poner — Spanish conjugation

to put

Frequency#13IrregularReflexiveponerse — to put on (clothing); to become

Indicative

Present (Presente) Irregular

The present tense is the most versatile tense in Spanish. It covers actions happening right now, habitual actions, and even near-future plans. One form does the work of three English constructions.

Ella habla inglés — She speaks / is speaking English

PronounSpanishEnglish
yopongoI put
ponesyou put
vosponésyou put
él/ella/Ud.ponehe/she/it puts
nosotrosponemoswe put
vosotrosponéisyou (pl.) put
ellos/ellas/Uds.ponenthey put

Preterite (Pretérito indefinido) Irregular

Used for completed past actions with a defined endpoint — a single event, a series of events, or an action that interrupted another. Common with time expressions like ayer, el lunes, una vez.

Ella habló de ti ayer — She spoke about you yesterday

PronounSpanishEnglish
yopuseI put
pusisteyou put
vospusisteyou put
él/ella/Ud.pusohe/she/it put
nosotrospusimoswe put
vosotrospusisteisyou (pl.) put
ellos/ellas/Uds.pusieronthey put

Imperfect (Pretérito imperfecto) Regular

Describes ongoing or habitual past states — what things were like, background context, what used to happen. Contrasts with the preterite which marks completed events.

Cuando era niño vivía en Valencia — When I was a child I lived in Valencia

PronounSpanish
yoponía
ponías
vosponías
él/ella/Ud.ponía
nosotrosponíamos
vosotrosponíais
ellos/ellas/Uds.ponían

Conditional (Condicional) Irregular

Expresses hypothetical actions, polite requests, and what would happen under certain conditions. Also used for reported speech about the future from a past perspective.

¿Podrías ayudarme? — Could you help me?

PronounSpanishEnglish
yopondríaI would put
pondríasyou would put
vospondríasyou would put
él/ella/Ud.pondríahe/she/it would put
nosotrospondríamoswe would put
vosotrospondríaisyou (pl.) would put
ellos/ellas/Uds.pondríanthey would put

Future (Futuro) Irregular

Expresses future actions, predictions, and probability about the present. Formed with the full infinitive as stem for most verbs. In spoken Spanish, ir a + infinitive is often preferred for near future.

Ella hablará en conferencia mañana — She will speak at the conference tomorrow

PronounSpanishEnglish
yopondréI will put
pondrásyou will put
vospondrásyou will put
él/ella/Ud.pondráhe/she/it will put
nosotrospondremoswe will put
vosotrospondréisyou (pl.) will put
ellos/ellas/Uds.pondránthey will put

Present perfect (Pretérito perfecto) Regular

A compound past tense linking a past action to the present moment — something that has happened and still feels recent or relevant. More common in Spain than Latin America where preterite is preferred.

Hoy he hablado con el jefe — Today I have spoken with the boss

PronounSpanishEnglish
yohe puestoI have put
has puestoyou have put
voshas puestoyou have put
él/ella/Ud.ha puestohe/she/it has put
nosotroshemos puestowe have put
vosotroshabéis puestoyou (pl.) have put
ellos/ellas/Uds.han puestothey have put

Pluperfect (Pretérito pluscuamperfecto) Regular

The past of the past — describes an action that was already completed before another past event happened. Always implies a reference point in the past.

Ya había hablado cuando llegaste — She had already spoken when you arrived

PronounSpanishEnglish
yohabía puestoI had put
habías puestoyou had put
voshabías puestoyou had put
él/ella/Ud.había puestohe/she/it had put
nosotroshabíamos puestowe had put
vosotroshabíais puestoyou (pl.) had put
ellos/ellas/Uds.habían puestothey had put

Conditional perfect (Condicional perfecto) Regular

Expresses what would have happened — actions that were possible but did not occur, or regrets about the past. Formed with conditional of haber + past participle.

Habría hablado, pero no me dejaron — I would have spoken, but they did not let me

PronounSpanish
yohabría puesto
habrías puesto
voshabrías puesto
él/ella/Ud.habría puesto
nosotroshabríamos puesto
vosotroshabríais puesto
ellos/ellas/Uds.habrían puesto

Future perfect (Futuro perfecto) Regular

Describes an action that will have been completed by a certain point in the future, or expresses probability about a recent past action.

Para el lunes habré terminado — By Monday I will have finished

PronounSpanishEnglish
yohabré puestoI will have put
habrás puestoyou will have put
voshabrás puestoyou will have put
él/ella/Ud.habrá puestohe/she/it will have put
nosotroshabremos puestowe will have put
vosotroshabréis puestoyou (pl.) will have put
ellos/ellas/Uds.habrán puestothey will have put

Subjunctive

Present subjunctive (Subjuntivo presente) Irregular

Used in subordinate clauses after expressions of desire, doubt, emotion, necessity, or impersonal statements. Triggered by a change of subject between the main and subordinate clause.

Espero que hable — I hope she speaks

PronounSpanish
yoponga
pongas
vospongas
él/ella/Ud.ponga
nosotrospongamos
vosotrospongáis
ellos/ellas/Uds.pongan

Imperfect subjunctive (-ra) (Subjuntivo imperfecto (-ra)) Irregular

The past subjunctive used after past main verbs, in if-clauses with conditional, and for polite softening. The -ra form is more common in everyday speech than the -se form.

