemos exprimidowe have expressed
vóstendes exprimidoyou (pl.) have expressed
vocêstêm exprimidoyou (pl.) have expressed
eles/elastêm exprimidothey have expressed

Pluperfect (Mais-que-perfeito composto) Regular

The mais-que-perfeito composto is the pluperfect: an action was already finished before another past reference. It mirrors the English “had already”.

Já tinham saído quando chegámos.

PronounPortugueseEnglish
eutinha exprimidoI had expressed
tutinhas exprimidoyou had expressed
vocêtinha exprimidoyou had expressed
ele/elatinha exprimidohe/she/it had expressed
nóstínhamos exprimidowe had expressed
vóstínheis exprimidoyou (pl.) had expressed
vocêstinham exprimidoyou (pl.) had expressed
eles/elastinham exprimidothey had expressed

Conditional perfect (Condicional composto) Regular

The condicional composto expresses a counterfactual “would have” and appears with the right kind of if-clause in the subjunctive past for unreal conditions.

Teria aceite se tiveses avisado com antecedência.

PronounPortuguese
euteria exprimido
tuterias exprimido
vocêteria exprimido
ele/elateria exprimido
nósteríamos exprimido
vósteríeis exprimido
vocêsteriam exprimido
eles/elasteriam exprimido

Future perfect (Futuro composto) Regular

The futuro composto is the future-in-the-future: something will be finished before a later time. It is less frequent than the simple future but still useful for deadlines.

Até sexta, teremos lido tudo o relatório.

PronounPortugueseEnglish
euterei exprimidoI will have expressed
tuterás exprimidoyou will have expressed
vocêterá exprimidoyou will have expressed
ele/elaterá exprimidohe/she/it will have expressed
nósteremos exprimidowe will have expressed
vóstereis exprimidoyou (pl.) will have expressed
vocêsterão exprimidoyou (pl.) will have expressed
eles/elasterão exprimidothey will have expressed

Subjunctive

Present subjunctive (Conjuntivo presente) Regular

The present subjunctive appears after want, hope, fear, and impersonal triggers, and typically requires a new subject in the subordinate clause, just as in the other main Romance languages.

Espero que encontres o caminho fácil.

PronounPortuguese
euexprima
tuexprimas
vocêexprima
ele/elaexprima
nósexprimamos
vósexprimais
vocêsexprimam
eles/elasexprimam

Imperfect subjunctive (Conjuntivo pretérito imperf.) Regular

The imperfect subjunctive in se + subjunctive → condicional is the classic “if I were a rich man” line in European Portuguese, parallel to the Spanish -ra form.

Se tivesse mais tempo, aprenderia outro idioma.

PronounPortuguese
euexprimisse
tuexprimisses
vocêexprimisse
ele/elaexprimisse
nósexprimíssemos
vósexprimísseis
vocêsexprimissem
eles/elasexprimissem

Other forms

Imperative (affirmative) (Imperativo afirmativo) Regular

The affirmative imperative in Portuguese is built with tu, você, nós, vós, and vocês forms; Brazilian norms favour você/vocês with third-person present verb shapes.

Diga a verdade, por favor.

PronounPortuguese
tuexprime
vocêexprima
ele/elaexprima
nósexprimamos
vósexprimi
vocêsexprimam
eles/elasexprimam

Imperative (negative) (Imperativo negativo) Regular

Negative commands require não plus the present subjunctive for each person, which is a distinctive feature compared to other Romance systems that reuse present indicative in some slots.

Não falemos com pressa, está tudo calmo.

PronounPortuguese
tunão exprimas
vocênão exprima
ele/elanão exprima
nósnão exprimamos
vósnão exprimais
vocêsnão exprimam
eles/elasnão exprimam