abschließen — German conjugation
to conclude
Indicative
Present (Präsens) Irregular
Präsens is the default present for facts, habits, and near-future plans. German has no continuous aspect in the same way as English, so a single form often covers both “I work” and “I am working” when you add a time adverb or context.
Ich arbeite heute im Homeoffice.
| Pronoun | German | English |
|---|---|---|
| ich | schließe ab | I conclude |
| du | schließt ab | you conclude |
| er/sie/es | schließt ab | he/she/it concludes |
| wir | schließen ab | we conclude |
| ihr | schließt ab | you (pl.) conclude |
| sie/Sie | schließen ab | they conclude |
Simple past (Präteritum) Irregular
Präteritum is a narrative past, common in print and in northern speech, while southern speakers lean on the perfect in conversation. sein and haben keep their Präteritum even when you otherwise avoid the preterite.
Er war müde, aber er hatte keinen Kaffee mehr.
| Pronoun | German | English |
|---|---|---|
| ich | schloss ab | I concluded |
| du | schlossest ab | you concluded |
| er/sie/es | schloss ab | he/she/it concluded |
| wir | schlossen ab | we concluded |
| ihr | schlosst ab | you (pl.) concluded |
| sie/Sie | schlossen ab | they concluded |
Present perfect (Perfekt) Irregular
The Perfekt is the everyday past for finished events: auxiliary haben or sein plus participle, with sein for most motion, coming/going, and some change-of-state verbs.
Wir sind rechtzeitig angekommen und haben gefeiert.
| Pronoun | German | English |
|---|---|---|
| ich | habe abgeschlossen | I have concluded |
| du | hast abgeschlossen | you have concluded |
| er/sie/es | hat abgeschlossen | he/she/it has concluded |
| wir | haben abgeschlossen | we have concluded |
| ihr | habt abgeschlossen | you (pl.) have concluded |
| sie/Sie | haben abgeschlossen | they have concluded |
Pluperfect (Plusquamperfekt) Irregular
The Plusquamperfekt is the pluperfect: it marks what had already completed before a later past episode in the same narrative.
Sie war schon gegangen, bevor er ankam.
| Pronoun | German | English |
|---|---|---|
| ich | hatte abgeschlossen | I had concluded |
| du | hattest abgeschlossen | you had concluded |
| er/sie/es | hatte abgeschlossen | he/she/it had concluded |
| wir | hatten abgeschlossen | we had concluded |
| ihr | hattet abgeschlossen | you (pl.) had concluded |
| sie/Sie | hatten abgeschlossen | they had concluded |
Future I (Futur I) Irregular
Futur I is for predictions, firm promises, and also probability about the present in colloquial German. Everyday speech very often uses Präsens plus a time expression instead.
Morgen schneit es, sagt der Wetterbericht.
| Pronoun | German | English |
|---|---|---|
| ich | werde abschließen | I will conclude |
| du | wirst abschließen | you will conclude |
| er/sie/es | wird abschließen | he/she/it will conclude |
| wir | werden abschließen | we will conclude |
| ihr | werdet abschließen | you (pl.) will conclude |
| sie/Sie | werden abschließen | they will conclude |
Future II (Futur II) Irregular
Futur II (werden + participle + haben/sein) names an action that will be completed before a later time, and can also express a guess that something must already have happened.
Bis Freitag werde ich alles gepackt haben.
| Pronoun | German | English |
|---|---|---|
| ich | werde abgeschlossen haben | I will have concluded |
| du | wirst abgeschlossen haben | you will have concluded |
| er/sie/es | wird abgeschlossen haben | he/she/it will have concluded |
| wir | werden abgeschlossen haben | we will have concluded |
| ihr | werdet abgeschlossen haben | you (pl.) will have concluded |
| sie/Sie | werden abgeschlossen haben | they will have concluded |
Subjunctive
Subjunctive II (Konjunktiv II) Irregular
Konjunktiv II is the mood for politeness, contrary-to-fact if-clauses, and reported views. In speech, würde + infinitive often stands in for rarer preterit-based forms.
Könnten Sie mir bitte helfen?
| Pronoun | German |
|---|---|
| ich | schlösse ab |
| du | schlössest ab |
| er/sie/es | schlösse ab |
| wir | schlössen ab |
| ihr | schlösset ab |
| sie/Sie | schlössen ab |
Other forms
Imperative (Imperativ) Irregular
The imperative uses the du, ihr, and Sie forms of command; the informal du form drops the -st of the present for many strong verbs, and separable-prefix verbs place the prefix at the end.
Mach bitte schnell, der Zug fährt gleich ab.
| Pronoun | German |
|---|---|
| du | schließe ab |
| ihr | schließt ab |