gustar — Spanish conjugation

to like, to be pleasing (to)

Frequency#88RegularReflexivegustarse — to like each other

Indicative

Present (Presente) Regular

The present tense is the most versatile tense in Spanish. It covers actions happening right now, habitual actions, and even near-future plans. One form does the work of three English constructions.

Ella habla inglés — She speaks / is speaking English

PronounSpanishEnglish
yogustoI like
gustasyou like
vosgustásyou like
él/ella/Ud.gustahe/she/it likes
nosotrosgustamoswe like
vosotrosgustáisyou (pl.) like
ellos/ellas/Uds.gustanthey like

Preterite (Pretérito indefinido) Regular

Used for completed past actions with a defined endpoint — a single event, a series of events, or an action that interrupted another. Common with time expressions like ayer, el lunes, una vez.

Ella habló de ti ayer — She spoke about you yesterday

PronounSpanishEnglish
yogustéI liked
gustasteyou liked
vosgustasteyou liked
él/ella/Ud.gustóhe/she/it liked
nosotrosgustamoswe liked
vosotrosgustasteisyou (pl.) liked
ellos/ellas/Uds.gustaronthey liked

Imperfect (Pretérito imperfecto) Regular

Describes ongoing or habitual past states — what things were like, background context, what used to happen. Contrasts with the preterite which marks completed events.

Cuando era niño vivía en Valencia — When I was a child I lived in Valencia

PronounSpanish
yogustaba
gustabas
vosgustabas
él/ella/Ud.gustaba
nosotrosgustábamos
vosotrosgustabais
ellos/ellas/Uds.gustaban

Conditional (Condicional) Regular

Expresses hypothetical actions, polite requests, and what would happen under certain conditions. Also used for reported speech about the future from a past perspective.

¿Podrías ayudarme? — Could you help me?

PronounSpanishEnglish
yogustaríaI would like
gustaríasyou would like
vosgustaríasyou would like
él/ella/Ud.gustaríahe/she/it would like
nosotrosgustaríamoswe would like
vosotrosgustaríaisyou (pl.) would like
ellos/ellas/Uds.gustaríanthey would like

Future (Futuro) Regular

Expresses future actions, predictions, and probability about the present. Formed with the full infinitive as stem for most verbs. In spoken Spanish, ir a + infinitive is often preferred for near future.

Ella hablará en conferencia mañana — She will speak at the conference tomorrow

PronounSpanishEnglish
yogustaréI will like
gustarásyou will like
vosgustarásyou will like
él/ella/Ud.gustaráhe/she/it will like
nosotrosgustaremoswe will like
vosotrosgustaréisyou (pl.) will like
ellos/ellas/Uds.gustaránthey will like

Present perfect (Pretérito perfecto) Regular

A compound past tense linking a past action to the present moment — something that has happened and still feels recent or relevant. More common in Spain than Latin America where preterite is preferred.

Hoy he hablado con el jefe — Today I have spoken with the boss

PronounSpanishEnglish
yohe gustadoI have liked
has gustadoyou have liked
voshas gustadoyou have liked
él/ella/Ud.ha gustadohe/she/it has liked
nosotroshemos gustadowe have liked
vosotroshabéis gustadoyou (pl.) have liked
ellos/ellas/Uds.han gustadothey have liked

Pluperfect (Pretérito pluscuamperfecto) Regular

The past of the past — describes an action that was already completed before another past event happened. Always implies a reference point in the past.

Ya había hablado cuando llegaste — She had already spoken when you arrived

PronounSpanishEnglish
yohabía gustadoI had liked
habías gustadoyou had liked
voshabías gustadoyou had liked
él/ella/Ud.había gustadohe/she/it had liked
nosotroshabíamos gustadowe had liked
vosotroshabíais gustadoyou (pl.) had liked
ellos/ellas/Uds.habían gustadothey had liked

Conditional perfect (Condicional perfecto) Regular

Expresses what would have happened — actions that were possible but did not occur, or regrets about the past. Formed with conditional of haber + past participle.

Habría hablado, pero no me dejaron — I would have spoken, but they did not let me

PronounSpanish
yohabría gustado
habrías gustado
voshabrías gustado
él/ella/Ud.habría gustado
nosotroshabríamos gustado
vosotroshabríais gustado
ellos/ellas/Uds.habrían gustado

Future perfect (Futuro perfecto) Regular

Describes an action that will have been completed by a certain point in the future, or expresses probability about a recent past action.

Para el lunes habré terminado — By Monday I will have finished

PronounSpanishEnglish
yohabré gustadoI will have liked
habrás gustadoyou will have liked
voshabrás gustadoyou will have liked
él/ella/Ud.habrá gustadohe/she/it will have liked
nosotroshabremos gustadowe will have liked
vosotroshabréis gustadoyou (pl.) will have liked
ellos/ellas/Uds.habrán gustadothey will have liked

Subjunctive

Present subjunctive (Subjuntivo presente) Regular

Used in subordinate clauses after expressions of desire, doubt, emotion, necessity, or impersonal statements. Triggered by a change of subject between the main and subordinate clause.

