gravar — Portuguese conjugation

to record

Frequency#430Irregular

Indicative

Present (Presente) Regular

The presente covers routines, states, and immediate future with adverbs like hoje or amanhã. One present form covers both English simple and progressive readings in most situations.

Ela estuda português todas as noites.

PronounPortugueseEnglish
eugravoI record
tugravasyou record
vocêgravayou record
ele/elagravahe/she/it records
nósgravamoswe record
vósgravaisyou (pl.) record
vocêsgravamyou (pl.) record
eles/elasgravamthey record

Preterite (Pretérito perfeito simples) Irregular

The pretérito perfeito simples is a sharp, completed past. In European Portuguese it is the standard story-telling past; Brazilian usage often prefers the compound form in speech while keeping the simple for narrative and writing.

Ontem escreveu a carta inteira de uma vez.

PronounPortugueseEnglish
eugraveiI recorded
tugravasteyou recorded
vocêgravouyou recorded
ele/elagravouhe/she/it recorded
nósgravamoswe recorded
vósgravastesyou (pl.) recorded
vocêsgravaramyou (pl.) recorded
eles/elasgravaramthey recorded

Imperfect (Pretérito imperfeito) Regular

The imperfeito describes past background, repeated actions, and how things used to be. Contrast it with the simple preterite for the “main event” line of a story.

Quando era criança, brincava na praia.

PronounPortuguese
eugravava
tugravavas
vocêgravava
ele/elagravava
nósgravávamos
vósgraváveis
vocêsgravavam
eles/elasgravavam

Conditional (Condicional) Regular

The condicional is for polite offers, soft questions, and hypothetical “would” outcomes, and it often closes a se + imperfeito do subjuntivo chain in formal style.

Você poderia me explicar outra vez?

PronounPortugueseEnglish
eugravariaI would record
tugravariasyou would record
vocêgravariayou would record
ele/elagravariahe/she/it would record
nósgravaríamoswe would record
vósgravaríeisyou (pl.) would record
vocêsgravariamyou (pl.) would record
eles/elasgravariamthey would record

Future (Futuro do presente) Regular

The futuro do presente states future facts; in everyday conversation you will often hear ir + infinitive or even the present with a time adverb instead of the synthetic future.

Amanhã faremos a reunião mais cedo.

PronounPortugueseEnglish
eugravareiI will record
tugravarásyou will record
vocêgravaráyou will record
ele/elagravaráhe/she/it will record
nósgravaremoswe will record
vósgravareisyou (pl.) will record
vocêsgravarãoyou (pl.) will record
eles/elasgravarãothey will record

Present perfect (Pretérito perfeito composto) Regular

The pretérito perfeito composto uses ter or haver plus the participle for a past that still touches the present or happens repeatedly up to now — a “have done” perfect with strong links to European norms.

Tenho pensado nisso há semanas.

PronounPortugueseEnglish
eutenho gravadoI have recorded
tutens gravadoyou have recorded
vocêtem gravadoyou have recorded
ele/elatem gravadohe/she/it has recorded
nóstemos gravadowe have recorded
vóstendes gravadoyou (pl.) have recorded
vocêstêm gravadoyou (pl.) have recorded
eles/elastêm gravadothey have recorded

Pluperfect (Mais-que-perfeito composto) Regular

The mais-que-perfeito composto is the pluperfect: an action was already finished before another past reference. It mirrors the English “had already”.

Já tinham saído quando chegámos.

PronounPortugueseEnglish
eutinha gravadoI had recorded
tutinhas gravadoyou had recorded
vocêtinha gravadoyou had recorded
ele/elatinha gravadohe/she/it had recorded
nóstínhamos gravadowe had recorded
vóstínheis gravadoyou (pl.) had recorded
vocêstinham gravadoyou (pl.) had recorded
eles/elastinham gravadothey had recorded

Conditional perfect (Condicional composto) Regular

The condicional composto expresses a counterfactual “would have” and appears with the right kind of if-clause in the subjunctive past for unreal conditions.

Teria aceite se tiveses avisado com antecedência.

PronounPortuguese
euteria gravado
tuterias gravado
vocêteria gravado
ele/elateria gravado
nósteríamos gravado
vósteríeis gravado
vocêsteriam gravado
eles/elasteriam gravado

Future perfect (Futuro composto) Regular

The futuro composto is the future-in-the-future: something will be finished before a later time. It is less frequent than the simple future but still useful for deadlines.

Até sexta, teremos lido tudo o relatório.

PronounPortugueseEnglish
euterei gravadoI will have recorded
tuterás gravadoyou will have recorded
vocêterá gravadoyou will have recorded
ele/elaterá gravadohe/she/it will have recorded
nósteremos gravadowe will have recorded
vóstereis gravadoyou (pl.) will have recorded
vocêsterão gravadoyou (pl.) will have recorded
eles/elasterão gravadothey will have recorded

Subjunctive

Present subjunctive (Conjuntivo presente) Regular

The present subjunctive appears after want, hope, fear, and impersonal triggers, and typically requires a new subject in the subordinate clause, just as in the other main Romance languages.

Espero que encontres o caminho fácil.

PronounPortuguese
eugrave
tugraves
vocêgrave
ele/elagrave
nósgravemos
vósgraveis
vocêsgravem
eles/elasgravem

Imperfect subjunctive (Conjuntivo pretérito imperf.) Regular

The imperfect subjunctive in se + subjunctive → condicional is the classic “if I were a rich man” line in European Portuguese, parallel to the Spanish -ra form.

Se tivesse mais tempo, aprenderia outro idioma.

PronounPortuguese
eugravasse
tugravasses
vocêgravasse
ele/elagravasse
nósgravássemos
vósgravásseis
vocêsgravassem
eles/elasgravassem

Other forms

Imperative (affirmative) (Imperativo afirmativo) Regular

The affirmative imperative in Portuguese is built with tu, você, nós, vós, and vocês forms; Brazilian norms favour você/vocês with third-person present verb shapes.

Diga a verdade, por favor.

PronounPortuguese
tugrava
vocêgrave
ele/elagrave
nósgravemos
vósgravai
vocêsgravem
eles/elasgravem

Imperative (negative) (Imperativo negativo) Regular

Negative commands require não plus the present subjunctive for each person, which is a distinctive feature compared to other Romance systems that reuse present indicative in some slots.

Não falemos com pressa, está tudo calmo.

PronounPortuguese
tunão graves
vocênão grave
ele/elanão grave
nósnão gravemos
vósnão graveis
vocêsnão gravem
eles/elasnão gravem