quellen — German conjugation

to spring, to source

Frequency#210Irregular

Indicative

Present (Präsens) Irregular

Präsens is the default present for facts, habits, and near-future plans. German has no continuous aspect in the same way as English, so a single form often covers both “I work” and “I am working” when you add a time adverb or context.

Ich arbeite heute im Homeoffice.

PronounGermanEnglish
ichquelleI spring
duquillstyou spring
er/sie/esquillthe/she/it springs
wirquellenwe spring
ihrquelltyou (pl.) spring
sie/Siequellenthey spring

Simple past (Präteritum) Irregular

Präteritum is a narrative past, common in print and in northern speech, while southern speakers lean on the perfect in conversation. sein and haben keep their Präteritum even when you otherwise avoid the preterite.

Er war müde, aber er hatte keinen Kaffee mehr.

PronounGermanEnglish
ichquollI sprang
duquollstyou sprang
er/sie/esquollhe/she/it sprang
wirquollenwe sprang
ihrquolltyou (pl.) sprang
sie/Siequollenthey sprang

Present perfect (Perfekt) Irregular

The Perfekt is the everyday past for finished events: auxiliary haben or sein plus participle, with sein for most motion, coming/going, and some change-of-state verbs.

Wir sind rechtzeitig angekommen und haben gefeiert.

PronounGermanEnglish
ichbin gequollenI have sprung
dubist gequollenyou have sprung
er/sie/esist gequollenhe/she/it has sprung
wirsind gequollenwe have sprung
ihrseid gequollenyou (pl.) have sprung
sie/Siesind gequollenthey have sprung

Pluperfect (Plusquamperfekt) Irregular

The Plusquamperfekt is the pluperfect: it marks what had already completed before a later past episode in the same narrative.

Sie war schon gegangen, bevor er ankam.

PronounGermanEnglish
ichwar gequollenI had sprung
duwarst gequollenyou had sprung
er/sie/eswar gequollenhe/she/it had sprung
wirwaren gequollenwe had sprung
ihrwart gequollenyou (pl.) had sprung
sie/Siewaren gequollenthey had sprung

Future I (Futur I) Irregular

Futur I is for predictions, firm promises, and also probability about the present in colloquial German. Everyday speech very often uses Präsens plus a time expression instead.

Morgen schneit es, sagt der Wetterbericht.

PronounGermanEnglish
ichwerde quellenI will spring
duwirst quellenyou will spring
er/sie/eswird quellenhe/she/it will spring
wirwerden quellenwe will spring
ihrwerdet quellenyou (pl.) will spring
sie/Siewerden quellenthey will spring

Future II (Futur II) Irregular

Futur II (werden + participle + haben/sein) names an action that will be completed before a later time, and can also express a guess that something must already have happened.

Bis Freitag werde ich alles gepackt haben.

PronounGermanEnglish
ichwerde gequollen seinI will have sprung
duwirst gequollen seinyou will have sprung
er/sie/eswird gequollen seinhe/she/it will have sprung
wirwerden gequollen seinwe will have sprung
ihrwerdet gequollen seinyou (pl.) will have sprung
sie/Siewerden gequollen seinthey will have sprung

Subjunctive

Subjunctive II (Konjunktiv II) Irregular

Konjunktiv II is the mood for politeness, contrary-to-fact if-clauses, and reported views. In speech, würde + infinitive often stands in for rarer preterit-based forms.

Könnten Sie mir bitte helfen?

PronounGerman
ichquölle
duquöllest
er/sie/esquölle
wirquöllen
ihrquöllet
sie/Siequöllen

Other forms

Imperative (Imperativ) Irregular

The imperative uses the du, ihr, and Sie forms of command; the informal du form drops the -st of the present for many strong verbs, and separable-prefix verbs place the prefix at the end.

Mach bitte schnell, der Zug fährt gleich ab.

PronounGerman
duquill
ihrquellt