ganhar — Portuguese conjugation

to win

Frequency#63Irregular

Indicative

Present (Presente) Regular

The presente covers routines, states, and immediate future with adverbs like hoje or amanhã. One present form covers both English simple and progressive readings in most situations.

Ela estuda português todas as noites.

PronounPortugueseEnglish
euganhoI win
tuganhasyou win
vocêganhayou win
ele/elaganhahe/she/it wins
nósganhamoswe win
vósganhaisyou (pl.) win
vocêsganhamyou (pl.) win
eles/elasganhamthey win

Preterite (Pretérito perfeito simples) Irregular

The pretérito perfeito simples is a sharp, completed past. In European Portuguese it is the standard story-telling past; Brazilian usage often prefers the compound form in speech while keeping the simple for narrative and writing.

Ontem escreveu a carta inteira de uma vez.

PronounPortugueseEnglish
euganheiI won
tuganhasteyou won
vocêganhouyou won
ele/elaganhouhe/she/it won
nósganhamoswe won
vósganhastesyou (pl.) won
vocêsganharamyou (pl.) won
eles/elasganharamthey won

Imperfect (Pretérito imperfeito) Regular

The imperfeito describes past background, repeated actions, and how things used to be. Contrast it with the simple preterite for the “main event” line of a story.

Quando era criança, brincava na praia.

PronounPortuguese
euganhava
tuganhavas
vocêganhava
ele/elaganhava
nósganhávamos
vósganháveis
vocêsganhavam
eles/elasganhavam

Conditional (Condicional) Regular

The condicional is for polite offers, soft questions, and hypothetical “would” outcomes, and it often closes a se + imperfeito do subjuntivo chain in formal style.

Você poderia me explicar outra vez?

PronounPortugueseEnglish
euganhariaI would win
tuganhariasyou would win
vocêganhariayou would win
ele/elaganhariahe/she/it would win
nósganharíamoswe would win
vósganharíeisyou (pl.) would win
vocêsganhariamyou (pl.) would win
eles/elasganhariamthey would win

Future (Futuro do presente) Regular

The futuro do presente states future facts; in everyday conversation you will often hear ir + infinitive or even the present with a time adverb instead of the synthetic future.

Amanhã faremos a reunião mais cedo.

PronounPortugueseEnglish
euganhareiI will win
tuganharásyou will win
vocêganharáyou will win
ele/elaganharáhe/she/it will win
nósganharemoswe will win
vósganhareisyou (pl.) will win
vocêsganharãoyou (pl.) will win
eles/elasganharãothey will win

Present perfect (Pretérito perfeito composto) Regular

The pretérito perfeito composto uses ter or haver plus the participle for a past that still touches the present or happens repeatedly up to now — a “have done” perfect with strong links to European norms.

Tenho pensado nisso há semanas.

PronounPortugueseEnglish
eutenho ganhoI have won
tutens ganhoyou have won
vocêtem ganhoyou have won
ele/elatem ganhohe/she/it has won
nóstemos ganhowe have won
vóstendes ganhoyou (pl.) have won
vocêstêm ganhoyou (pl.) have won
eles/elastêm ganhothey have won

Pluperfect (Mais-que-perfeito composto) Regular

The mais-que-perfeito composto is the pluperfect: an action was already finished before another past reference. It mirrors the English “had already”.

Já tinham saído quando chegámos.

PronounPortugueseEnglish
eutinha ganhoI had won
tutinhas ganhoyou had won
vocêtinha ganhoyou had won
ele/elatinha ganhohe/she/it had won
nóstínhamos ganhowe had won
vóstínheis ganhoyou (pl.) had won
vocêstinham ganhoyou (pl.) had won
eles/elastinham ganhothey had won

Conditional perfect (Condicional composto) Regular

The condicional composto expresses a counterfactual “would have” and appears with the right kind of if-clause in the subjunctive past for unreal conditions.

Teria aceite se tiveses avisado com antecedência.

PronounPortuguese
euteria ganho
tuterias ganho
vocêteria ganho
ele/elateria ganho
nósteríamos ganho
vósteríeis ganho
vocêsteriam ganho
eles/elasteriam ganho

Future perfect (Futuro composto) Regular

The futuro composto is the future-in-the-future: something will be finished before a later time. It is less frequent than the simple future but still useful for deadlines.

Até sexta, teremos lido tudo o relatório.

PronounPortugueseEnglish
euterei ganhoI will have won
tuterás ganhoyou will have won
vocêterá ganhoyou will have won
ele/elaterá ganhohe/she/it will have won
nósteremos ganhowe will have won
vóstereis ganhoyou (pl.) will have won
vocêsterão ganhoyou (pl.) will have won
eles/elasterão ganhothey will have won

Subjunctive

Present subjunctive (Conjuntivo presente) Regular

The present subjunctive appears after want, hope, fear, and impersonal triggers, and typically requires a new subject in the subordinate clause, just as in the other main Romance languages.

Espero que encontres o caminho fácil.

PronounPortuguese
euganhe
tuganhes
vocêganhe
ele/elaganhe
nósganhemos
vósganheis
vocêsganhem
eles/elasganhem

Imperfect subjunctive (Conjuntivo pretérito imperf.) Regular

The imperfect subjunctive in se + subjunctive → condicional is the classic “if I were a rich man” line in European Portuguese, parallel to the Spanish -ra form.

Se tivesse mais tempo, aprenderia outro idioma.

PronounPortuguese
euganhasse
tuganhasses
vocêganhasse
ele/elaganhasse
nósganhássemos
vósganhásseis
vocêsganhassem
eles/elasganhassem

Other forms

Imperative (affirmative) (Imperativo afirmativo) Regular

The affirmative imperative in Portuguese is built with tu, você, nós, vós, and vocês forms; Brazilian norms favour você/vocês with third-person present verb shapes.

Diga a verdade, por favor.

PronounPortuguese
tuganha
vocêganhe
ele/elaganhe
nósganhemos
vósganhai
vocêsganhem
eles/elasganhem

Imperative (negative) (Imperativo negativo) Regular

Negative commands require não plus the present subjunctive for each person, which is a distinctive feature compared to other Romance systems that reuse present indicative in some slots.

Não falemos com pressa, está tudo calmo.

PronounPortuguese
tunão ganhes
vocênão ganhe
ele/elanão ganhe
nósnão ganhemos
vósnão ganheis
vocêsnão ganhem
eles/elasnão ganhem