obligar — Spanish conjugation

to force

Frequency#121Irregular

Indicative

Present (Presente) Regular

The present tense is the most versatile tense in Spanish. It covers actions happening right now, habitual actions, and even near-future plans. One form does the work of three English constructions.

Ella habla inglés — She speaks / is speaking English

PronounSpanishEnglish
yoobligoI force
obligasyou force
vosobligásyou force
él/ella/Ud.obligahe/she/it forces
nosotrosobligamoswe force
vosotrosobligáisyou (pl.) force
ellos/ellas/Uds.obliganthey force

Preterite (Pretérito indefinido) Irregular

Used for completed past actions with a defined endpoint — a single event, a series of events, or an action that interrupted another. Common with time expressions like ayer, el lunes, una vez.

Ella habló de ti ayer — She spoke about you yesterday

PronounSpanishEnglish
yoobliguéI forced
obligasteyou forced
vosobligasteyou forced
él/ella/Ud.obligóhe/she/it forced
nosotrosobligamoswe forced
vosotrosobligasteisyou (pl.) forced
ellos/ellas/Uds.obligaronthey forced

Imperfect (Pretérito imperfecto) Regular

Describes ongoing or habitual past states — what things were like, background context, what used to happen. Contrasts with the preterite which marks completed events.

Cuando era niño vivía en Valencia — When I was a child I lived in Valencia

PronounSpanish
yoobligaba
obligabas
vosobligabas
él/ella/Ud.obligaba
nosotrosobligábamos
vosotrosobligabais
ellos/ellas/Uds.obligaban

Conditional (Condicional) Regular

Expresses hypothetical actions, polite requests, and what would happen under certain conditions. Also used for reported speech about the future from a past perspective.

¿Podrías ayudarme? — Could you help me?

PronounSpanishEnglish
yoobligaríaI would force
obligaríasyou would force
vosobligaríasyou would force
él/ella/Ud.obligaríahe/she/it would force
nosotrosobligaríamoswe would force
vosotrosobligaríaisyou (pl.) would force
ellos/ellas/Uds.obligaríanthey would force

Future (Futuro) Regular

Expresses future actions, predictions, and probability about the present. Formed with the full infinitive as stem for most verbs. In spoken Spanish, ir a + infinitive is often preferred for near future.

Ella hablará en conferencia mañana — She will speak at the conference tomorrow

PronounSpanishEnglish
yoobligaréI will force
obligarásyou will force
vosobligarásyou will force
él/ella/Ud.obligaráhe/she/it will force
nosotrosobligaremoswe will force
vosotrosobligaréisyou (pl.) will force
ellos/ellas/Uds.obligaránthey will force

Present perfect (Pretérito perfecto) Regular

A compound past tense linking a past action to the present moment — something that has happened and still feels recent or relevant. More common in Spain than Latin America where preterite is preferred.

Hoy he hablado con el jefe — Today I have spoken with the boss

PronounSpanishEnglish
yohe obligadoI have forced
has obligadoyou have forced
voshas obligadoyou have forced
él/ella/Ud.ha obligadohe/she/it has forced
nosotroshemos obligadowe have forced
vosotroshabéis obligadoyou (pl.) have forced
ellos/ellas/Uds.han obligadothey have forced

Pluperfect (Pretérito pluscuamperfecto) Regular

The past of the past — describes an action that was already completed before another past event happened. Always implies a reference point in the past.

Ya había hablado cuando llegaste — She had already spoken when you arrived

PronounSpanishEnglish
yohabía obligadoI had forced
habías obligadoyou had forced
voshabías obligadoyou had forced
él/ella/Ud.había obligadohe/she/it had forced
nosotroshabíamos obligadowe had forced
vosotroshabíais obligadoyou (pl.) had forced
ellos/ellas/Uds.habían obligadothey had forced

Conditional perfect (Condicional perfecto) Regular

Expresses what would have happened — actions that were possible but did not occur, or regrets about the past. Formed with conditional of haber + past participle.

Habría hablado, pero no me dejaron — I would have spoken, but they did not let me

PronounSpanish
yohabría obligado
habrías obligado
voshabrías obligado
él/ella/Ud.habría obligado
nosotroshabríamos obligado
vosotroshabríais obligado
ellos/ellas/Uds.habrían obligado

Future perfect (Futuro perfecto) Regular

Describes an action that will have been completed by a certain point in the future, or expresses probability about a recent past action.

Para el lunes habré terminado — By Monday I will have finished

PronounSpanishEnglish
yohabré obligadoI will have forced
habrás obligadoyou will have forced
voshabrás obligadoyou will have forced
él/ella/Ud.habrá obligadohe/she/it will have forced
nosotroshabremos obligadowe will have forced
vosotroshabréis obligadoyou (pl.) will have forced
ellos/ellas/Uds.habrán obligadothey will have forced

Subjunctive

Present subjunctive (Subjuntivo presente) Irregular

Used in subordinate clauses after expressions of desire, doubt, emotion, necessity, or impersonal statements. Triggered by a change of subject between the main and subordinate clause.

