resonar — Spanish conjugation
to resonate
Indicative
Present (Presente) Irregular
The present tense is the most versatile tense in Spanish. It covers actions happening right now, habitual actions, and even near-future plans. One form does the work of three English constructions.
Ella habla inglés — She speaks / is speaking English
| Pronoun | Spanish | English |
|---|---|---|
| yo | resueno | I resonate |
| tú | resuenas | you resonate |
| vos | resonás | you resonate |
| él/ella/Ud. | resuena | he/she/it resonates |
| nosotros | resonamos | we resonate |
| vosotros | resonáis | you (pl.) resonate |
| ellos/ellas/Uds. | resuenan | they resonate |
Preterite (Pretérito indefinido) Regular
Used for completed past actions with a defined endpoint — a single event, a series of events, or an action that interrupted another. Common with time expressions like ayer, el lunes, una vez.
Ella habló de ti ayer — She spoke about you yesterday
| Pronoun | Spanish | English |
|---|---|---|
| yo | resoné | I resonated |
| tú | resonaste | you resonated |
| vos | resonaste | you resonated |
| él/ella/Ud. | resonó | he/she/it resonated |
| nosotros | resonamos | we resonated |
| vosotros | resonasteis | you (pl.) resonated |
| ellos/ellas/Uds. | resonaron | they resonated |
Imperfect (Pretérito imperfecto) Regular
Describes ongoing or habitual past states — what things were like, background context, what used to happen. Contrasts with the preterite which marks completed events.
Cuando era niño vivía en Valencia — When I was a child I lived in Valencia
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| yo | resonaba |
| tú | resonabas |
| vos | resonabas |
| él/ella/Ud. | resonaba |
| nosotros | resonábamos |
| vosotros | resonabais |
| ellos/ellas/Uds. | resonaban |
Conditional (Condicional) Regular
Expresses hypothetical actions, polite requests, and what would happen under certain conditions. Also used for reported speech about the future from a past perspective.
¿Podrías ayudarme? — Could you help me?
| Pronoun | Spanish | English |
|---|---|---|
| yo | resonaría | I would resonate |
| tú | resonarías | you would resonate |
| vos | resonarías | you would resonate |
| él/ella/Ud. | resonaría | he/she/it would resonate |
| nosotros | resonaríamos | we would resonate |
| vosotros | resonaríais | you (pl.) would resonate |
| ellos/ellas/Uds. | resonarían | they would resonate |
Future (Futuro) Regular
Expresses future actions, predictions, and probability about the present. Formed with the full infinitive as stem for most verbs. In spoken Spanish, ir a + infinitive is often preferred for near future.
Ella hablará en conferencia mañana — She will speak at the conference tomorrow
| Pronoun | Spanish | English |
|---|---|---|
| yo | resonaré | I will resonate |
| tú | resonarás | you will resonate |
| vos | resonarás | you will resonate |
| él/ella/Ud. | resonará | he/she/it will resonate |
| nosotros | resonaremos | we will resonate |
| vosotros | resonaréis | you (pl.) will resonate |
| ellos/ellas/Uds. | resonarán | they will resonate |
Present perfect (Pretérito perfecto) Regular
A compound past tense linking a past action to the present moment — something that has happened and still feels recent or relevant. More common in Spain than Latin America where preterite is preferred.
Hoy he hablado con el jefe — Today I have spoken with the boss
| Pronoun | Spanish | English |
|---|---|---|
| yo | he resonado | I have resonated |
| tú | has resonado | you have resonated |
| vos | has resonado | you have resonated |
| él/ella/Ud. | ha resonado | he/she/it has resonated |
| nosotros | hemos resonado | we have resonated |
| vosotros | habéis resonado | you (pl.) have resonated |
| ellos/ellas/Uds. | han resonado | they have resonated |
Pluperfect (Pretérito pluscuamperfecto) Regular
The past of the past — describes an action that was already completed before another past event happened. Always implies a reference point in the past.
