formen — German conjugation

to form

Frequency#206Regular

Indicative

Present (Präsens) Regular

Präsens is the default present for facts, habits, and near-future plans. German has no continuous aspect in the same way as English, so a single form often covers both “I work” and “I am working” when you add a time adverb or context.

Ich arbeite heute im Homeoffice.

PronounGermanEnglish
ichformeI form
duformstyou form
er/sie/esformthe/she/it forms
wirformenwe form
ihrformtyou (pl.) form
sie/Sieformenthey form

Simple past (Präteritum) Regular

Präteritum is a narrative past, common in print and in northern speech, while southern speakers lean on the perfect in conversation. sein and haben keep their Präteritum even when you otherwise avoid the preterite.

Er war müde, aber er hatte keinen Kaffee mehr.

PronounGermanEnglish
ichformteI formed
duformtestyou formed
er/sie/esformtehe/she/it formed
wirformtenwe formed
ihrformtetyou (pl.) formed
sie/Sieformtenthey formed

Present perfect (Perfekt) Regular

The Perfekt is the everyday past for finished events: auxiliary haben or sein plus participle, with sein for most motion, coming/going, and some change-of-state verbs.

Wir sind rechtzeitig angekommen und haben gefeiert.

PronounGermanEnglish
ichhabe geformtI have formed
duhast geformtyou have formed
er/sie/eshat geformthe/she/it has formed
wirhaben geformtwe have formed
ihrhabt geformtyou (pl.) have formed
sie/Siehaben geformtthey have formed

Pluperfect (Plusquamperfekt) Regular

The Plusquamperfekt is the pluperfect: it marks what had already completed before a later past episode in the same narrative.

Sie war schon gegangen, bevor er ankam.

PronounGermanEnglish
ichhatte geformtI had formed
duhattest geformtyou had formed
er/sie/eshatte geformthe/she/it had formed
wirhatten geformtwe had formed
ihrhattet geformtyou (pl.) had formed
sie/Siehatten geformtthey had formed

Future I (Futur I) Regular

Futur I is for predictions, firm promises, and also probability about the present in colloquial German. Everyday speech very often uses Präsens plus a time expression instead.

Morgen schneit es, sagt der Wetterbericht.

PronounGermanEnglish
ichwerde formenI will form
duwirst formenyou will form
er/sie/eswird formenhe/she/it will form
wirwerden formenwe will form
ihrwerdet formenyou (pl.) will form
sie/Siewerden formenthey will form

Future II (Futur II) Regular

Futur II (werden + participle + haben/sein) names an action that will be completed before a later time, and can also express a guess that something must already have happened.

Bis Freitag werde ich alles gepackt haben.

PronounGermanEnglish
ichwerde geformt habenI will have formed
duwirst geformt habenyou will have formed
er/sie/eswird geformt habenhe/she/it will have formed
wirwerden geformt habenwe will have formed
ihrwerdet geformt habenyou (pl.) will have formed
sie/Siewerden geformt habenthey will have formed

Subjunctive

Subjunctive II (Konjunktiv II) Regular

Konjunktiv II is the mood for politeness, contrary-to-fact if-clauses, and reported views. In speech, würde + infinitive often stands in for rarer preterit-based forms.

Könnten Sie mir bitte helfen?

PronounGerman
ichformte
duformtest
er/sie/esformte
wirformten
ihrformtet
sie/Sieformten

Other forms

Imperative (Imperativ) Regular

The imperative uses the du, ihr, and Sie forms of command; the informal du form drops the -st of the present for many strong verbs, and separable-prefix verbs place the prefix at the end.

Mach bitte schnell, der Zug fährt gleich ab.

PronounGerman
duforme
ihrformt