Si pudiera, lo haría — If I could, I would do it

PronounSpanish
yopusiera
pusieras
vospusieras
él/ella/Ud.pusiera
nosotrospusiéramos
vosotrospusierais
ellos/ellas/Uds.pusieran

Imperfect subjunctive (-se) (Subjuntivo imperfecto (-se)) Regular

The alternative past subjunctive form. Interchangeable with -ra in most contexts but slightly more literary or formal. Both forms are grammatically correct in all regions.

Si pudiese, lo haría — If I could, I would do it

PronounSpanish
yopusiese
pusieses
vospusieses
él/ella/Ud.pusiese
nosotrospusiésemos
vosotrospusieseis
ellos/ellas/Uds.pusiesen

Perfect subjunctive (Pretérito perfecto de subjuntivo) Regular

A compound subjunctive that expresses completed actions in a subjunctive context — used after present or future main verbs expressing doubt, emotion or desire.

Dudo que ya haya llegado — I doubt she has already arrived

PronounSpanish
yohaya puesto
hayas puesto
voshayas puesto
él/ella/Ud.haya puesto
nosotroshayamos puesto
vosotroshayáis puesto
ellos/ellas/Uds.hayan puesto

Pluperfect subjunctive (Pluscuamperfecto de subjuntivo) Regular

Expresses what had happened in hypothetical or unreal past contexts — the subjunctive equivalent of the pluperfect. Common in contrary-to-fact past conditions.

Si hubiera hablado, lo habrían creído — If she had spoken, they would have believed her

PronounSpanish
yohubiera puesto
hubieras puesto
voshubieras puesto
él/ella/Ud.hubiera puesto
nosotroshubiéramos puesto
vosotroshubierais puesto
ellos/ellas/Uds.hubieran puesto

Other forms

Imperative (affirmative) (Imperativo afirmativo) Irregular

Direct commands and instructions. The imperative only exists for tú, usted, nosotros, vosotros and ustedes — yo has no command form. Affirmative and negative forms use different conjugations.

Habla más despacio — Speak more slowly

PronounSpanish
pon
vosponé
él/ella/Ud.ponga
nosotrospongamos
vosotrosponed
ustedespongan

Imperative (negative) (Imperativo negativo) Regular

Negative commands use the subjunctive forms for all persons. Formed with no + present subjunctive. This applies to all persons including tú where the affirmative uses a different form.

No hables tan rápido — Do not speak so fast

PronounSpanish
no pongas
vosno pongas
él/ella/Ud.no ponga
nosotrosno pongamos
vosotrosno pongáis
ustedesno pongan

Present progressive (Presente progresivo) Regular

Emphasises that an action is happening right now at this very moment. Less common than in English since the present tense already covers ongoing actions in Spanish.

Estoy hablando contigo — I am speaking with you

PronounSpanish
yoestoy poniendo
estás poniendo
vosestás poniendo
él/ella/Ud.está poniendo
nosotrosestamos poniendo
vosotrosestáis poniendo
ellos/ellas/Uds.están poniendo

Preterite progressive (Pretérito indefinido progresivo) Regular

Describes an action that was in progress throughout a completed past period. Uses the preterite of estar + gerund to emphasise the ongoing nature within a defined timeframe.

Estuvo hablando toda la tarde — He was talking all afternoon

PronounSpanish
yoestuve poniendo
estuviste poniendo
vosestuviste poniendo
él/ella/Ud.estuvo poniendo
nosotrosestuvimos poniendo
vosotrosestuvisteis poniendo
ellos/ellas/Uds.estuvieron poniendo

Imperfect progressive (Pretérito imperfecto progresivo) Regular

Emphasises an ongoing background action using the imperfect of estar + gerund. Layered on top of the imperfect which already conveys continuity — used for extra emphasis on the progressive nature.

Estaba hablando cuando entró — I was speaking when he came in

PronounSpanish
yoestaba poniendo
estabas poniendo
vosestabas poniendo
él/ella/Ud.estaba poniendo
nosotrosestábamos poniendo
vosotrosestabais poniendo
ellos/ellas/Uds.estaban poniendo

Conditional progressive (Condicional progresivo) Regular

Expresses what would be in progress under hypothetical conditions. Uses the conditional of estar + gerund. Less common but used for emphasis on the ongoing nature of a hypothetical action.

Estaría hablando ahora si pudiera — I would be speaking now if I could

PronounSpanish
yoestaría poniendo
estarías poniendo
vosestarías poniendo
él/ella/Ud.estaría poniendo
nosotrosestaríamos poniendo
vosotrosestaríais poniendo
ellos/ellas/Uds.estarían poniendo

Future progressive (Futuro progresivo) Regular

Describes an action that will be in progress at a future point, or expresses probability about an ongoing present action. Uses the future of estar + gerund.

Mañana a esta hora estaré viajando — At this time tomorrow I will be travelling

PronounSpanish
yoestaré poniendo
estarás poniendo
vosestarás poniendo
él/ella/Ud.estará poniendo
nosotrosestaremos poniendo
vosotrosestaréis poniendo
ellos/ellas/Uds.estarán poniendo