germinar — Portuguese conjugation

to germinate

Frequency#801Irregular

Indicative

Present (Presente) Regular

The presente covers routines, states, and immediate future with adverbs like hoje or amanhã. One present form covers both English simple and progressive readings in most situations.

Ela estuda português todas as noites.

PronounPortugueseEnglish
eugerminoI germinate
tugerminasyou germinate
vocêgerminayou germinate
ele/elagerminahe/she/it germinates
nósgerminamoswe germinate
vósgerminaisyou (pl.) germinate
vocêsgerminamyou (pl.) germinate
eles/elasgerminamthey germinate

Preterite (Pretérito perfeito simples) Irregular

The pretérito perfeito simples is a sharp, completed past. In European Portuguese it is the standard story-telling past; Brazilian usage often prefers the compound form in speech while keeping the simple for narrative and writing.

Ontem escreveu a carta inteira de uma vez.

PronounPortugueseEnglish
eugermineiI germinated
tugerminasteyou germinated
vocêgerminouyou germinated
ele/elagerminouhe/she/it germinated
nósgerminamoswe germinated
vósgerminastesyou (pl.) germinated
vocêsgerminaramyou (pl.) germinated
eles/elasgerminaramthey germinated

Imperfect (Pretérito imperfeito) Regular

The imperfeito describes past background, repeated actions, and how things used to be. Contrast it with the simple preterite for the “main event” line of a story.

Quando era criança, brincava na praia.

PronounPortuguese
eugerminava
tugerminavas
vocêgerminava
ele/elagerminava
nósgerminávamos
vósgermináveis
vocêsgerminavam
eles/elasgerminavam

Conditional (Condicional) Regular

The condicional is for polite offers, soft questions, and hypothetical “would” outcomes, and it often closes a se + imperfeito do subjuntivo chain in formal style.

Você poderia me explicar outra vez?

PronounPortugueseEnglish
eugerminariaI would germinate
tugerminariasyou would germinate
vocêgerminariayou would germinate
ele/elagerminariahe/she/it would germinate
nósgerminaríamoswe would germinate
vósgerminaríeisyou (pl.) would germinate
vocêsgerminariamyou (pl.) would germinate
eles/elasgerminariamthey would germinate

Future (Futuro do presente) Regular

The futuro do presente states future facts; in everyday conversation you will often hear ir + infinitive or even the present with a time adverb instead of the synthetic future.

Amanhã faremos a reunião mais cedo.

PronounPortugueseEnglish
eugerminareiI will germinate
tugerminarásyou will germinate
vocêgerminaráyou will germinate
ele/elagerminaráhe/she/it will germinate
nósgerminaremoswe will germinate
vósgerminareisyou (pl.) will germinate
vocêsgerminarãoyou (pl.) will germinate
eles/elasgerminarãothey will germinate

Present perfect (Pretérito perfeito composto) Regular

The pretérito perfeito composto uses ter or haver plus the participle for a past that still touches the present or happens repeatedly up to now — a “have done” perfect with strong links to European norms.

Tenho pensado nisso há semanas.

PronounPortugueseEnglish
eutenho germinadoI have germinated
tutens germinadoyou have germinated
vocêtem germinadoyou have germinated
ele/elatem germinadohe/she/it has germinated
nóstemos germinadowe have germinated
vóstendes germinadoyou (pl.) have germinated
vocêstêm germinadoyou (pl.) have germinated
eles/elastêm germinadothey have germinated

Pluperfect (Mais-que-perfeito composto) Regular

The mais-que-perfeito composto is the pluperfect: an action was already finished before another past reference. It mirrors the English “had already”.

Já tinham saído quando chegámos.

PronounPortugueseEnglish
eutinha germinadoI had germinated
tutinhas germinadoyou had germinated
vocêtinha germinadoyou had germinated
ele/elatinha germinadohe/she/it had germinated
nóstínhamos germinadowe had germinated
vóstínheis germinadoyou (pl.) had germinated
vocêstinham germinadoyou (pl.) had germinated
eles/elastinham germinadothey had germinated

Conditional perfect (Condicional composto) Regular

The condicional composto expresses a counterfactual “would have” and appears with the right kind of if-clause in the subjunctive past for unreal conditions.

Teria aceite se tiveses avisado com antecedência.

PronounPortuguese
euteria germinado
tuterias germinado
vocêteria germinado
ele/elateria germinado
nósteríamos germinado
vósteríeis germinado
vocêsteriam germinado
eles/elasteriam germinado

Future perfect (Futuro composto) Regular

The futuro composto is the future-in-the-future: something will be finished before a later time. It is less frequent than the simple future but still useful for deadlines.

Até sexta, teremos lido tudo o relatório.

PronounPortugueseEnglish
euterei germinadoI will have germinated
tuterás germinadoyou will have germinated
vocêterá germinadoyou will have germinated
ele/elaterá germinadohe/she/it will have germinated
nósteremos germinadowe will have germinated
vóstereis germinadoyou (pl.) will have germinated
vocêsterão germinadoyou (pl.) will have germinated
eles/elasterão germinadothey will have germinated

Subjunctive

Present subjunctive (Conjuntivo presente) Regular

The present subjunctive appears after want, hope, fear, and impersonal triggers, and typically requires a new subject in the subordinate clause, just as in the other main Romance languages.

Espero que encontres o caminho fácil.

PronounPortuguese
eugermine
tugermines
vocêgermine
ele/elagermine
nósgerminemos
vósgermineis
vocêsgerminem
eles/elasgerminem

Imperfect subjunctive (Conjuntivo pretérito imperf.) Regular

The imperfect subjunctive in se + subjunctive → condicional is the classic “if I were a rich man” line in European Portuguese, parallel to the Spanish -ra form.

Se tivesse mais tempo, aprenderia outro idioma.

PronounPortuguese
eugerminasse
tugerminasses
vocêgerminasse
ele/elagerminasse
nósgerminássemos
vósgerminásseis
vocêsgerminassem
eles/elasgerminassem

Other forms

Imperative (affirmative) (Imperativo afirmativo) Regular

The affirmative imperative in Portuguese is built with tu, você, nós, vós, and vocês forms; Brazilian norms favour você/vocês with third-person present verb shapes.

Diga a verdade, por favor.

PronounPortuguese
tugermina
vocêgermine
ele/elagermine
nósgerminemos
vósgerminai
vocêsgerminem
eles/elasgerminem

Imperative (negative) (Imperativo negativo) Regular

Negative commands require não plus the present subjunctive for each person, which is a distinctive feature compared to other Romance systems that reuse present indicative in some slots.

Não falemos com pressa, está tudo calmo.

PronounPortuguese
tunão germines
vocênão germine
ele/elanão germine
nósnão germinemos
vósnão germineis
vocêsnão germinem
eles/elasnão germinem