Espero que hable — I hope she speaks

PronounSpanish
yoobligue
obligues
vosobligues
él/ella/Ud.obligue
nosotrosobliguemos
vosotrosobliguéis
ellos/ellas/Uds.obliguen

Imperfect subjunctive (-ra) (Subjuntivo imperfecto (-ra)) Regular

The past subjunctive used after past main verbs, in if-clauses with conditional, and for polite softening. The -ra form is more common in everyday speech than the -se form.

Si pudiera, lo haría — If I could, I would do it

PronounSpanish
yoobligara
obligaras
vosobligaras
él/ella/Ud.obligara
nosotrosobligáramos
vosotrosobligarais
ellos/ellas/Uds.obligaran

Imperfect subjunctive (-se) (Subjuntivo imperfecto (-se)) Regular

The alternative past subjunctive form. Interchangeable with -ra in most contexts but slightly more literary or formal. Both forms are grammatically correct in all regions.

Si pudiese, lo haría — If I could, I would do it

PronounSpanish
yoobligase
obligases
vosobligases
él/ella/Ud.obligase
nosotrosobligásemos
vosotrosobligaseis
ellos/ellas/Uds.obligasen

Perfect subjunctive (Pretérito perfecto de subjuntivo) Regular

A compound subjunctive that expresses completed actions in a subjunctive context — used after present or future main verbs expressing doubt, emotion or desire.

Dudo que ya haya llegado — I doubt she has already arrived

PronounSpanish
yohaya obligado
hayas obligado
voshayas obligado
él/ella/Ud.haya obligado
nosotroshayamos obligado
vosotroshayáis obligado
ellos/ellas/Uds.hayan obligado

Pluperfect subjunctive (Pluscuamperfecto de subjuntivo) Regular

Expresses what had happened in hypothetical or unreal past contexts — the subjunctive equivalent of the pluperfect. Common in contrary-to-fact past conditions.

Si hubiera hablado, lo habrían creído — If she had spoken, they would have believed her

PronounSpanish
yohubiera obligado
hubieras obligado
voshubieras obligado
él/ella/Ud.hubiera obligado
nosotroshubiéramos obligado
vosotroshubierais obligado
ellos/ellas/Uds.hubieran obligado

Other forms

Imperative (affirmative) (Imperativo afirmativo) Irregular

Direct commands and instructions. The imperative only exists for tú, usted, nosotros, vosotros and ustedes — yo has no command form. Affirmative and negative forms use different conjugations.

Habla más despacio — Speak more slowly

PronounSpanish
obliga
vosobligá
él/ella/Ud.obligue
nosotrosobliguemos
vosotrosobligad
ustedesobliguen

Imperative (negative) (Imperativo negativo) Regular

Negative commands use the subjunctive forms for all persons. Formed with no + present subjunctive. This applies to all persons including tú where the affirmative uses a different form.

No hables tan rápido — Do not speak so fast

PronounSpanish
no obligues
vosno obligues
él/ella/Ud.no obligue
nosotrosno obliguemos
vosotrosno obliguéis
ustedesno obliguen

Present progressive (Presente progresivo) Regular

Emphasises that an action is happening right now at this very moment. Less common than in English since the present tense already covers ongoing actions in Spanish.

Estoy hablando contigo — I am speaking with you

PronounSpanish
yoestoy obligando
estás obligando
vosestás obligando
él/ella/Ud.está obligando
nosotrosestamos obligando
vosotrosestáis obligando
ellos/ellas/Uds.están obligando

Preterite progressive (Pretérito indefinido progresivo) Regular

Describes an action that was in progress throughout a completed past period. Uses the preterite of estar + gerund to emphasise the ongoing nature within a defined timeframe.

Estuvo hablando toda la tarde — He was talking all afternoon

PronounSpanish
yoestuve obligando
estuviste obligando
vosestuviste obligando
él/ella/Ud.estuvo obligando
nosotrosestuvimos obligando
vosotrosestuvisteis obligando
ellos/ellas/Uds.estuvieron obligando

Imperfect progressive (Pretérito imperfecto progresivo) Regular

Emphasises an ongoing background action using the imperfect of estar + gerund. Layered on top of the imperfect which already conveys continuity — used for extra emphasis on the progressive nature.

Estaba hablando cuando entró — I was speaking when he came in

PronounSpanish
yoestaba obligando
estabas obligando
vosestabas obligando
él/ella/Ud.estaba obligando
nosotrosestábamos obligando
vosotrosestabais obligando
ellos/ellas/Uds.estaban obligando

Conditional progressive (Condicional progresivo) Regular

Expresses what would be in progress under hypothetical conditions. Uses the conditional of estar + gerund. Less common but used for emphasis on the ongoing nature of a hypothetical action.

Estaría hablando ahora si pudiera — I would be speaking now if I could

PronounSpanish
yoestaría obligando
estarías obligando
vosestarías obligando
él/ella/Ud.estaría obligando
nosotrosestaríamos obligando
vosotrosestaríais obligando
ellos/ellas/Uds.estarían obligando

Future progressive (Futuro progresivo) Regular

Describes an action that will be in progress at a future point, or expresses probability about an ongoing present action. Uses the future of estar + gerund.

Mañana a esta hora estaré viajando — At this time tomorrow I will be travelling

PronounSpanish
yoestaré obligando
estarás obligando
vosestarás obligando
él/ella/Ud.estará obligando
nosotrosestaremos obligando
vosotrosestaréis obligando
ellos/ellas/Uds.estarán obligando