enthalten — German conjugation
to contain
Indicative
Present (Präsens) Irregular
Präsens is the default present for facts, habits, and near-future plans. German has no continuous aspect in the same way as English, so a single form often covers both “I work” and “I am working” when you add a time adverb or context.
Ich arbeite heute im Homeoffice.
| Pronoun | German | English |
|---|---|---|
| ich | enthalte | I contain |
| du | enthältst | you contain |
| er/sie/es | enthält | he/she/it contains |
| wir | enthalten | we contain |
| ihr | enthaltet | you (pl.) contain |
| sie/Sie | enthalten | they contain |
Simple past (Präteritum) Irregular
Präteritum is a narrative past, common in print and in northern speech, while southern speakers lean on the perfect in conversation. sein and haben keep their Präteritum even when you otherwise avoid the preterite.
Er war müde, aber er hatte keinen Kaffee mehr.
| Pronoun | German | English |
|---|---|---|
| ich | enthielt | I contained |
| du | enthieltest | you contained |
| er/sie/es | enthielt | he/she/it contained |
| wir | enthielten | we contained |
| ihr | enthieltet | you (pl.) contained |
| sie/Sie | enthielten | they contained |
Present perfect (Perfekt) Irregular
The Perfekt is the everyday past for finished events: auxiliary haben or sein plus participle, with sein for most motion, coming/going, and some change-of-state verbs.
Wir sind rechtzeitig angekommen und haben gefeiert.
| Pronoun | German | English |
|---|---|---|
| ich | habe enthalten | I have contained |
| du | hast enthalten | you have contained |
| er/sie/es | hat enthalten | he/she/it has contained |
| wir | haben enthalten | we have contained |
| ihr | habt enthalten | you (pl.) have contained |
| sie/Sie | haben enthalten | they have contained |
Pluperfect (Plusquamperfekt) Irregular
The Plusquamperfekt is the pluperfect: it marks what had already completed before a later past episode in the same narrative.
Sie war schon gegangen, bevor er ankam.
| Pronoun | German | English |
|---|---|---|
| ich | hatte enthalten | I had contained |
| du | hattest enthalten | you had contained |
| er/sie/es | hatte enthalten | he/she/it had contained |
| wir | hatten enthalten | we had contained |
| ihr | hattet enthalten | you (pl.) had contained |
| sie/Sie | hatten enthalten | they had contained |
Future I (Futur I) Irregular
Futur I is for predictions, firm promises, and also probability about the present in colloquial German. Everyday speech very often uses Präsens plus a time expression instead.
Morgen schneit es, sagt der Wetterbericht.
| Pronoun | German | English |
|---|---|---|
| ich | werde enthalten | I will contain |
| du | wirst enthalten | you will contain |
| er/sie/es | wird enthalten | he/she/it will contain |
| wir | werden enthalten | we will contain |
| ihr | werdet enthalten | you (pl.) will contain |
| sie/Sie | werden enthalten | they will contain |
Future II (Futur II) Irregular
Futur II (werden + participle + haben/sein) names an action that will be completed before a later time, and can also express a guess that something must already have happened.
Bis Freitag werde ich alles gepackt haben.
| Pronoun | German | English |
|---|---|---|
| ich | werde enthalten haben | I will have contained |
| du | wirst enthalten haben | you will have contained |
| er/sie/es | wird enthalten haben | he/she/it will have contained |
| wir | werden enthalten haben | we will have contained |
| ihr | werdet enthalten haben | you (pl.) will have contained |
| sie/Sie | werden enthalten haben | they will have contained |
Subjunctive
Subjunctive II (Konjunktiv II) Irregular
Konjunktiv II is the mood for politeness, contrary-to-fact if-clauses, and reported views. In speech, würde + infinitive often stands in for rarer preterit-based forms.
Könnten Sie mir bitte helfen?
| Pronoun | German |
|---|---|
| ich | enthielte |
| du | enthieltest |
| er/sie/es | enthielte |
| wir | enthielten |
| ihr | enthieltet |
| sie/Sie | enthielten |
Other forms
Imperative (Imperativ) Irregular
The imperative uses the du, ihr, and Sie forms of command; the informal du form drops the -st of the present for many strong verbs, and separable-prefix verbs place the prefix at the end.
Mach bitte schnell, der Zug fährt gleich ab.
| Pronoun | German |
|---|---|
| du | enthalte |
| ihr | enthaltet |