Ya había hablado cuando llegaste — She had already spoken when you arrived
| Pronoun | Spanish | English |
|---|---|---|
| yo | había resonado | I had resonated |
| tú | habías resonado | you had resonated |
| vos | habías resonado | you had resonated |
| él/ella/Ud. | había resonado | he/she/it had resonated |
| nosotros | habíamos resonado | we had resonated |
| vosotros | habíais resonado | you (pl.) had resonated |
| ellos/ellas/Uds. | habían resonado | they had resonated |
Conditional perfect (Condicional perfecto) Regular
Expresses what would have happened — actions that were possible but did not occur, or regrets about the past. Formed with conditional of haber + past participle.
Habría hablado, pero no me dejaron — I would have spoken, but they did not let me
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| yo | habría resonado |
| tú | habrías resonado |
| vos | habrías resonado |
| él/ella/Ud. | habría resonado |
| nosotros | habríamos resonado |
| vosotros | habríais resonado |
| ellos/ellas/Uds. | habrían resonado |
Future perfect (Futuro perfecto) Regular
Describes an action that will have been completed by a certain point in the future, or expresses probability about a recent past action.
Para el lunes habré terminado — By Monday I will have finished
| Pronoun | Spanish | English |
|---|---|---|
| yo | habré resonado | I will have resonated |
| tú | habrás resonado | you will have resonated |
| vos | habrás resonado | you will have resonated |
| él/ella/Ud. | habrá resonado | he/she/it will have resonated |
| nosotros | habremos resonado | we will have resonated |
| vosotros | habréis resonado | you (pl.) will have resonated |
| ellos/ellas/Uds. | habrán resonado | they will have resonated |
Subjunctive
Present subjunctive (Subjuntivo presente) Irregular
Used in subordinate clauses after expressions of desire, doubt, emotion, necessity, or impersonal statements. Triggered by a change of subject between the main and subordinate clause.
Espero que hable — I hope she speaks
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| yo | resuene |
| tú | resuenes |
| vos | resuenes |
| él/ella/Ud. | resuene |
| nosotros | resonemos |
| vosotros | resonéis |
| ellos/ellas/Uds. | resuenen |
Imperfect subjunctive (-ra) (Subjuntivo imperfecto (-ra)) Regular
The past subjunctive used after past main verbs, in if-clauses with conditional, and for polite softening. The -ra form is more common in everyday speech than the -se form.
Si pudiera, lo haría — If I could, I would do it
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| yo | resonara |
| tú | resonaras |
| vos | resonaras |
| él/ella/Ud. | resonara |
| nosotros | resonáramos |
| vosotros | resonarais |
| ellos/ellas/Uds. | resonaran |
Imperfect subjunctive (-se) (Subjuntivo imperfecto (-se)) Regular
The alternative past subjunctive form. Interchangeable with -ra in most contexts but slightly more literary or formal. Both forms are grammatically correct in all regions.
Si pudiese, lo haría — If I could, I would do it
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| yo | resonase |
| tú | resonases |
| vos | resonases |
| él/ella/Ud. | resonase |
| nosotros | resonásemos |
| vosotros | resonaseis |
| ellos/ellas/Uds. | resonasen |
Perfect subjunctive (Pretérito perfecto de subjuntivo) Regular
A compound subjunctive that expresses completed actions in a subjunctive context — used after present or future main verbs expressing doubt, emotion or desire.
Dudo que ya haya llegado — I doubt she has already arrived
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| yo | haya resonado |
| tú | hayas resonado |
| vos | hayas resonado |
| él/ella/Ud. | haya resonado |
| nosotros | hayamos resonado |
| vosotros | hayáis resonado |
| ellos/ellas/Uds. | hayan resonado |
Pluperfect subjunctive (Pluscuamperfecto de subjuntivo) Regular
Expresses what had happened in hypothetical or unreal past contexts — the subjunctive equivalent of the pluperfect. Common in contrary-to-fact past conditions.
