roer — Portuguese conjugation

to gnaw

Frequency#736Regular

Indicative

Present (Presente) Regular

The presente covers routines, states, and immediate future with adverbs like hoje or amanhã. One present form covers both English simple and progressive readings in most situations.

Ela estuda português todas as noites.

PronounPortugueseEnglish
eurooI gnaw
turóisyou gnaw
vocêróiyou gnaw
ele/elaróihe/she/it gnaws
nósroemoswe gnaw
vósroeisyou (pl.) gnaw
vocêsroemyou (pl.) gnaw
eles/elasroemthey gnaw

Preterite (Pretérito perfeito simples) Regular

The pretérito perfeito simples is a sharp, completed past. In European Portuguese it is the standard story-telling past; Brazilian usage often prefers the compound form in speech while keeping the simple for narrative and writing.

Ontem escreveu a carta inteira de uma vez.

PronounPortugueseEnglish
euroíI gnawed
turoesteyou gnawed
vocêroeuyou gnawed
ele/elaroeuhe/she/it gnawed
nósroemoswe gnawed
vósroestesyou (pl.) gnawed
vocêsroeramyou (pl.) gnawed
eles/elasroeramthey gnawed

Imperfect (Pretérito imperfeito) Regular

The imperfeito describes past background, repeated actions, and how things used to be. Contrast it with the simple preterite for the “main event” line of a story.

Quando era criança, brincava na praia.

PronounPortuguese
euroía
turoías
vocêroía
ele/elaroía
nósroíamos
vósroíeis
vocêsroíam
eles/elasroíam

Conditional (Condicional) Regular

The condicional is for polite offers, soft questions, and hypothetical “would” outcomes, and it often closes a se + imperfeito do subjuntivo chain in formal style.

Você poderia me explicar outra vez?

PronounPortugueseEnglish
euroeriaI would gnaw
turoeriasyou would gnaw
vocêroeriayou would gnaw
ele/elaroeriahe/she/it would gnaw
nósroeríamoswe would gnaw
vósroeríeisyou (pl.) would gnaw
vocêsroeriamyou (pl.) would gnaw
eles/elasroeriamthey would gnaw

Future (Futuro do presente) Regular

The futuro do presente states future facts; in everyday conversation you will often hear ir + infinitive or even the present with a time adverb instead of the synthetic future.

Amanhã faremos a reunião mais cedo.

PronounPortugueseEnglish
euroereiI will gnaw
turoerásyou will gnaw
vocêroeráyou will gnaw
ele/elaroeráhe/she/it will gnaw
nósroeremoswe will gnaw
vósroereisyou (pl.) will gnaw
vocêsroerãoyou (pl.) will gnaw
eles/elasroerãothey will gnaw

Present perfect (Pretérito perfeito composto) Regular

The pretérito perfeito composto uses ter or haver plus the participle for a past that still touches the present or happens repeatedly up to now — a “have done” perfect with strong links to European norms.

Tenho pensado nisso há semanas.

PronounPortugueseEnglish
eutenho roídoI have gnawed
tutens roídoyou have gnawed
vocêtem roídoyou have gnawed
ele/elatem roídohe/she/it has gnawed
nóstemos roídowe have gnawed
vóstendes roídoyou (pl.) have gnawed
vocêstêm roídoyou (pl.) have gnawed
eles/elastêm roídothey have gnawed

Pluperfect (Mais-que-perfeito composto) Regular

The mais-que-perfeito composto is the pluperfect: an action was already finished before another past reference. It mirrors the English “had already”.

Já tinham saído quando chegámos.

PronounPortugueseEnglish
eutinha roídoI had gnawed
tutinhas roídoyou had gnawed
vocêtinha roídoyou had gnawed
ele/elatinha roídohe/she/it had gnawed
nóstínhamos roídowe had gnawed
vóstínheis roídoyou (pl.) had gnawed
vocêstinham roídoyou (pl.) had gnawed
eles/elastinham roídothey had gnawed

Conditional perfect (Condicional composto) Regular

The condicional composto expresses a counterfactual “would have” and appears with the right kind of if-clause in the subjunctive past for unreal conditions.

Teria aceite se tiveses avisado com antecedência.

PronounPortuguese
euteria roído
tuterias roído
vocêteria roído
ele/elateria roído
nósteríamos roído
vósteríeis roído
vocêsteriam roído
eles/elasteriam roído

Future perfect (Futuro composto) Regular

The futuro composto is the future-in-the-future: something will be finished before a later time. It is less frequent than the simple future but still useful for deadlines.

Até sexta, teremos lido tudo o relatório.

PronounPortugueseEnglish
euterei roídoI will have gnawed
tuterás roídoyou will have gnawed
vocêterá roídoyou will have gnawed
ele/elaterá roídohe/she/it will have gnawed
nósteremos roídowe will have gnawed
vóstereis roídoyou (pl.) will have gnawed
vocêsterão roídoyou (pl.) will have gnawed
eles/elasterão roídothey will have gnawed

Subjunctive

Present subjunctive (Conjuntivo presente) Regular

The present subjunctive appears after want, hope, fear, and impersonal triggers, and typically requires a new subject in the subordinate clause, just as in the other main Romance languages.

Espero que encontres o caminho fácil.

PronounPortuguese
euroa
turoas
vocêroa
ele/elaroa
nósroamos
vósroais
vocêsroam
eles/elasroam

Imperfect subjunctive (Conjuntivo pretérito imperf.) Regular

The imperfect subjunctive in se + subjunctive → condicional is the classic “if I were a rich man” line in European Portuguese, parallel to the Spanish -ra form.

Se tivesse mais tempo, aprenderia outro idioma.

PronounPortuguese
euroesse
turoesses
vocêroesse
ele/elaroesse
nósroêssemos
vósroêsseis
vocêsroessem
eles/elasroessem

Other forms

Imperative (affirmative) (Imperativo afirmativo) Regular

The affirmative imperative in Portuguese is built with tu, você, nós, vós, and vocês forms; Brazilian norms favour você/vocês with third-person present verb shapes.

Diga a verdade, por favor.

PronounPortuguese
turói
vocêroa
ele/elaroa
nósroamos
vósroei
vocêsroam
eles/elasroam

Imperative (negative) (Imperativo negativo) Regular

Negative commands require não plus the present subjunctive for each person, which is a distinctive feature compared to other Romance systems that reuse present indicative in some slots.

Não falemos com pressa, está tudo calmo.

PronounPortuguese
tunão roas
vocênão roa
ele/elanão roa
nósnão roamos
vósnão roais
vocêsnão roam
eles/elasnão roam