Espero que hable — I hope she speaks

PronounSpanish
yoguste
gustes
vosgustes
él/ella/Ud.guste
nosotrosgustemos
vosotrosgustéis
ellos/ellas/Uds.gusten

Imperfect subjunctive (-ra) (Subjuntivo imperfecto (-ra)) Regular

The past subjunctive used after past main verbs, in if-clauses with conditional, and for polite softening. The -ra form is more common in everyday speech than the -se form.

Si pudiera, lo haría — If I could, I would do it

PronounSpanish
yogustara
gustaras
vosgustaras
él/ella/Ud.gustara
nosotrosgustáramos
vosotrosgustarais
ellos/ellas/Uds.gustaran

Imperfect subjunctive (-se) (Subjuntivo imperfecto (-se)) Regular

The alternative past subjunctive form. Interchangeable with -ra in most contexts but slightly more literary or formal. Both forms are grammatically correct in all regions.

Si pudiese, lo haría — If I could, I would do it

PronounSpanish
yogustase
gustases
vosgustases
él/ella/Ud.gustase
nosotrosgustásemos
vosotrosgustaseis
ellos/ellas/Uds.gustasen

Perfect subjunctive (Pretérito perfecto de subjuntivo) Regular

A compound subjunctive that expresses completed actions in a subjunctive context — used after present or future main verbs expressing doubt, emotion or desire.

Dudo que ya haya llegado — I doubt she has already arrived

PronounSpanish
yohaya gustado
hayas gustado
voshayas gustado
él/ella/Ud.haya gustado
nosotroshayamos gustado
vosotroshayáis gustado
ellos/ellas/Uds.hayan gustado

Pluperfect subjunctive (Pluscuamperfecto de subjuntivo) Regular

Expresses what had happened in hypothetical or unreal past contexts — the subjunctive equivalent of the pluperfect. Common in contrary-to-fact past conditions.

Si hubiera hablado, lo habrían creído — If she had spoken, they would have believed her

PronounSpanish
yohubiera gustado
hubieras gustado
voshubieras gustado
él/ella/Ud.hubiera gustado
nosotroshubiéramos gustado
vosotroshubierais gustado
ellos/ellas/Uds.hubieran gustado

Other forms

Imperative (affirmative) (Imperativo afirmativo) Regular

Direct commands and instructions. The imperative only exists for tú, usted, nosotros, vosotros and ustedes — yo has no command form. Affirmative and negative forms use different conjugations.

Habla más despacio — Speak more slowly

PronounSpanish
gusta
vosgustá
él/ella/Ud.guste
nosotrosgustemos
vosotrosgustad
ustedesgusten

Imperative (negative) (Imperativo negativo) Regular

Negative commands use the subjunctive forms for all persons. Formed with no + present subjunctive. This applies to all persons including tú where the affirmative uses a different form.

No hables tan rápido — Do not speak so fast

PronounSpanish
no gustes
vosno gustes
él/ella/Ud.no guste
nosotrosno gustemos
vosotrosno gustéis
ustedesno gusten

Present progressive (Presente progresivo) Regular

Emphasises that an action is happening right now at this very moment. Less common than in English since the present tense already covers ongoing actions in Spanish.

Estoy hablando contigo — I am speaking with you

PronounSpanish
yoestoy gustando
estás gustando
vosestás gustando
él/ella/Ud.está gustando
nosotrosestamos gustando
vosotrosestáis gustando
ellos/ellas/Uds.están gustando

Preterite progressive (Pretérito indefinido progresivo) Regular

Describes an action that was in progress throughout a completed past period. Uses the preterite of estar + gerund to emphasise the ongoing nature within a defined timeframe.

Estuvo hablando toda la tarde — He was talking all afternoon

PronounSpanish
yoestuve gustando
estuviste gustando
vosestuviste gustando
él/ella/Ud.estuvo gustando
nosotrosestuvimos gustando
vosotrosestuvisteis gustando
ellos/ellas/Uds.estuvieron gustando

Imperfect progressive (Pretérito imperfecto progresivo) Regular

Emphasises an ongoing background action using the imperfect of estar + gerund. Layered on top of the imperfect which already conveys continuity — used for extra emphasis on the progressive nature.

Estaba hablando cuando entró — I was speaking when he came in

PronounSpanish
yoestaba gustando
estabas gustando
vosestabas gustando
él/ella/Ud.estaba gustando
nosotrosestábamos gustando
vosotrosestabais gustando
ellos/ellas/Uds.estaban gustando

Conditional progressive (Condicional progresivo) Regular

Expresses what would be in progress under hypothetical conditions. Uses the conditional of estar + gerund. Less common but used for emphasis on the ongoing nature of a hypothetical action.

Estaría hablando ahora si pudiera — I would be speaking now if I could

PronounSpanish
yoestaría gustando
estarías gustando
vosestarías gustando
él/ella/Ud.estaría gustando
nosotrosestaríamos gustando
vosotrosestaríais gustando
ellos/ellas/Uds.estarían gustando

Future progressive (Futuro progresivo) Regular

Describes an action that will be in progress at a future point, or expresses probability about an ongoing present action. Uses the future of estar + gerund.

Mañana a esta hora estaré viajando — At this time tomorrow I will be travelling

PronounSpanish
yoestaré gustando
estarás gustando
vosestarás gustando
él/ella/Ud.estará gustando
nosotrosestaremos gustando
vosotrosestaréis gustando
ellos/ellas/Uds.estarán gustando