Si hubiera hablado, lo habrían creído — If she had spoken, they would have believed her
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| yo | hubiera resonado |
| tú | hubieras resonado |
| vos | hubieras resonado |
| él/ella/Ud. | hubiera resonado |
| nosotros | hubiéramos resonado |
| vosotros | hubierais resonado |
| ellos/ellas/Uds. | hubieran resonado |
Other forms
Imperative (affirmative) (Imperativo afirmativo) Irregular
Direct commands and instructions. The imperative only exists for tú, usted, nosotros, vosotros and ustedes — yo has no command form. Affirmative and negative forms use different conjugations.
Habla más despacio — Speak more slowly
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| tú | resuena |
| vos | resoná |
| él/ella/Ud. | resuene |
| nosotros | resonemos |
| vosotros | resonad |
| ustedes | resuenen |
Imperative (negative) (Imperativo negativo) Regular
Negative commands use the subjunctive forms for all persons. Formed with no + present subjunctive. This applies to all persons including tú where the affirmative uses a different form.
No hables tan rápido — Do not speak so fast
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| tú | no resuenes |
| vos | no resuenes |
| él/ella/Ud. | no resuene |
| nosotros | no resonemos |
| vosotros | no resonéis |
| ustedes | no resuenen |
Present progressive (Presente progresivo) Regular
Emphasises that an action is happening right now at this very moment. Less common than in English since the present tense already covers ongoing actions in Spanish.
Estoy hablando contigo — I am speaking with you
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| yo | estoy resonando |
| tú | estás resonando |
| vos | estás resonando |
| él/ella/Ud. | está resonando |
| nosotros | estamos resonando |
| vosotros | estáis resonando |
| ellos/ellas/Uds. | están resonando |
Preterite progressive (Pretérito indefinido progresivo) Regular
Describes an action that was in progress throughout a completed past period. Uses the preterite of estar + gerund to emphasise the ongoing nature within a defined timeframe.
Estuvo hablando toda la tarde — He was talking all afternoon
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| yo | estuve resonando |
| tú | estuviste resonando |
| vos | estuviste resonando |
| él/ella/Ud. | estuvo resonando |
| nosotros | estuvimos resonando |
| vosotros | estuvisteis resonando |
| ellos/ellas/Uds. | estuvieron resonando |
Imperfect progressive (Pretérito imperfecto progresivo) Regular
Emphasises an ongoing background action using the imperfect of estar + gerund. Layered on top of the imperfect which already conveys continuity — used for extra emphasis on the progressive nature.
Estaba hablando cuando entró — I was speaking when he came in
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| yo | estaba resonando |
| tú | estabas resonando |
| vos | estabas resonando |
| él/ella/Ud. | estaba resonando |
| nosotros | estábamos resonando |
| vosotros | estabais resonando |
| ellos/ellas/Uds. | estaban resonando |
Conditional progressive (Condicional progresivo) Regular
Expresses what would be in progress under hypothetical conditions. Uses the conditional of estar + gerund. Less common but used for emphasis on the ongoing nature of a hypothetical action.
Estaría hablando ahora si pudiera — I would be speaking now if I could
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| yo | estaría resonando |
| tú | estarías resonando |
| vos | estarías resonando |
| él/ella/Ud. | estaría resonando |
| nosotros | estaríamos resonando |
| vosotros | estaríais resonando |
| ellos/ellas/Uds. | estarían resonando |
Future progressive (Futuro progresivo) Regular
Describes an action that will be in progress at a future point, or expresses probability about an ongoing present action. Uses the future of estar + gerund.
Mañana a esta hora estaré viajando — At this time tomorrow I will be travelling
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| yo | estaré resonando |
| tú | estarás resonando |
| vos | estarás resonando |
| él/ella/Ud. | estará resonando |
| nosotros | estaremos resonando |
| vosotros | estaréis resonando |
| ellos/ellas/Uds. | estarán resonando |