schmerzen — German conjugation
to hurt
Indicative
Present (Präsens) Regular
Präsens is the default present for facts, habits, and near-future plans. German has no continuous aspect in the same way as English, so a single form often covers both “I work” and “I am working” when you add a time adverb or context.
Ich arbeite heute im Homeoffice.
| Pronoun | German | English |
|---|---|---|
| ich | schmerze | I hurt |
| du | schmerzt | you hurt |
| er/sie/es | schmerzt | he/she/it hurts |
| wir | schmerzen | we hurt |
| ihr | schmerzt | you (pl.) hurt |
| sie/Sie | schmerzen | they hurt |
Simple past (Präteritum) Regular
Präteritum is a narrative past, common in print and in northern speech, while southern speakers lean on the perfect in conversation. sein and haben keep their Präteritum even when you otherwise avoid the preterite.
Er war müde, aber er hatte keinen Kaffee mehr.
| Pronoun | German | English |
|---|---|---|
| ich | schmerzte | I hurt |
| du | schmerztest | you hurt |
| er/sie/es | schmerzte | he/she/it hurt |
| wir | schmerzten | we hurt |
| ihr | schmerztet | you (pl.) hurt |
| sie/Sie | schmerzten | they hurt |
Present perfect (Perfekt) Regular
The Perfekt is the everyday past for finished events: auxiliary haben or sein plus participle, with sein for most motion, coming/going, and some change-of-state verbs.
Wir sind rechtzeitig angekommen und haben gefeiert.
| Pronoun | German | English |
|---|---|---|
| ich | habe geschmerzt | I have hurt |
| du | hast geschmerzt | you have hurt |
| er/sie/es | hat geschmerzt | he/she/it has hurt |
| wir | haben geschmerzt | we have hurt |
| ihr | habt geschmerzt | you (pl.) have hurt |
| sie/Sie | haben geschmerzt | they have hurt |
Pluperfect (Plusquamperfekt) Regular
The Plusquamperfekt is the pluperfect: it marks what had already completed before a later past episode in the same narrative.
Sie war schon gegangen, bevor er ankam.
| Pronoun | German | English |
|---|---|---|
| ich | hatte geschmerzt | I had hurt |
| du | hattest geschmerzt | you had hurt |
| er/sie/es | hatte geschmerzt | he/she/it had hurt |
| wir | hatten geschmerzt | we had hurt |
| ihr | hattet geschmerzt | you (pl.) had hurt |
| sie/Sie | hatten geschmerzt | they had hurt |
Future I (Futur I) Regular
Futur I is for predictions, firm promises, and also probability about the present in colloquial German. Everyday speech very often uses Präsens plus a time expression instead.
Morgen schneit es, sagt der Wetterbericht.
| Pronoun | German | English |
|---|---|---|
| ich | werde schmerzen | I will hurt |
| du | wirst schmerzen | you will hurt |
| er/sie/es | wird schmerzen | he/she/it will hurt |
| wir | werden schmerzen | we will hurt |
| ihr | werdet schmerzen | you (pl.) will hurt |
| sie/Sie | werden schmerzen | they will hurt |
Future II (Futur II) Regular
Futur II (werden + participle + haben/sein) names an action that will be completed before a later time, and can also express a guess that something must already have happened.
Bis Freitag werde ich alles gepackt haben.
| Pronoun | German | English |
|---|---|---|
| ich | werde geschmerzt haben | I will have hurt |
| du | wirst geschmerzt haben | you will have hurt |
| er/sie/es | wird geschmerzt haben | he/she/it will have hurt |
| wir | werden geschmerzt haben | we will have hurt |
| ihr | werdet geschmerzt haben | you (pl.) will have hurt |
| sie/Sie | werden geschmerzt haben | they will have hurt |
Subjunctive
Subjunctive II (Konjunktiv II) Regular
Konjunktiv II is the mood for politeness, contrary-to-fact if-clauses, and reported views. In speech, würde + infinitive often stands in for rarer preterit-based forms.
Könnten Sie mir bitte helfen?
| Pronoun | German |
|---|---|
| ich | schmerzte |
| du | schmerztest |
| er/sie/es | schmerzte |
| wir | schmerzten |
| ihr | schmerztet |
| sie/Sie | schmerzten |
Other forms
Imperative (Imperativ) Regular
The imperative uses the du, ihr, and Sie forms of command; the informal du form drops the -st of the present for many strong verbs, and separable-prefix verbs place the prefix at the end.
Mach bitte schnell, der Zug fährt gleich ab.
| Pronoun | German |
|---|---|
| du | schmerze |
| ihr | schmerzt |